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Une approche sur l' espace $anthropom\'{e}trique$ et l' espace $kinesth\'{e}sique$ (공간해석에 대한 인체지각론적 접근)

  • Lee Bong-Soon
    • Journal of Science of Art and Design
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    • v.3
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    • pp.33-61
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    • 2001
  • Dans les arts modernes, nous ressentons souvent un $probl\`{e}me$ $disloqu\'{e}par$ rapport aux humains. Ceci ne viendrait-il pas $peut-\^{e}tre$ do notre $pens\'{e}e$ dans l' $\'{e}change$ culturelle entre le monde et nous qui s' appuie trop une $temporalit\'{e}$ et logique? Cette $the\`{s}e$ approche ce $probl\`{e}me$ $\`{a}$ travers one perception anthropologique do monde, en $\'{e}tudiant$ les arts tridimensionnels avec ses $\'{e}schelles$ qui deviennes plus on plus agrandis. Maurice Merleau-Ponty, dans son livre 'la $ph\'{e}nom\'{e}nologie$ de la perception', bien $r\'{e}sumait$ une $intersubjectivit\'{e}$ entre l' espace et nous. Selon lui, l' homme prend conscience do la forme des objets avec son environnement parce quil est un corps on interaction avec eux. Donc nous $r\'{e}f\'{e}rons$ ce livre pour notre set. Et on essayera ici d' $\'{e}tudier$ le travail do Constantin Brancusi, de Alberto Giacometti, do Richard Serra et do quelques d' autres travaux d' artistes L' oeuvre do Brancusi 'la Colonne sans fin', la taille plus de 29 m, produit one impression sur le spectateur relativement $\grave{a}$ la forme continue et $r\'{e}p\'{e}t\'{e}e$ $\`{a}$ linfini de $mani\'{e}re$ unifome. La pratique de Giacometti qui tenait compte do son envergure et de la longueur do son corps ainsi que do distance et de la mesure do sos bras, Il $d\'{e}formait$ aussi les silhouettes et transformait les objects en les $\'{e}tirant$ dans la perspective. Rosalind Krauss parler $\`{a}$ loeuvre do Serra, dans son livre 'l' originalit de lavant-garde et sutres mythes modernistes' (pp. 319-333), le spectateur est toujours on mouvement on liaison entre l' horizon do corps et celui do monde. Cette $transitivit\'{e}$ abstraite $r\'{e}ciproque$ entre le regardeur et le $regard\'{e}$, qui est comme le sujet de nombreuses oeuvres do Serra. Cependant le Maximalisme est $\`{a}$ l' origine Minimalisme qui s' $\'{e}tend$ dans ses efforts $th\'{e}oriques$ jusqu' au l' espace architecturale. Ces sculptures do grandes dimensions so situent autour de $b\^{a}timent$ ou dans lespace environnementale, comme ils sent l' architecture et le paysage. On suppose ici, leurs concepts de l' espace $\'{e}largit$ $\`{a}$ celui d' architecture. La sculpture et l' architecture $r\'{e}ciproque$ l' espace tridimensionnel entre eux, mais selon l' argument do Herbert Read pour la distinction de ces deux arts originaux sont, deux saisies de l' espace, ici englobant, $l\`{a}$ $englob\'{e}$. On $\'{e}tudie$ dans co set de concept de l' espace et de l' $\'{e}chelle$ d' objet par rapport au corps humain.

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Comparison of Two Conditional Connectives -(u)myen and -ta/la-myen in Korean

  • Yeom, Jae-Il
    • Language and Information
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.137-161
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, I will look at two conditional connectives in Korean and point out differences between -(u)myen and -ta/la-myen in their distributions and semantics. One of the differences is that -ta/la-myen always allows epistemic interpretation, whereas -(u)myen allows epistemic interpretation only when the event time of the antecedent clause is in the past or present. A second difference is that only -(u)myen is used in purely temporal and habitual conditionals. A third difference is that the modality marker -keyss, which can have volitional or predictive interpretation with -(u)myen, cannot have predictive interpretation with -ta/la-myen. I propose that -ta/la-myen has the operator of settledness, which is defined with respect to the speech time, and explain the differences listed based on the semantics of settledness.

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Proteomic Approach to Study the Antioxidant Activities of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on HeLa Cells (산약(山藥)의 항산화 작용에 대한 단백질체 분석 연구)

  • Yang, Jeong-Min;Lee, Ji-Hyung;Sung, Jung-Suk;Kim, Dong-Il
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.108-124
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study was examined to verify the anti-oxidative effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on HeLa cells by proteomic approach. Methods: Aqueous extract was used to treat HeLa cell with different concentrations treated with water or MeOH extract of Dioscoreae Rhizoma. HeLa cells were co-treated with $H_2O_2$ and Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts. Proteomics was done to identify, characterize, and quantitate proteins expressed in HeLa cells treated by $H_2O_2$ and Dioscoreae Rhizoma. Results: When HeLa cells were Co-treated with $H_2O_2$ and Dioscoreae batatas extracts, 16 proteins identified by 2-DE and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and database search. PRDX, HSP27 was major proteins of antioxidant effect by Dioscoreae batatas. Conclusion: Our results suggest that Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts induce antioxidant effects by regulating proteins such as PRDX, HSP27.

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Effects of Longanae Arillus Water Extract on Inflammatory Response and Cytokines in Mouse Macrophage Cells (용안육(龍眼肉) 물추출물이 대식세포의 염증반응과 Cytokine에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Mi-Rim;Lim, Eun-Mee
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Longanae Arillus water extract (LA) on the production of inflammatory mediators in RAW 264.7 cell. LA is used for forgetfulness, insomnia, palpitation symptoms in korean medicine. Methods: In order to evaluate cytotoxicity of LA, cell viability was measured. To investigate anti-inflammatory effects of LA in the lipopolysacharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cell, the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines were measured. And when p-value is below 0.05, it is judged to have the significant difference statistically. Results: 1. LA showed no cytotoxicity. 2. LA inhibited significantly the production on NO at the concentration of 50 and $200{\mu}g/ml$. 3. LA inhibited significantly the production on interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ at the concentration of 25, 50, 100 and $200{\mu}g/ml$. 4. LA inhibited significantly the production on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ at the concentration of 50, 100 and $200{\mu}g/ml$. 5. LA inhibited significantly the production on lipopolysaccharide-induced chemokine (LIX) at the concentration of 25, 100 and $200{\mu}g/ml$. 6. LA inhibited significantly the production on regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) at the concentration of $200{\mu}g/ml$. Conclusions: These results suggest that LA has anti-inflammatory effect.

Study on the Selective CO Oxidation Using $La_xCe_{1-x}Co_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ Perovskite Catalysts ($La_xCe_{1-x}Co_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ Perovskite촉매의 선택적 CO 산화반응에 관한 연구)

  • Kang, Dae-Kyu;Lee, Young-Il;Sohn, Jung-Min
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.32-39
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    • 2007
  • CO oxidation and selective CO oxidation of $La_xCe_{1-x}Co_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ perovskite(x=1, 0.9, 0.7. 0.5; y=1, 0.9, 0.7, 0.5) were investigated. For CO oxidation, catalytic activities were studied according to different preparation conditions such as pH and calcination temperature. The influence of the change of the $O_2$ concentration for selective CO oxidation was studied, too. The substitution of Ce for La improved the catalytic activity for CO oxidation and selective CO oxidation and best activity was observed for $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ prepared at pH 11 and calcined at $600^{\circ}C$. The temperature of 90% CO conversion for CO oxidation using $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ was $230^{\circ}C$. In contrast to the enhancement effect by Ce substitution, the partial substitution of Cu for Co in $LaCo_yCu_{1-y}O_{3-{\alpha}}$ decreased catalytic activities for CO oxidation reaction compared to that using $LaCoO_3$. For selective CO oxidation, the best CO conversion was 66% at $230^{\circ}C$ for $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$. The CO conversion of $La_{0.7}Ce_{0.3}CoO_3$ was greatly increased from 66% to 91% as increasing $O_2$ concentration from 1% to 2%.

$\acute{E}$tude du Processus de Morphogen$\grave{e}$se de l'$\hat{I}$le Rocheuse de Baek dans la Ville de Yeosu en Cor$\acute{e}$edu Sud (여수시 백도의 지형형성과정에 대한 고찰)

  • Lee, Jeong Hun
    • Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.627-640
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    • 2013
  • Cette $\acute{e}$tude a pour objet d'analyser le processus de morphogen$\grave{e}$se de l'$\hat{I}$le rocheuse de Baek. Nous y voyons une cl$\acute{e}$ pour apprendre son relief marin et le processus de morphogen$\grave{e}$se des l'$\hat{I}$les m$\acute{e}$ridionales de Cor$\acute{e}$e du Sud. Le granit porphorique qui compose l'$\hat{I}$le rocheuse de Baek est une roche magmatique qui s'est form$\acute{e}$e il y a 60 million d'ann$\acute{e}$es. La cause principale de formation de l'$\hat{I}$le rocheuse de Baek, est une ligne de d$\acute{e}$lit vers le NE-SO et l'ENE-OSO, un soul$\grave{e}$vement de la plaque tectonique et une $\acute{e}$rosion par les vagues. L'$\hat{I}$le rocheuse de Baek pr$\acute{e}$sente un caract$\grave{e}$re d'$\acute{e}$ruption de magma de calc-alcalin par analyse g$\acute{e}$ochimique de son granit porphorique et fait partie du granit de l'arc volcanique. Il s'agit d'un magma qui s'est form$\acute{e}$ dans la subduction pr$\grave{e}$s du continent. Il est aussi n$\acute{e}$ssaire d'examiner un soul$\grave{e}$vement qui est plus $\acute{e}$lev$\acute{e}$ qu' un mouvement ascendant de la surface de la mer $\grave{a}$ l'$\grave{e}$re quaternaire environ de l'$\hat{I}$le rocheuse de Baek malgr$\acute{e}$ que, selon nous, nous y trouvions une faille et une terrasse marine.

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La signification du dépassement de soi dans le Thomisme (토미즘의 인간적 행위에서 '자기초월'의 의미)

  • Lee, Myung-Gon
    • Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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    • v.105
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    • pp.49-74
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    • 2008
  • Le but de notre recherche est $d^{\prime}{\acute{e}}clairer$ la nature du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi aux actes humaines dnas le Thomisme. Dans le Thomisme la nature humaine qui a la raison et la $volont{\acute{e}}$ a une $intentionnalit{\acute{e}}$ ver la fin ultime. De sorte que les actes humaines qui $corr{\grave{e}}spondent$ cette nature humaine a un $caract{\grave{e}}re$ du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi visant toujours plus que le $pr{\acute{e}}sent$. Le fondement de cet acte du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi est $l^{\prime}{\hat{a}}me$ rationelle qui est la forme substantielle de l'homme et de soi subsistante. Chez st. Thomas ce $caract{\grave{e}}re$ du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ a trois ${\acute{e}}taps$ distinctes : (1)le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ dans l'ordre du $progr{\grave{e}}s$ naturel (2)le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi dans l'ordre morale (3)le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi dans l'ordre de la religion. Le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ dans l'ordre du $progr{\grave{e}}s$ naturel apparaît d'abord au $caract{\grave{e}}re$ de $l^{\prime}{\hat{a}}me$ rationelle. St. Thomas $d{\acute{e}}finit$ les vertus rationelles comme $^{\prime}pl{\acute{e}}nitude$ dans le $f{\acute{e}}blesse$, parce qu'il $consid{\grave{e}}re$ la vertu rationelle comme $finalit{\acute{e}}$ des $facult{\acute{e}}s$ du sens $ext{\acute{e}}rieur$. L'homme par le sens $ext{\acute{e}}rieur$ reçoit des $esp{\grave{e}}ces$ sensibles(especies sensibilis), et $poss{\grave{e}}de$ les images. Puis cette images sensible devenant la $r{\acute{e}}alit{\acute{e}}$ spirituelle sous forme du $m{\acute{e}}moire$ et du souvenir, devient aussi la partie de son existence. Donc chez st. Thomas la vertue rationnelle n'est pas simplement un $facult{\acute{e}}$ $sp{\acute{e}}culative$, mais elle est dans l'ordre du devenir et du $pl{\acute{e}}nitude$. A cette raison st. Thomas compare la raison(ratio) comme $g{\acute{e}}n{\acute{e}}ration$(generatio) et l'intelleigence(intellectus) comme ${\hat{e}}tre$(esse). C'est-${\grave{a}}$-dire la raison $d{\acute{e}}passe$ le sensible et l'intelligence $d{\acute{e}}passe$ la raison. Le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi dans l'ordre morale $li{\acute{e}}$ au $progr{\grave{e}}s$ de la conscience. Chez st. Thomas la perception de l'objet $ext{\acute{e}}rieur$ ayant pour but d'avoir conscience de soi, se perfectionne ${\grave{a}}$ ceci. D'avoir conscience de soi signifie d'avoir $l^{\prime}identit{\acute{e}}$ de soi, et de-$l{\grave{a}}$ apparaît l'acte moral en tnat qu'acte $sp{\acute{e}}cifique$ humain. La raison pour laquelle la vie morale elle-$m{\hat{e}}me$ a un $caract{\grave{e}}$ du $d{\acute{e}}passement$, c'est que l'acte humaine qui corresfonde ${\grave{a}}$ $l^{\prime}identit{\acute{e}}$ du soi est une vie qui vise toujours plus que le $pr{\acute{e}}sent$ ou $l^{\prime}id{\acute{e}}al$. Quant au problem du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ dans l'ordre de la religion, chez st. Thomas en raison de $l^{\prime}affinit{\acute{e}}$ entre Dieu et l'homme, $o{\grave{u}}$ il y a des vertues infuses(virtutes infusas), il y a une sorte du $d{\acute{e}}passement$ religieux. Car ces vertues infuses signifie la communication entre Dieu(${\hat{E}}tre$ absolu) et l'homme(${\hat{e}}tre$ fine) et cela signifie le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de l'humain vers le divin. Cette $id{\acute{e}}e$ thomiste permet de penser que $o{\grave{u}}$ il y a un $d{\acute{e}}passement$ de soi dans la vie religuse d'une personne, il y a une intervention $r{\acute{e}}elle$ de la providence divine. Cette $pens{\acute{e}}e$ thomiste sera alors un $caract{\grave{e}}$ $r{\acute{e}}aliste$ face ${\grave{a}}$ la $pens{\acute{e}}e$ $id{\acute{e}}aliste$ qui n'admette que le $d{\acute{e}}passement$ absolu comme $d{\acute{e}}passement$ religieux.

The Cell Protective Effects of Dioscoreae Rhizoma by Antioxidant Activities on HeLa Cells (HeLa cell에서 산약(山藥)의 항산화 작용을 통한 세포보호효과에 대한 연구)

  • Yang, Jeong-Min;Jun, Yung-Joon;Nam, Ju-Young;Son, Mi-Young;Sung, Jung-Suk;Kim, Dong-Il
    • The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.97-107
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study is to examine antioxidant activities of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on HeLa cell Methods: Aqueous extract was used to treat HeLa cell with different concentrations treated with water or MeOH extract of Dioscoreae batatas (0, x10, x20, x40, x80). The MTT reduction assay and flow cytometric analysis was employed to quantify the differences in cell activity and viability. Results: Co-treatment with $H_2O_2$ and Dioscoreae batatas extracts reduced apoptosis of HeLa cells by decreasing G2/M arrest. Dioscoreae batatas extracts increased the survival rate of cells treated with cisplatin and Scutellaria barbata. Conclusion: Our results suggest that Dioscoreae Rhizoma extracts induce cell protective effect by antioxidant activities.

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Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) content in HeLa cells is correlated to Shiga toxin-induced cytotoxicity and Gb3 synthase expression

  • Shin, In-Sun;Ishii, Satoshi;Shin, Jong-Seo;Sung, Kyong-Il;Park, Byung-Sung;Jang, Hyun-Yong;Kim, Byong-Wan
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.310-314
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    • 2009
  • Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) are the proposed functional receptors for Shiga toxin (Stx). To elucidate the effect of Gb3 content on Stx-induced cytotoxicity in HeLa cells, we cloned HeLa cells and determined the correlation between glycolipids content and Stx-induced cytotoxicity. The 29 HeLa cell clone (HLCC) lines used showed a wide range of sensitivity to Stx, compared to Gb3-rich cells which were more sensitive, showing as little as 20% viability to 100 pg/ml Stx. In contrast, Gb3-deficient cells proved resistant as they were more than 80% viable to 100 ng/ml Stx. Gb3 content in the HLCC lines corresponded with Stxs-induced cytotoxicity as well as Gb3 synthase expression, but no correlation with Gb4 content was noted. These data show that Gb3 content, which is regulated by the expression of Gb3 synthase, determines the sensitivity of HeLa cells toward Stx.

Ferroelectric properties of $Bi_{3.25}La_{0.75}Ti_3O_{12}/LaNiO_3$ thin films prepared by metalorganic decomposition method (MOD법으로 제작한 $Bi_{3.25}La_{0.75}Ti_3O_{12}/LaNiO_3$ 박막의 강유전 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Tae;Kim, Chang-Il;Kim, Tae-Hyung;Lee, Cheol-In
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2003.11a
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    • pp.352-355
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    • 2003
  • [ $Bi_{3.25}La_{0.75}Ti_3O_{12}$ ] (BLT) thin films were prepared by using metal organic decomposition method onto the LaNiO3 (LNO) bottom electrode. Both the structure and morphology of the films were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Even at low temperatures ranging from 450 to $650^{\circ}C$, the BLT thin films were successfully deposited on LNO bottom electrode and exhibited (117) orientation. The BLT thin films annealed as low as $600^{\circ}C$ showed excellent ferroelectricity, higher remanent polarization and no significant degradation of switching charge at least up to $5{\times}10^9$ switching cycles at a frequency of 100 kHz and 5 V. For the annealing temperature of $600^{\circ}C$, the remanent polarization $P_r$ and coercive field were $23.5\;{\mu}C/cm^2$ and 120 kV/cm, respectively.

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