• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.12
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• pp.1338-1345
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• 2014

Recently, wireless technology gains attention for industrial networks due to low cost, flexibility, relatively easy installation and most importantly, solving the rouring issue. ISA100.11a is one of promising standard for wireless industrial networks (WINs). Data traffic in industrial networks are known to be periodic and must satisfy the real-time property namely deadline. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed to apply deadline monotonic scheduling to periodic tasks in ISA100.11a networks and to evaluate the performance of ISA100.11a by checking the schedulability and beacon frame overhead. Simulation results showns, that our proposed scheme can reduces the network overhead while maintaining schedulability as compared to the previous algorithm. In addition, by reducing the network overhead, our proposed scheme can send more data without degrading the overall performance of WINs.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.675-678
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• 2011

무선센서 네트워크는 많이 알려진 연구분야 중 하나이다. 스마트 그리드 나 자동화 시스템 등에 많이 적용된다. 산업장에서 사용되는 무선센서 네트워크 관련표준은 Ziebee, WirelessHART, ISA100.11a 등이 있다. ISA100.11a 는 그래프 라우팅 이라 불리 우는 간단하고 신뢰적인 그래프 라우팅 방법을 제안한다. 그래프 라우팅은 라우팅 테이블이 없는 고정된 라우팅이다. ISA100.11a 에서는 구체적인 라우팅 구성방법에 대해서는 설명되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 베이스 라인(Base Line)을 이용한 에너지 효율적이고 신뢰적인 그래프 라우팅 구성방법을 제시한다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.52-55
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• 2008

The paper aims at showing the subsumption relations of the Wordnet can be captured automatically from a dynamic encyclopedia such as Wikipedia with a meaningful precision. The idea behind the proposal is that a knowledge base in the form of Wordnet can be dynamically obtained and maintained accordingly to the online dictionaries so that the scalability of knowledge base construction may be achieved to some degree. To show the plausibility of dynamic ISA construction, we have tested how well the ISA relations among the 100 technology terms selected from the Wordnet can be saved from the ISA construction by the wiki definitions of the selected terms. As a result the wiki definition led to the ISA relations of the Wordnet with the precision of 80%.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.740-743
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• 2011

산업장내에 사용하는 무선 네트워크인 ISA100.11a 네트워크의 각 디바이스들의 센서값의 유효함을 보장하기 위하여 센서 상태 진단 기능을 제안한다. ISA100.11a 네트워크의 각 디바이스들은 자체적으로 디바이스들의 오류를 감지하는데 디바이스 오류 감지 기준이 단순하여 다양한 오류에 대해서는 진단 기능이 취약하다. 또한 적은 디바이스의 리소스으로는 정교한 오류 감지에 한계가 있다. 그래서 본 논문는 정교한 오류 감지법과 디바이스 리소스를 고려하여 센서 상태를 진단하는 기능을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1063-1075
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• 2019

In recent years, industrial automation has been established and WISN (Wireless Industrial Sensor Network) has been introduced for efficient system management. By introducing WISN, many engineering costs have been reduced and process processors have been optimized. And communication flow using wireless is increasing. An empirical study on industrial wireless sensor networks is actively conducted, but there are few security studies on them and they are exposed to such threats. If there is a problem with the standard of the wireless communication protocol itself, the device that is certified according to the standard may also be subject to security threats including problems. We analyze security functions and threats of ISA 100.11a and WirelessHART protocol stack based on standards. Procedures for distributing the security key are not provided or it is vulnerable using the Global Data Link key when the device enters the network. This paper presents the problems of the standard itself and presents the security requirements accordingly.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

Large-scale petrochemical and power plants has increased demanting wireless technology for continuous monitoring. However, the current USN technologies, such as ZigBee and Bluetooth, are lackof reliability and security. Therefore, there is a strong need to apply a new wireless technology standard of the ISA. In this study, a petrochemicalplant safety management system based on the ISA wireless transmitter isdeveloped. ISA100.11a communication module and LTE communication module equippedwith an explosion-proof wireless transmitter are developed. A petrochemicalplant safety management system is built based on the IoT technologies. Thedeveloped system is verified through a wide range of testing and thus, on-siteapplicability is proved.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.757-770
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• 2020

Industrial Control System(ICS) is a system that measures, monitors, and controls various distributed assets, and is used in industrial facilities such as energy, chemical, transportation, water treatment, and manufacturing plants or critial infrastructure. Because ICS system errors and interruptions can cause serious problem and asset damage, research on prevention and minimization of security threats in industrial control systems has been carried out. Previously wireless communication was applied in limited fields to minimize security risks, but the demand for industrial wireless communication devices is increasing due to ease of maintenance and cost advantages. In this paper, we analyzed the security threats of industrial wireless communication devices supporting WirelessHART and ISA100.11a. Based on the analysis results, we proposed the security requirements for adopting and operating industrial wireless communication devices. We expect that the proposed requirements can mitigate security threats of industrial wireless devices in ICS.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the performance and egg quality of layers. A total of 800 ISA Brown layers of 71 weeks old were assigned to one of the following diets containing 0, 3, 10, 50 or 100 ppm LG-vitamin C, 100ppm free ascorbic acid, 100 ppm Rovimix stay C-35 or 50 ppm LG-vitamin C supplemented with 100 ppm Zn methionine chelate. The feeding trial was conducted for flour weeks during the period of May to June when the average ambient temperature was $23.8^{\circ}C$ (5 :00 PM). Each treatment was replicated five times with 20 birds housed in 2 birds cage units. Vitamin C supplementation did not improve the overall performances (egg Production and egg Quality). Birds fed 100 ppm of LG vitamin C had the lowest egg Production while birds fed 100 ppm of Rovimix-35 had the lowest egg weight among birds fed different sources of vitamin C. Although supplementation of vitamin C over 50 ppm increased soft and broken egg Production, supplementation of 10 ppm LG vitamin C showed lowest soft and broken egg Production among all treatments. E99she11 thickness was highest in the treatment of 50 ppm LG vitamin C. In conclusion, supplementation of vitamin C at the level of 3 ~ 100 ppm did not significantly influence the laying performance and eggshell quality of laying hens under normal ambient(20 ~$26^{\circ}C$ ) condition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.64-65
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• 2001

Seven hundred twenty 56 wks old ISA brown layers were assigned to five dietary treatments for 12 weeks. Each treatment was consisted of 6 replications with 24 birds. Control diet was formulated to have 15% CP, 2800kcal/kg ME, 3.8% Ca and Cu-methionine chelate(Cu-Met) were added to control diet at the level of 25, 50, 75, 100ppm in Cu. Supplementation of 25, 75, 100ppm Cu in from of Cu-Met s increased egg productions by 2.11, 3.84, 3.66%, compare with control. Egg weight also increased by supplementation of Cu at 50, 75, 100ppm in Cu-Met. Gizzard erosion tened to increase by supplementary Cu-Met but were not significantly different. Supplementation of Cu at the level of 75, 100ppm Cu-Met treatments decreased crude fat level in liver. It concludes that supplementation of Cu at level in the form of 75 or 100ppm methionine chelate improves egg production with heavier egg weight and decreases crude fat content in the liver.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

The flow velocity distribution at inlet and exit of Diesel Particulate Filter(DPF) by fabricating L-shape connector with the DPF was measured using a Pitot-tube and 2-D transverse machine. An adaptor designed for making the Pitot tube probe access to the inlet and exit of the DPF was connected with the inlet and exit flange of the DPF, respectively. The Pitot tube which was mounted in the 2-D positioning machine could access to the inlet and exit of the DPF through the rectangular window of the adaptor. The L-shape connector in the DPF inlet has a flow guide which is a perforated steel pipe. The flow velocity distribution at the inlet of the DPF showed a chaotic velocity distribution which is different from that with a diffuser type connector. The velocity distribution at the exit of the DPF showed a crown shape which is similar to that of the diffuser type connector. The velocity distribution at the exit of DPF showed different patterns according to the air flow rate.