• Title/Summary/Keyword: ITS 영역

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Outlier Detection By Clustering-Based Ensemble Model Construction (클러스터링 기반 앙상블 모델 구성을 이용한 이상치 탐지)

  • Park, Cheong Hee;Kim, Taegong;Kim, Jiil;Choi, Semok;Lee, Gyeong-Hoon
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.7 no.11
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    • pp.435-442
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    • 2018
  • Outlier detection means to detect data samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data. Most outlier detection methods calculate an outlier score that indicates the extent to which a data sample is out of normal state and determine it to be an outlier when its outlier score is above a given threshold. However, since the range of an outlier score is different for each data and the outliers exist at a smaller ratio than the normal data, it is very difficult to determine the threshold value for an outlier score. Further, in an actual situation, it is not easy to acquire data including a sufficient amount of outliers available for learning. In this paper, we propose a clustering-based outlier detection method by constructing a model representing a normal data region using only normal data and performing binary classification of outliers and normal data for new data samples. Then, by dividing the given normal data into chunks, and constructing a clustering model for each chunk, we expand it to the ensemble method combining the decision by the models and apply it to the streaming data with dynamic changes. Experimental results using real data and artificial data show high performance of the proposed method.

Derivation of Synergistic Aerosol Model by Using the ECMWF/MACC and OPAC (ECMWF/MACC와 OPAC자료를 이용한 시너지 에어로솔 모델 산출)

  • Lee, Kwon-Ho;Lee, Kyu-Tae;Mun, Gwan-Ho;Kim, Jung-ho;Jung, Kyoung-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.34 no.6_1
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    • pp.857-868
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    • 2018
  • The microphysics and spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosols are responsible for estimating the optical properties at a given location. Its accurate estimation is essential to plan efficient simulation for radiative transfer. For this sake, synergetic use of reanalysis data with optics database was used as a potential tool to precisely derive the aerosol model on the basis of the major representative particulates exist within a model grid. In detail, mixing of aerosol types weighted by aerosol optical depth (AOD) components has been developed. This synergetic aerosol model (SAM) is spectrally extended up to $40{\mu}m$. For the major aerosol event cases, SAM showed that the mixed aerosol particles were totally different from the typical standard aerosol models provided by the radiative transfer model. The correlation among the derived aerosol optical properties along with ground-based observation data has also been compared. The current results will help to improve the radiative transfer model simulation under the real atmospheric environment.

A Study on the Importance of Determinants in the Technology Transfer of the Chemical Industry through International Joint-Ventures (국제합작을 통한 화학산업 기술이전의 결정요인 중요도 분석)

  • Chung, Joong-Kyu;Han, Sang-Kook
    • Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.159-185
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    • 2019
  • Chemical industry, as one of the basis industries of the country, is characterized by converged high-end technology and large scale capital investment. In 2018, the government announced "The Strategy for Chemical Industry Development" with the vision of 'An Upgrade to the Advanced Chemical Industry'. In the meantime, the advanced chemical industry in Korea has been developed not by its own R&D, but by the upgrading of technologies and processes through the technology transfer from developed countries. The method of technology transfer was mainly achieved with international joint ventures (hereafter IJV) linked with technology transferors from developed countries. As it is necessary to grasp the determinants of the technology transfer and their importance to promote the transfers through IJVs, this relative importance analysis study was conducted by using the method of quantifying experts' opinions (AHP) on the determinants of the technology transfer of both parties. As a result of the analysis, in the Hierarchy1(PEST factors), the technology transferees focus on economic factors such as 'profitability of technology transfer' and 'cost efficiency', while technology transferors considered technical factors such as 'operational excellence (abilities to continuously improve technology process)'. In addition, transferors and transferees have different priorities for technology transfer determinants in all areas of Hierarchy 2 (sub-determinants). This suggests that Korean government or enterprise should shift the policy direction toward 'technology-oriented' when they promote advanced-technology transfer through IJVs.

Study on Innovation Measurement of National R&D Investments for Nanotechnology Using Data Envelopment Analysis (자료포락분석을 통한 국가 나노기술 연구개발투자 결과의 혁신성 분석 연구)

  • Lim, Jung Sun;Hahn, Hyuk;Won, Dong-Kyu;Kim, Sanggook
    • Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.207-219
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    • 2019
  • The international trends in activities of government R&D performance measurement is evolving into evidence-based approach to support the verification of objective policy implementation. The European Commission has been implementing KETs (Key Enabling Technologies) policy that incubates nanotech based emerging technologies to support the fourth industrial revolution/revitalization of high-tech manufacturing, and resulting innovations are quantified by KETs Observatory project. The European Commission also built Innovation Radar system that monitors potentially innovative projects within FP7 and Horizon2020 by data analysis. The United States is also upgrading its Federal RePORTER system to quantitatively monitor federal R&D investments with outcomes (including nanotechnology). In the field of Korean nanotechnology, basic statistical data by analyzing NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service) information is applied in policy field. Developing innovation measurement methodology beyond basic statistical analysis is an international policy issue, and a long-term R&D investment area of a government. The objective of this model study is to quantify the innovation potential of nano R&D investments conducted by Korea government, using input-output based efficiency measurement model and NTIS (National Science & Technology Information Service) that is comprehensive data portal for national R&D investments/outcomes including nanotechnology.

Study on Bleaching Effect of Neutralization Agent (Sodium Meta Silicate and Triethylamine) Regarding Its Concentration - Focused on 10% Urea Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gel - (도자기 표면 변색에 대한 중화제(Sodium Meta Silicate 및 Triethylamine)의 농도별 표백 효과 - 10% 과산화요소 표백겔을 중심으로 -)

  • Ham, Chul Hee
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.130-141
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    • 2011
  • This paper examined the bleaching effect of the two types of gel made with neutralizing agent such as sodium meta silicate gel & triethylamine gel mixed with carbopol resin 940 & 934 which has thickness effect in broad pH region and mixed with 10% hydrogen peroxide. Sodium meta silicate gel(1.6g included) provided pH 10, the most suitable environment for bleaching. The result of comparison of the baseline colour changes(${\Delta}E*ab$) and colour changes according to time(${\Delta}E*ab$) is as following. Group1(carbopol 940, sodium meta silicate, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 112% efficiency at CS-2; 63.3% at CS-4; 87.4% at CS-6. Group2(carbopol 934, sodium meta silicate, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 77.3%, 67.3%, 109.6% at CS-8, CS-10, CS-12 respectively; CT-1, CT-3, CT-5 of Group3(carbopol 940, triethylamine, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide) showed 36.8%, 73.2%, 74%; In Group4(carbopol 934, triethylamine, Urea Hydrogen Peroxide), efficiency of CT-6, CT-8, and CT-10 was 81.7%, 95.4%, and 95.7%. The paper showed that various concentration of neutralizing agent such as sodium meta silicate and triethylamine have bleaching effect. Viscosity of the gel including sodium meta silicate was higher than the gel including triethylamine. High viscosity helps the bleaching gel sit on the smooth slope of the ceramics. As a result, sodium meta silicate is considered to provide thickening and bleaching effect required in producing 10% hydrogen peroxide gel.

New Perspectives on the Xiongnu Iron Works based on Archaeological Study (고고학 자료로 본 흉노의 철기문화 -중국 중원계 철기와의 비교를 중심으로-)

  • Moon, Jea-beom
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.64-77
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    • 2013
  • In China, archaeological research on Xiongnu started later than in foreign countries. In the late $19^{th}$ century, several Russian archaeologists started to study Xiongnu's archaeological culture. However, since the late $20^{th}$ century, archaeological research of the Xiongnu in China quickly gained speed. The Xiongnu culture has been reported in Mongolia, northern steppe of China and eastern part of Eurasian steppe. Mainly, Xiongnu sites, dated from the late 2nd century B.C. to the 1st century A.D., are reported on the west side of Baikal Lake(Zabaikal), Mongolia and the Inner Mongolia of China. Based on the historical records and the archaeological remains, the North Xiongnu culture is defined to be the remains of Zabaikal, and the South Xiongnu culture the archaeological remains of Northern China. The expelled North Xiongnu, while fleeing to the western part of Eurasia, left traces of their own archaeological remains in southern Kazakhstan, Xinjiang of China, Altai, and finally appeared in the Europe as Huns. In order to adapt to the environment of northern steppe of China, Xiongnu used a nomadic economic system, giving uniqueness to its iron works. The most characteristic iron works of the Xiongnu is the highly-sophisticated iron weapons. Compared with the iron works of agricultural economic society, Xiongnu iron-works are short of production tools and various vessels. The "Nomadic type" iron works found in Xiongnu area date back to the Warring Country period or slightly later. Further research need to be conducted on "Nomadic type" Xiongnu iron works.

The Necessity of Video Recording in Archaeology and the Visual Archaeology (고고학에서 영상의 필요성과 영상고고학)

  • Choi, Sung Rak;Cho, Woo Tack
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.88-104
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    • 2009
  • Changes in a society and visual media has a tight relationship. Photography represented the last 20th century in the visual media; while the 21st century we live in is represented by moving image(video). The change of visual media also brought changes to the archaeological recordings. As information is gathered from the field work in archaeology, it seems that use of video recording, a reliable way of collecting and recording data, will increase. The process of archaeological excavations can be considered as a contents itself. Also, video recording has many advantages when recording environmental surrounding of the sites and artifacts, for the reservation of the scenery, and as recorded heritage of the humankind. Video recording can be a tool of conversion to public archaeology to devote to its social and academic roles. Considering all of the above, studying ways to record and preserve visual materials is essential in the field of archaeology and we should be prepared for it. We strongly propose reinstatement of the visual archaeology, which should be studied in archaeological perspective. The direction of the study of visual archaeology can be summarized into two. First is the study on the video recording during field work and the archive of video recordings. Second is the study on the media as the tool of communication. More detailed and organized research should be considered in depth in the archaeological theory and methods.

Sound Absorption Rate and Sound Transmission Loss of Wood Bark Particle (목재수피 파티클의 흡음율과 음향투과손실)

  • Kang, Chun-Won;Jang, Eun-Suk;Jang, Sang-Sik;Kang, Ho-Yang;Kang, Seog-Goo;Oh, Se-Chang
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.425-441
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    • 2019
  • In this study, sound absorption capability and sound transmission loss of several kinds of target densities and thickness for six species of wood bark particle were estimated by the transfer function and transfer matrix methods. Resultantly, the mean sound absorption coefficient of a 100-mm thick Hinoki wood bark particle mat was 0.90 in the frequency range of 100-6400 Hz, whereas the mean sound absorption rate of a 50-mm thick Hinoki wood bark particle mat was 0.84 in the same frequency range. Particularly, at a thickness of 100 mm, it reached almost up to 100% in the frequency range of 1 KHz. The sound transmission losses of 100-mm thick Hinoki wood bark particle mat with a target density of 0.16 at 500 and 1000 Hz were 15.30 and 15.73 dB, respectively. When a 10-mm thick plywood was attached to the back of the wood particle mat, the sound transmission losses was increased by 20-30 dB. Wood bark can be used as an acoustical material owing to its high sound absorption rate and transmission loss.

The Rated Self: Credit Rating and the Outsoursing of Human Judgment (평가된 자아: 신용평가와 도덕적, 경제적 가치 평가의 외주화)

  • Yi, Doogab
    • Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.91-135
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    • 2019
  • As we live a life increasingly mediated by computers, we often outsource our critical judgments to artificial intelligence(AI)-based algorithms. Most of us have become quite dependent upon algorithms: computers are now recommending what we see, what we buy, and who we befriend with. What happens to our lives and identities when we use statistical models, algorithms, AI, to make a decision for us? This paper is a preliminary attempt to chronicle a historical trajectory of judging people's economic and moral worth, namely the history of credit-rating within the context of the history of capitalism. More importantly this paper will critically review the history of credit-rating from its earlier conception to the age of big data and algorithmic evaluation, in order to ask questions about what the political implications of outsourcing our judgments to computer models and artificial intelligence would be. Some of the questions I would like to ask in this paper are: by whom and for what purposes is the computer and artificial intelligence encroached into the area of judging people's economic and moral worth? In what ways does the evolution of capitalism constitute a new mode of judging people's financial and personal identity, namely the rated self? What happens in our self-conception and identity when we are increasingly classified, evaluated, and judged by computer models and artificial intelligence? This paper ends with a brief discussion on the political implications of the outsourcing of human judgment to artificial intelligence, and some of the analytic frameworks for further political actions.

Cytological Study on the Cause of the Osteoporotic Side Effects of Adefovir Dipivoxil (아데포비어의 부작용인 골다공증 원인 규명을 위한 세포학적 연구)

  • Park, Ho
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.379-385
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    • 2019
  • Osteoporosis is a disease that increases the risk of fractures by inducing a decrease in bone strength by the changes in hormones and a decrease in minerals. Recent reports have indicated that the long-term administration of Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV), which is used as a treatment for the hepatitis virus and AIDS, may have osteoporotic side effects. On the other hand, there are few studies on the cytopathic correlation of these causes. In this study, the biological relevance of ADV was evaluated using osteoblast hFOB1.19 and vascular endothelial cell HUVEC. First, the cells were treated with ADV at different concentrations, and DAPI and crystal violet staining were performed for morphological analysis of each cell and nucleus. A CCK-8 assay, real-time PCR, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and activity was performed to evaluate the drug effects on cell proliferation, gene expression, and osteoblast differentiation. As a result, ADV induced cell hypertrophy in hFOB1.19 cells and HUVEC cells. Furthermore, ADV not only inhibited cell proliferation and TGF-${\beta}$ expression but was also involved in osteoblast differentiation. Overall, these results provide basic data to help better understand the mechanism of ADV-induced osteoporosis and its clinical implications.