• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2008

Print-through is one of the most important attributes of print quality and has long been a subject to study. However, some aspects of print through are still in need to be enlighten. In this paper, different kinds of evaluating methods for print through are compared using densitometry, brightness, and image analysis. Printing conditions including ink feed, drying condition, and emulsification rate are systematically changed to effect print-through both on uncoated and coated commercial papers. Also several inks from different makers are introduced and compared in terms of print-through propensity. From the results, densitometry is not a good indicator for print through on the papers in this study. Ink feed has a strong effect on print through, especially for uncoated paper and should be considered in a point of optimum ink feed level in real world. Contribution of faster ink(oil) absorption seems to be more competitive than that of ink(oil) evaporation resulting in severer print-through for hot drying process. It is shown that ink-water emulsification rate increases print through at mild level but easy to decrease it with lower density due to the increase of water contents in emulsion. It is believed that the effect of absorption overwhelms that of density drop at mild emulsification level. This study does not include the effect of ink attributes in detail but shows that distinctive differences in print through may be resulted from various ink-makers and is finalized with some suggestions.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.497-501
• /
• 2015

Inkjet printing is a widespread technology, offering advantages such as high-quality decoration, a continuous process, and the accurate direct reproduction of patterns or pictures. In inkjet printing technology, the dispersion stability of ceramic ink is one of the most important factors. In this study, the dispersion stability of blue $CoAl_2O_4$ ink for ceramic inkjet printing is systematically investigated. Blue $CoAl_2O_4$ pigment was synthesized by a solid-state reaction and then milled to less than 300nm in size. In order to investigate the influence of the viscosity on the dispersion stability, two types of $CoAl_2O_4$ ceramic inks (termed here Blue L and Blue H) were prepared using different volume ratios of ethylene glycol and ethanol. The Blue L and Blue H ink solutions contained cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) as a dispersive agent. The viscosity, surface tension and jetting stability of the $CoAl_2O_4$ ceramic inks were analyzed using a rheometer, a surface tension meter and a dropwatcher. The dispersion stability of the $CoAl_2O_4$ ceramic ink was investigated by a multiple light-scattering method. Blue H, a ceramic ink with higher viscosity, showed much better dispersion stability than the Blue L ceramic ink.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제9권7호
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2018

최근의 VR 기술을 애니메이션 영역에 적용하는 것은 필연적인 추세로 보여진다. 이러한 VR 기술을 기존의 수묵애니메이션에 활용하면 평면적인 예술 작품이 새로운 서사방식과 시청각 언어를 갖추어 새로운 애니메이션 장르로 갖추게 될 것으로 보인다. 하지만 새로 개발하는 것이 아닌 기존의 평면적인 수묵 이미지를 360도 화면에 배치하기 위해서는 기술적으로 많은 어려움이 존재하는데 기존에 제작된 수묵 애니메이션의 배경 수묵 이미지에서 거리의 깊이에 따른 레이어 추출과 360도 공간에 이들을 깊이에 따른 곡면에 배치를 통해 VR 공간에 깊이감을 부여하는 VR수묵 애니메이션을 제작해 보려하였다. 본문에서는 기존의 수묵화 이미지에서 원경, 근경, 중경 레이어를 추출하는 과정에서 발생하는 문제점을 살펴보고 이를 해결하기 위한 접근 방법들을 찾아보고 제시해보려 하였다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제6권6호
• /
• pp.1054-1061
• /
• 2003

전자 잉크 데이터는 스타일러스 펜을 주된 입력 도구로 사용하는 PDA 등과 같은 펜 기반 컴퓨터의 개발로 출현한 멀티미디어 데이터이다. 최근 들어 펜 기반 모바일 컴퓨터의 발전과 보급은 전자 잉크 데이터 처리 기술에 대한 필요성을 증가시키고 있다. 본 논문에서는 펜 제스쳐 (pen gesture)를 허용하는 전자 잉크 에디터개발에 필요한 기술들을 연구하였다. 제스쳐와 잉크 데이터는 펜 기반 사용자 인터페이스의 가장 큰 특징중 하나이지만 아직 충분한 연구가 되지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 펜 제스쳐 구분을 위한 새로운 제스쳐 인식 알고리즘과 제스쳐 명령을 수행하기 위한 잉크 데이터의 분할 방법이 제안되었으며 제안된 방법들을 이용하여 제스쳐를 허용하는 전자 잉크 에디터 GesEdit를 개발하였다. 제스쳐 인식 알고리즘은 입력된 획의 여덟 가지 특징에 기반하고 있으며 전자 잉크 데이터를 GC(Gesture Components) 단위로 분할하는 방법은 볼록껍질(convex hull)과 입력 시간을 사용하였다. 열 명의 피실험자에 의해 수행된 다양한 실험 결과 아흡 가지 제스쳐들은 평균 99.6%의 인식률을 보여 주었다.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.441-456
• /
• 2016

This study considers the modern expression of oriental esthetics by analyzing the fashion design with the Chinese ink technique based on the concept of Chi-Yun-Sheng-Tung, which was regarded as the best rule of art creation in oriental history. This study was performed by conducting a literature review of related books and advanced studies, and then, collection analysis was done with photos derived from fashion websites (seoulfashionweek.org, chinafashionweek.org, vogue.com, firstview. com) from 2010 S/S to 2016 S/S. A total of 317 fashion photos of designs created using the Chinese ink technique by Korean designers at Seoul Fashion Week and Chinese designers at China Fashion Week were analyzed. The contemporary fashions created with the Chinese ink technique were characterized by, first, the bold brush strokes and natural spreading effects of Chinese ink, second, the emphasis of empty space by taking essential elements, and third, the coexistence of deep Chinese ink colors with modern primary colors. The formativeness of the contemporary fashions created with Chinese ink technique based on Chi-Yun-Sheng-Tung were as follows: first, temperance, pursuing spiritual and minimal expression, second, empty space, making design elements interact and pursue harmony, third, changeable rhythm, symbolizing the growth and variation revealing the power of life, and fourth, vitality, represented in the rhythmical movement of the brush. This study was based on the oriental esthetics inherent in Chi-Yun-Sheng-Tung, and it attempted to analyze contemporary fashion design. The aim was to show the possibility of modern applications to traditional values, and it can be a meaningful case in design planning based on culture.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.761-769
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUND: Bioprinting has recently appeared as a powerful tool for building complex tissue and organ structures. However, the application of bioprinting to regenerative medicine has limitations, due to the restricted choices of bio-ink for cytocompatible cell encapsulation and the integrity of the fabricated structures. METHODS: In this study, we developed hybrid bio-inks based on acrylated hyaluronic acid (HA) for immobilizing bio-active peptides and tyramine-conjugated hyaluronic acids for fast gelation. RESULTS: Conventional acrylated HA-based hydrogels have a gelation time of more than 30 min, whereas hybrid bio-ink has been rapidly gelated within 200 s. Fibroblast cells cultured in this hybrid bio-ink up to 7 days showed >90% viability. As a guidance cue for stem cell differentiation, we immobilized four different bio-active peptides: BMP-7-derived peptides (BMP-7D) and osteopontin for osteogenesis, and substance-P (SP) and Ac-SDKP (SDKP) for angiogenesis. Mesenchymal stem cells cultured in these hybrid bio-inks showed the highest angiogenic and osteogenic activity cultured in bio-ink immobilized with a SP or BMP-7D peptide. This bio-ink was loaded in a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting device showing reproducible printing features. CONCLUSION: We have developed bio-inks that combine biochemical and mechanical cues. Biochemical cues were able to regulate differentiation of cells, and mechanical cues enabled printing structuring. This multi-functional bio-ink can be used for complex tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2021

Natural dyes are more expensive than synthetic dyes and the dyeing process, which is mainly immersion of dye, is complicated. For this reason, relatively small-scale production methods were predominant. However, awareness and interest in environmental sustainability is rising globally, and the use of synthetic dyes causes various environmental problems such as wastewater and CO₂ emission, so the consumption of natural dyes is increasing. In addition, interest in digital textile printing, an eco-friendly dyeing method that can produce products of various designs and uses less water, is growing. In this study, natural indigo dye (Indigofera tinctoria) was used as a raw material for Digital Textile Printing ink, and ¹⁴C (Biocarbon) present in it was measured to confirm whether it was derived from natural ingredients. The performance was confirmed by testing the pH, viscosity, electrical conductivity, surface tension, and particle size analysis of natural indigo ink. In addition, the performance of natural indigo DTP ink and printing fabric was evaluated by inspecting the change in color fastness and corresponding index substances before and after digital printing with natural indigo DTP ink on textiles. Through this, the possibility of commercialization of DTP ink and printing fabric using natural indigo was confirmed.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제46권1호
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2023

Research and interest in sustainable printing are increasing in the packaging printing industry. Currently, predicting the amount of ink required for each work is based on the experience and intuition of field workers. Suppose the amount of ink produced is more than necessary. In this case, the rest of the ink cannot be reused and is discarded, adversely affecting the company's productivity and environment. Nowadays, machine learning models can be used to figure out this problem. This study compares the ink usage prediction machine learning models. A simple linear regression model, Multiple Regression Analysis, cannot reflect the nonlinear relationship between the variables required for packaging printing, so there is a limit to accurately predicting the amount of ink needed. This study has established various prediction models which are based on CART (Classification and Regression Tree), such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machine, and XGBoost. The accuracy of the models is determined by the K-fold cross-validation. Error metrics such as root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and R-squared are employed to evaluate estimation models' correctness. Among these models, XGBoost model has the highest prediction accuracy and can reduce 2134 (g) of wasted ink for each work. Thus, this study motivates machine learning's potential to help advance productivity and protect the environment.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.I
• /
• pp.811-813
• /
• 2005

Purpose-built ink jet printheads are being recognized as useful tools in manufacturing where precision deposition is required. Ink jet technology is a non-contact, non-contaminating digital process compatible with clean rooms. New manufacturing applications are driving printhead designs to smaller drops, increased productivity. This paper describes Dimatix's new tools designed to facilitate development of manufacturing processes for both rigid and flexible substrates and development of new electronic fluids.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.497-497
• /
• 2009

The acceptance of electrophoretic display technology as an important alternative to both paper publishing and conventional display readers has now been proven by both the diversity and quantity of new products on the market. The current E Ink display performance as well as the recent advances in this technology will be discussed.