• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2016

One of key parameters on lightning protection system design of electric, information and communication system is grounding impedance. Earth impedance includes numerous information about earthing performance of grounding system. This paper suggests grounding impedance measuring device which is comprised of wideband current source, voltage and current measuring components. We used IQ Demodulation to measure more accurate phase difference of voltage and current. The range of frequency is up to 1 MHz that is IEEE defined as the range of lightning surge. We compared developed grounding impedance measuring device with existing one to test its performance, and we used grounding system while we implemented measurement and analysing by using fall of potential method IEEE Std.81 proposed.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.398-406
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• 2013

In this paper, we investigate two types of in-phase and quadrature-phase (IQ) data transfer methods for cloud multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network operation. They are termed "after-precoding" and "before-precoding". We formulate a cloud massive MIMO operation problem that aims at selecting the best IQ data transfer method and transmission strategy (beamforming technique, the number of concurrently receiving users, the number of used antennas for transmission) to maximize the ergodic sum-rate under a limited capacity of the digital unit-radio unit link. Based on our proposed solution, the optimal numbers of users and antennas are simultaneously chosen. Numerical results confirm that the sum-rate gain is greater when adaptive "after/before-precoding" method is available than when only conventional "after-precoding" IQ-data transfer is available.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.796-799
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• 1996

분리된 균주와 표준균주의 Bifidobacterium 21종류에 대하여 Salmonella typhimurium TA 98균주를 이용한 in vitro 항돌연변이능을 조사하였다. 실험에 이용된 돌연변이원으로는 Trp-P-1 (3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-$^{5}H-pyrido$ (4, 3-b) indole), benzopyrene, IQ (2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] quinoline)와 NQO (4-nitroquinoline oxide) 등이었다. 동결건조된 균체들은 평균적으로 각각 Trp-P-1, benzopyrene, NQO, IQ에 대하여 64, 38, 29, 20%의 항돌연변이능을 나타냈다. Trp-P-1, benzopyrene, IQ에 대하여는 균주의 종류와 성장시기에 따른 항돌연변이능에 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. NQO에 대하여는 12시간 배양세포가 5일 배양세포보다 항돌연변이능이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 Bifidobacterium 균주들이 일반적으로 몇 종류의 잘 알려진 돌연변이원에 대한 항돌연변이능을 보유하고 있음을 보여주었다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2022

목적: 여러 근관치료용 무선 핸드피스에서 발생되는 진동의 크기와 양상을 비교해 보고자 한다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 클램프로 고정시킨 5개의 근관치료용 무선 핸드피스(X Smart IQ, E Connect S, Endo A Class, ENDOIT, TRAUS ENDO)의 헤드부분에 가속도계를 이용하여 회전운동과 왕복운동방식으로 동작할 때 핸드피스 자체에서 발생하는 진동가속도를 측정하였다. 결과: 모든 근관치료용 무선 핸드피스에서 회전운동보다 왕복운동에서의 평균진동가속도가 유의하게 높게 나타났다(P < 0.001). 회전운동에서는 급격한 진동의 크기 변화 없이 일정한 진폭의 반복적인 진동그래프가 얻어졌으며, 평균진동 가속도 값은 X Smart IQ, Endo A Class, ENDOIT, E Connect S, TRAUS ENDO 순이었고(P < 0.001), X Smart IQ와 Endo A Class 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 왕복운동에서는 한 주기 안에 특정 지점에서 큰 진폭의 피크가 나타나는 양상의 진동그래프가 얻어졌으며, 평균진동가속도 값은 X Smart IQ, E Connect S, Endo A class, ENDOIT, TRAUS ENDO 순이었다(P < 0.001). 결론: 무선 근관치료용 핸드피스 종류에 관계없이 회전운동보다 왕복운동에서 더 큰 진동이 발생하였다. 왕복운동에서는 모든 핸드피스에서 진동의 차이가 있었다(P < 0.001).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.468-472
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• 1995

Caryophyllene oxide (CPO)는 전통생약제나 향신료의 essential oil에 상당량 함유되어 있다. Caryophyllene (CP)의 산화반응이나 효소반응에 의해 생성되어 주로 flavor component로 이용되는 CPO는 강력한 생리활성을 가진다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 CPO의 항돌연변이성을 Ames의 preincubation 법으로 조사하였다. S-9 fraction은 Arochor 1254를 몸무게 kg당 500mg을 투여한 Sprague-Dawley rat의 간으로부터 조제하였고 aflatoxin $B_1\;(AFB_1)$과 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)을 mutagen으로 사용하였다. CPO의 항돌연변이성은 mutagen에 의해 생성된 Samonella typhimurium TA98과 TA100의 revertant수의 감소로 측정하였다. CPO는 $AFB_1$이나 IQ에 의해 유도된 S. typhimurium TA98과 TA100의 revertant수를 CPO 처리양 (5, 50, 500${\mu}g/plate$)에 따라 감소시켰다. CPO 500${\mu}g$은 $AFB_1$의 S. typhimurium TA98에 대한 돌연변이성을 89% 감소시켰으며 S. typhimurium TA100에 대해서도 71% 감소율을 보였다. 또한 동일양의 CPO는 IQ의 S. typhimurium TA98과 TA100에 대한 돌연변이성을 각각 77%와 51% 감소시켰다. CP도 AEB1과 IQ의 S. typhimurium TA98과 TA100에 대한 돌연변이성을 감소 시켰지만 CPO의 항돌연변이성보다는 약하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 CP 보다 강한 항돌연 변이성을 가진 CPO를 항돌연변이성 flavoring agent인 식품첨가제로 개발할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.323-326
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• 2006

Suaeda (S.) asparagoides $M_{IQ}$, one of the halophyte groups, has been used as a folk remedy for digestive disturbances in Korea. However, its pharmacological activity on gastrointestinal motility has not been reported yet. In this study, the effects of this halophyte extracts with various solvent fractions (ethanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) on mice ileal spontaneous motility was examined. All solvent fractions at the concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$ showed inhibitory actions on spontaneous motility of ileum with the potency order of water > 70% ethanol > hexane ${\gg}$ chloroform ${\geq}$ butanol ${\geq}$ ethyl acetate, respectively. In addition, the water fraction of extracts from S. asparagoides $M_{IQ}$ (WFSA) dose-dependently ($1-100{\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the amplitude of spontaneous phasic contraction and area under the contractile curve (AUC). The inhibitory effect of water fraction at the concentration of $10{\mu}g/ml$ was not affected by tetrodotoxin (TTX), $Na^+$ channel blocker ($1{\mu}M$), and $N^w$-nitro-L-arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME), nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ($100{\mu}M$). However, cyclopiazonic acid (CPA, $10{\mu}M$), inhibitor of sarcoplasmic reticulum $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase, almost blocked the inhibitory effects of WFSA ($10{\mu}g/ml$) on the spontaneous phasic contraction of mouse ileum. But, CPA did not inhibit the lowering basal tone effects of WFSA. The result of this study showed that various extracts of S. asparagoides $M_{IQ}$ induce inhibitory effects on spontaneous contraction of mice ileal segments. More over, the polar solvent fractions were shown to be more potent than non-polar solvent fractions. The effects of S. asparagoides $M_{IQ}$ extracts are not mediated by nerve or nitric oxide. The inhibitory effects of WFSA at least partially mediated by sarcoplasmic reticulum $Ca^{2+}$-ATPase. However, further study is required to determine the exact pharmacological mechanisms of this halophyte on its gastrointestinal motility inhibitory effects.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.273-277
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• 1995

많은 생리적 지능 연구자들은 생체신호 또는 생리적 측정치들을 지능의 새로운 측정치로서 제안하고 있는데, 이들의 기본 가정은 현재의 지능검사는 교육, 가정의 양육태도, 부모의 사회경제적 지위와 같은 문화적 요인에 의해 크게 좌우되므로 지능의 편파적인 측정치가 될 수밖에 없고, 이러만 요인에 가장 적게 영향받는 생리적 측정치만이 순수한 지능 즉정치가 될 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 이러한 생리적 신호들 중 EOG(electro-oculograph)를 이용하여 안구의 움직임을 기록함으로서 피검자의 문제해결을 위한 집중력과 이해력 등을 알아보고자 하였다. 또한, 피검자의 정보처리과정을 알아보기 위해 반응시간(RT, reaction time)을 측정하였다. 17명의 건강한 남녀 학생들이 실험에 참여하였으며, 첫단계로 Raven's Advanced Matrices 검사와 IQ 검사를 실시하고, 검사 결과에 근거하여 각각을 세 그룹으로 나누었다. 두번째 단계로는 슬라이드로 제작된 도형유추과제를 푸는 동안 EOG와 RT를 측정하였다. IQ 검사 점수, RT, 그리고 EOG로부터 추출된 변수들 간의 상관관계를 구하기 위해 GLM(general linear model) 및 Duncan's multiple range test를 위한 통계분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과를 통하여 도형유추과제의 난이도가 높을수록 EOG변수들에 의한 지능점수의 분류능력이 높음을 알 수 있었으며, Raven그룹보다는 IQ그룹에 대한 분류가 더욱 잘 이루어졌음을 발견하였다. 그리고, RT는 Raven그룹과 IQ그룹 모두에서 높은 변별력을 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.65-83
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to validate the newly developed K-WPPSI-IV using other current IQ tests in common use in Korea such as the K-ABC and K-CTONI-2. Fifty three 2~7 year olds were tested with both the K-WPPSI-IV and K-ABC in a counterbalanced order. Simultaneous, cognitive, information processing as well as acquisition indices of K-ABC were moderately correlated with the total IQ of K-WPPSI-IV, ranging .44~.58. The results of these tests were comparable with US data: Correlations among WPPSI-IV & DAS-II subscales were .31~.67. The correlations among K-WPPSI-IV & K-CTONI-2 subscales in sixty two children ranged from .43~.49. WMI(Working memory index) as well as PSI(Processing speed index) of K-WPPSI showed low correlations with non-verbal IQ. These results indicated that nonverbal IQ does not test processing speed which in turn is very important in WMI & PSI Indices of K-WPPSI-IV. Further studies are needed to broaden the concurrent validities using K-WISC-IV or K-BSID-2. In addition, predictive as well as discriminate validity studies need to be conducted for better understanding of K-WPPSI-IV.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 1995

The antimutagenic effects of insoluble dietary fibers(IDF) extracted from some green-yellow vegetables(kale, carrot, spinach, broccoli and soybean sprout) and soybean by binding the carcinogens of MeIQ (2-amino-3,4- dimethyl-imidazo(4,5-f) quinoline) and Trp-P-2(3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b] indole) in Salmonella tylhimirium TA100 and TA98 were studied. All of the insoluble dietary fiber samples which binded MeIQ exhibited high antimutagenic effects by removing the mutagen. Among the samples, IDFs from kale and soybean showed strong binding capacity fo the carcinogen and revealed about 90% of the antimutagenic activity. the IDF samples showed somewhat lower binding capacity to the Trp-p-2. The lignin which extracted from kale, soybean and carrot, and the cellulose strongly removed the mutagenicity of MeIQ by the binding. Among the samples, the level of lignin in kale revealed the highest(about 10%), and it seemed that the higher content of lignin in kale is one of the reasons to increase its antimutagenic effect.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.163-169
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• 2006

Objectives : The study was conducted to investigate the effect of intelligence ability on attention using Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Methods : 56 children with ADHD (52 boys, 4 girls) and 41 children in normal (28 boys, 13 girls) were sampled, their age range was 7 to 15. They performed IQ test and ADHD Diagnostic System (ADS) in order to examine intelligence and attention. Participants were divided into normal group and ADHD group, average IQ level children and superior IQ level children. Then ADS variables (omission error, commission error, reaction time, reaction time deviation, response sensitivity, and response criterion) were analyzed. Results : There was no significant interaction effect between group (normal, ADHD) and intelligence (average, superior). But there was significant difference between normal group and ADHD group in omission error, commission error, reaction time deviation, and response sensitivity. Also average level IQ group had significantly showed more omission, greater reaction time deviation, and lower response sensitivity than superior level IQ group. Conclusion : ADHD group has attention deficit than normal group, and CPT is available tool to detect attention problems. These findings indicate that intelligence can contaminate inattention and cognitive impulsivity thus it compensates for attention deficit. And it suggests that intelligence effect is considered in analyzing CPT in ADHD children.