• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.99-108
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• 1994

Films of glass-ceramics $Li_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$(LAS)system were prepared on substrate of an iron plate(SCP) by sol-gel technique using metal alkoxide such as Si$(OC_2H_5)_4$,Al$(OC_2H_9)_3$) and Ti$(OC_2H_6)_4$). Sol which was made by means of simple spray coating, on the substrate was hydrolyzed at 75~$80^{\circ}C$ in moisture cabinet (80~90 % humidity) to form the multicomponent gel. The films up to about 0.8~1.0$mu extrm{m}$ in thickness can be obtained by repeating operation, spraylongrightarrowhydrolysis and condensationlongrightarrowdryinglongrightarrowheating and crystallization at $700^{\circ}C$ for 3~5min. The far-infrared radiation spectra of the coated films on substrate were examined by FT-IR and of films was also observed by scanning electron micrograph technique. The thermal evaluation of the gel-film is followed by TG/DTA measurements. The structure evaluation is followedd X-ray diffraction. These results suggest that this process is applicable to far-infrared radiat at thin film technique.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.8-11
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• 2003

We propose that when combustible burn with contain carbon, introduce fire detector with sensor of private-use detectable light energy as infrared and ultraviolet in energy of electromagnetic-wave type radiate from flame, method for correct discrimination to resemble fire produce false alarm of detector such as sun light, hot object radiation, are welding. This research using infrared sensor is pyroelectric infrared sensor based black body radiation theory. Ultraviolet sensor is uv Tron using gas multiplication effect to current discharge and photoelectric effect of metal. To have high sensibility and to gain proper output voltage, it has high responsive performance. This research introduced UV/IR compound type flame detector and proposed method of false alarm reduced to resemble fire. The result propres the prevention and extinction of fire technique degree, certificated operation of detector.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.707-711
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• 2016

A small diameter of SiC fiber mat can produce much higher heat under microwave irradiation than the other types of SiC materials. Fabrication of high strength SiC fiber consists of iodine vapor curing on polycarbosilane precursor and heat treatment process. The curing stage of polycarbosilane fiber was maintained at $150-200^{\circ}C$ in a vacuum condition under the iodine vapor to fabricate a high thermal radiation SiC fiber. The structure and morphology of the fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, the thermal properties of SiC fiber mats under microwave have been analyzed with an IR thermal camera and its image analyzer. The prepared SiC fiber mats radiated high temperature with extremely high heating rate up to $1100^{\circ}C$ in 30 seconds. The fabricated SiC fiber mats were not oxidized after the heat radiation process under the microwave irradiation.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.319-324
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• 1991

In our institution, a 76-year-old woman with primary urethral carcinoma was treated with remote afterloading high dose rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy using micro selectron Ir-192. In this paper, authors described the technical aspect of remote afterloading HDR interstitial brachytherapy for female urethal cancer.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.322-327
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• 2022

Fucoidans were degraded by hydrogen peroxide under the electron beam (2.5 MeV) with various radiation doses (5 kGy, 10 kGy, 15 kGy, and 20 kGy) at room temperature. The degradation property was analyzed with a gel permeation chromatography (GPC-MALLS) method. An average molecular weight of fucoidan decreased from 99,956 at the irradiation dose of 0 kGy to 6,725 at the irradiation dose of 20 kGy. The solution viscosity of fucoidans showed a similar pattern to the molecular weight change. The number of chain breaks per molecule (N) increased with increasing the irradiation dose and concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The radiation yield of scission value markedly increased with increasing the irradiation dose up to 15 kGy. Also a 10% hydrogen peroxide concentration was more efficient than that of 5%. The structures of degraded fucoidan samples were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results showed that the degradation process did not significantly change the chemical structure or the content of sulfate group. The sulfur content of each sample was determined with an Elemental Analyzer. With increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide, the ratios of sulfur/carbon, hydrogen/carbon, and nitrogen/carbon slightly decreased. The antioxidant activities of fucoidans were investigated based on hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. The ability of fucoidan to inhibit the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was depended on its molecular weight.

• 대한방사선치료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.23-26
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• 2005

Introduction: To evaluate whether modified MUPIT applicator can effectively eradicate recurrent tumor in uterine cervix cancer and reduce rectal complication after complete radiation treatment. Methods and Materials: Modified MUPIT applicator basically consists of an acrylic cylinder with flexible brain applicator , an acrylic template with a predrilled array of holes that serve as guides for interstitial needles and interstitial needles. CT scan was performed to determine tumor volume and the position of interstitial needles. Modified MUPIT applicator was applied to patient in operation room and the accuracy for position of interstitial needles in tumor volume was confirmed by CTscan. Brachytherapy was delivered using modified MUPIT applicator and RALS (192-Ir HDR) after calculated computer planning by orthogonal film. The daily dose was 600cGy and the total dose was delivered 3000cGy in tumor volume by BID. Rectal dose was measured by TLD at 5 points so that evaluated the risk of rectal complication. Result: The application of modified MUPIT applicator improved dramatically dose distributions in tumor volume and follow-up of 3 month for this patient was clinically partial response without normal tissue complication, Rectal dose was measured 34.1cGy, 57.1cGy, 103.8cGy, 162.7cGy, 165.7cGy at each points, especially the rectal dose including previous EBRT and ICR was 34.1cGy, 57.1cGy Conclusion: Patients with locally recurrent tumor in uterine cervix cancer treated with modified MIUPIT applicator can expect reasonable rates of local control. The advantages of the system are the fixed geometry Provided by the template and cylinders, and improved dose distributions in irregular tumor volume without rectal complication

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2004

Purpose : Evaluate the efficacies and toxicities of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), with or without intraluminal brachytherapy (ILB), using a retrospective analysis in esophageal carcinomas with respect to survival. Materials and Methods : From April 1995 to July 2001, a total of 65 patients, diagnosed with an esophageal carcinoma, were treated by CCRT, with 21 also treated by ILB after CCRT. External radiotherapy was peformed using 6 or 10 MV X-rays, with a dose range of $46.8~\69.6$ Gy (median; 59.4). The ILB was peformed using high-dose-rate brachytherapy with Ir-192. The fractionation of ILB was 3 Gy by 4, or 5 Gy by 2 fractions. Cisplatin $(75\;mg/m^2)$ was given on each first day of weeks 1, 5, 9 and 13, and 5-FU $(1,000\;mg/m^2)$ as a continuous infusion for the first 4 days of each course. Results : The median survival time of all patients was 15 months, and the 1, 2 and 3-year survival rates were 55.4, 29.2 and $20.7\%$, respectively. The 2-year survival rates of the patients with and without ILB were 33.3 and $27.3\%$, respectively (p=0.80). The 2-year survival rates of the patients with a complete, partial and no response were 44.1, 13.8 and $0\%$, respectively (p=0.02). The response to treatment was the only significant factor affecting the overall survival from a multivariate analysis. Conclusion : This study has shown that the survival outcomes of CCRT were much better than previous results with radiotherapy alone. However, the addition of ILB after CCRT showed no advantage over that of CCRT alone.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2006

[ $\underline{Purpose}$ ]: To determine the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy with high-dose-rate brachytherapy for cervical cancer. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: From January 2001 to December 2002, 30 patients with cervical cancer were treated with concurrent chemotherapy (cisplatin and 5-FU) and definitive radiation therapy. The median age was 58 (range $34{\sim}74$) year old. The pathology of the biopsy sections was squamous cell carcinoma in 29 patients and one was adenocarcinoma. The distribution to FIGO staging system was as follows: stage IB, 7 (23%); IIA, 3 (10%); IIB, 12 (40%); IIIA, 3 (10%); IIIB, 5 (17%). All patients received pelvic external beam irradiation (EBRT) to a total dose of $45{\sim}50.4\;Gy$ (median: 50.4 Gy) over $5{\sim}5.5$ weeks. Ir-192 HDR intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) was given after a total dose of 41.4 Gy. HDR-ICBT was performed twice a week, with a fraction point A dose of 4 Gy and median dose to point A was 28 Gy (range: $16{\sim}32\;Gy$) in 7 fractions. The median cumulative biologic effective dose (BED) at point A (EBRT+ICBT) was $88\;Gy_{10}$ (range: $77{\sim}94\;Gy_{10}$). The median cumulative BED at ICRU 38 reference point (EBRT+ICBT) was $131\;Gy_3$ (range: $122{\sim}140\;Gy_3$) at point A, $109\;Gy_3$ (range: $88{\sim}125\;Gy_3$) at the rectum and $111\;Gy_3$ (range: $91{\sim}123\;Gy_3$) at the urinary bladder. Cisplatin ($60\;mg/m^2$) and 5-FU ($1,000\;mg/m^2$) was administered intravenously at 3 weeks interval from the first day of radiation for median 5 (range: $2{\sim}6$) cycles. The assessment was performed at 1 month after completion of radiation therapy by clinical examination and CT scan. The median follow-up time was 36 months (range: $8{\sim}50$ months). $\underline{: The complete response rate after concurrent chemoradiation therapy was 93.3%. The 3-yr actuarial pelvic control rate was 87% and 3-yr actuarial overall survival and disease-free survival rate was 93% and 87%, respectively. The local failure rate was 13% and distant metastatic rate was 3.3%. The crude rate of minor hematologic complications (RTOG grade 1-2) occurred in 3 patients (10%) and one patient had suffered from severe leukopenia (RTOG grade 4) during concurrent treatment. Acute minor enterocolitis (RTOG grade 1-2) occurred in 11 patients (37%) and one patient (3%) was suffered from colon perforation during radiation therapy. Late colitis of RTOG grade 1 occurred in 5 patients (15%). Acute cystitis of RTOG grade 1 occurred in 12 patients (40%) and late cystitis of RTOG grade 2 occurred in one patient (3%). No treatment related death was seen. $\underline{Conclusion}$: The results of this study suggest that the concurrent chemoradiation therapy with HDR brachytherapy could be accepted as an effective and safe treatment for cervical cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 1999

Purpose : To evaluate possible acute toxicity and early response of concurrent radiation therapy and low dose daily cisplatin as a radiosensitizer in patients with locally advanced uterine cervical carcinomas. Materials and Method : From December 1996 to January 1999, 38 previously untreated Patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (from stage IIB to stage IIIB) were treated at Inha University Hospital. All patients underwent standard pretreatment staging Procedures after the initial evaluation by gynecologists and radiation oncologists. Sixteen Patients with huge cervical mass (>4 cm) were submitted to the group treated with concurrent radiation therapy and low dose daily cisplatin while the remainder was treated with radiation therapy alone. Radiation therapy consisted of 4500 cGy external beam irradiation to whole pelvis (midline block after 3000 cGy), 900$\~$1000 cGy boost to involved parametrium, and high dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy (a total dose of 3000$\~$3500 cGy/500 cGy per fraction to point A, twice per week). In the group treated with low dose cisplatin concurrently, 10 mg of daily intravenous cisplatin was given from the 1st day of radiation therapy to the 20th day of radiation therapy. Acute toxicity was measured according to expanded common toxicity criteria of the NCI (C) Clinical Trials. Early response data were analyzed at minimum 4 weeks' follow-up after completion of the treatment protocol. Results: Hematolgic toxici쇼 was more prominent in patients treated with radiation therapy and cisplatin. Six of 16 patients (37.5$\~$) treated with radiation therapy and cisplatin and one of 22 patients (4.5$\~$) treated with radiation therapy alone experienced grade 3 leukopenia. In Fisher's exact test, there was statistically significant difference between two groups regarding leukopenia (P=0.030). There was no apparent difference in the frequency of gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity between two groups (P=0.066). Three of 16 patients (18.7$\~$) treated with radiation therapy and cisplatin and two of 22 patients (9.1$\~$) treated with radiation therapy alone experienced more than 5 kg weight loss during the treatment. There was no statistically significant difference on weight loss between two groups (P=0.63). Two patients on each group were not evaluable for the early response because of incomplete treatment. The complete response rate at four weeks' follow-up was 80$\~$(16/20) for the radiation therapy alone group and 78$\~$ (11/14) for the radiation therapy and cisplatin group. There was no statistically significant difference in early response between two treatment groups (P=0.126). Conclusion : This study led to the conclusion that the hematologic toxicity from the treatment with concurrent radiation therapy and low dose daily cisplatin seems to be more prominent than that from the treatment of radiation therapy alone. There was no grade 4 hematologic toxicity or mortality in both groups. The hematologic toxicity in both treatment groups seems to be well managable modically. Since the risk factors were not balanced between two treatment groups, the direct comparison of early response of both groups was not possible. However, preliminary results regarding early response for patients with bulky cervical tumor mass treated with radiation therapy and low dose daily cisplatin was encouraging. Longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate the survival data. A phase III study is needed to evaluate the efficacy of concurrent daily low dose cisplatin with radiation therapy in bulky cervical cancer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.292-302
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• 2011

Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin and resistin) are known to play a major role in development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and intervention program is effective in reducing CVD risk factors. However, intervention program to improve the CVD risk factors including adipocytokines has been less studied. This study investigated the effects of 12-weeks worksite intervention program on cardiovascular risk factors, adipocytokines and nutrients intakes in industrial workers. 157 industrial male workers (32 metabolic syndrome (MS) subjects, 125 healthy subjects using age-matched stratified random sampling) received 5 face-to-face counseling based on their health profiles. Anthropometry, biochemical parameters and nutrients intakes were measured. The diagnosis of MS was adapted from modified NCEP-ATP III criteria (2001) and Asia-Pacific definition criteria (2000) for waist circumference (WC). After the intervention program, WC, BMI, SBP, insulin, leptin and intakes of total energy and fiber were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while adiponectin was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in MS subjects. The WC, BMI, SBP, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-cholesterol, HbA1c, leptin and intakes of total energy, protein and fat were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and adiponectin was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in normal subjects. Multiple linear regression revealed that adiponectin was positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01). Leptin was positively correlated with WC (p < 0.01), and resistin was positively correlated with HbA1c (p < 0.05) and intakes of total energy (p < 0.05), and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05). The results of the 12 weeks intervention showed a positive impact on adipocytokines and nutrients intakes of industrial workers to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. Further research is needed to verify a tailored long-term worksite intervention program including adipocytokines as a protective factor for the CVD.