• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hangamdan(抗癌丹). The clinical study was carried out 320 cases of patients with cancer treated by Hangamdan(抗癌丹) from May 1st 1998 to September 1st 1999. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The effects of improvement in the symptoms with traditional oriental cancer therapy(47.6%) were higher than combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(37.4%). 2. In the analysis of hematology, maintenance and increasing of WBC(86.2%), Hgb(87.2%), P1atelet(97.6%) RBC(81.1%) were observed. In the analyses of tumor marker, maintenance and decreasing of CEA(76%), CA19-9(88.8%), AFP(69.2%) were observed. 3. In the analysis of safety, maintenance and decreasing of AST(93.1%), ALT(95%), BUN(92.2%), Creatinine(93.6%) were observed. 4. In the analysis of QOL attached by cancer, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance and improvement; 91.8%) was higher than traditional oriental cancer therapy(maintenance and improvement; 79.3%) 5. In the analysis of survival in patients with terminal cancer, above 6 months(46.3%), 12 months(19.2%). 6. In the analysis of antitumor effects, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance 71.6% improvement 12.8%) was higher than traditional oriental therapy (maintenance 66.7% improvement 9.5%). 7. In the analysis of curative evaluation, combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(maintenance 40.4% improvement 41.8%) was higher than traditional oriental therapy (maintenance 23.8% improvement 46.1%). 8. In the analysis of IL-12 and IFN-$\gamma$ attached by cancer, increasing of IL-12(32.3%), IFN-$\gamma$(41.5%) were observed. From the above results, it is suggested that Hangamdan has significant effects of antitumor and immune activity, also could be usefully applied for cancer patients by combination with western therapy or alone.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.679-689
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the efficiency of subjective assessment that exams the subjective symptom of patients with back pain at the department of physical therapy. To assess the subjective symptom, we used the pain questionnaire using visual analogue scale(VAS) that was developed by Wang on 1995. Questionnaires were administered to 31 adult patients(male : 11, female: 20) with herniated lumbar disk(13), low back pain(8), myofascial pain syndrom(5), lumbar strain(4), ankylosing spondylitis(1). Mean age was 36.3 ranged from 28 to 65. The results of this study were as follows: 1) In each of 15 subjects, there was a significant decrease in VAS between pre-and post-treatment(p < 0.05 -p<0.001). 2) Mean VAS of total subjects was $6.26{\pm}2.55$ in pre-treatment, $4.50{\pm}2.47$ in post-treatment(p < 0.001). The result of this study was shown efficiency of pain management by subjective assessment. The continuous study is needed for many interesting issue of pain management using VAS.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.121-131
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• 2001

Clinical studies were carried out 62 cases of patients with lung cancer treated by Hangamdan(抗癌丹) from January 1th 1998 to September 30th 2000. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Distribution of those attached by lung cancer, by sex, showed that Male is more then Female, by age, showed that the number of sixties is majority. 2. Distribution of diagnostic stage, in descending order; stage IV(43.6%,top), stage III(35.5%), stage II(17.7%), stage I(3.2%). 3. The effects of maintenance and improvement in the symptoms with traditional oriental therapy(83.3%) and combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(84.0%) were observed. The effects of the symptoms were as follows; cough(50.0%), anorexia(48.4%), chest discomfort(31.0%), sputum(24.2%), general body weakness(11.3%), hemoptysis(9.7%) and etc. in orders. 4. Analysis of hematology attached by lung cancer, maintenance and increasing of WBC(98.4%), RBC(74.2%), Hgb(71.0%), Platelet(96.7%) were observed. After taken Hangamdan, the safety of the liver and kidney were as follows; maintenance and decreasing of AST(91.5%), ALT(93.2%), ${\gamma}-GTP$(95.0%), BUN(82.7%), Creatinine(93.3%) were observed. 5. Analysis of IL-12 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ attached by lung cancer, increasing of IL-12(31.3%), $IFN-{\gamma}$(72.7%) were observed. 6. Analysis of QOL attached by lung cancer, maintenance and improvement of combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(94.0%), traditional oriental therapy(91.7%) were observed. 7. Analysis of survival in patients with IV stage of lung cancer, above 7 months(22.2%), 12 months(70.4%). 8. Analysis of antitumor effects, maintenance of traditional oriental therapy(50.0%) and maintenance and improvement of combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(80.0%) were observed. 9. Analysis of curative valuation, maintenance and improvement of traditional oriental therapy(50.0%), combined treatment of western and oriental therapy(60.0%) were observed. From the above results, it is suggested that Hangamdan has significant effects of antitumor and immune activity, also could be usefully applied for lung cancer patients by combination with western therapy or alone.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.309-314
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• 2002

Recombinant interleukin-2(IL-2) has demonstrated as an antineoplastic agent in mice and human, but the relatively low response rates observed in clinical trials. Therefore, the present study was undertaken in order to evaluate therapeutic activities of IL-2 for the establishment of therapeutic applications. At the onset of the experiment, normal C3H/HeN mice were injected with 5$\times$10$\^$6/ RD-995 tumor cells, murine ultraviolet radiation-induced fibrosarcoma, intraperitoneally. Beginning on day 6, experimental groups were treated with a 5-day course of IL-2(subcutaneous injection of 30,000 IU every 12 hours for 5 days). The result of this experiment revealed that body weight gradually decreased from 20th day in control mice. Subcutaneous IL-2 therapy prevented partially decrease body weight, and prolonged survival of mice compared with control group.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.105-112
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• 1995

This study was designed to investigate the efficiency of subjective assessment that exams the subjective symptom of patients with back pain at the department of physical therapy. To assess the subjective symptom, we used the pain questionnaire using visual analogue scale (VAS) that was developed by Wang on 1995. Questionnaires were administered to 31 adult patients(male : 11, female : 20) with herniated lumbar disk(13), low back pain(8), myofascial pain syndrom(5), lumbar strain(4), ankylosing spondylitis(1). Mean age was 36.3 ranged from 20 to 65. The results of this study were as follows : 1) In each of 15 subjects, there was a significant decrease in VAS between pre- and post-treatment(p<0.05). 2) Mean VAS of total subjects was $6.26{\pm}2.55$ in pre-treatment, $4.50{\pm}2.47$ in post-treatment (p<0.001). Result of this study was shown efficiency of pain management by subjective assessment. The continuous study is needed for many interesting illue of pain management using VAS.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.993-999
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• 2008

Ischemic brain injury such as cerebral infarction is characterized by acute local inflammatory response mediated by cytokines. The mechanism of cytokines involved in cerebral infarction progression are uncompletely revealed yet. We investigated to find out the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin 4 receptor(IL4R) and Oriental Medicine therapy efficacy in patients with cerebral infarction for 2 weeks. Oriental Korean Medicine therapies (herbal medicine and acupuncture) were applied daily and motor functions of patients were assessed using the modified cerebral vascular accident (MCVA) scores. Genotyping for IL4R polymorphism was done by pyrosequencing analysis. In IL4R genotypes and the frequency of alleles, there was no significant difference between cerebral infarction patients (n=124) and controls group (n=175). And there was also no significant difference among good and bad responders in cerebral infarction patients. In this study the IL4R genotype might not be the risk factor or a good predictive genetic marker for good and bad responders in cerebral infarction patients in Korean. Further studies including different cytokine genes will be necessary for the exact genetic markers.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.193-208
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical effects of cupping therapy on sleep disorders induced by traffic accidents. Methods : The 46 patients were divided into 2 groups : Exp.group was treated with cupping therapy at bedtime and Con.group was treated except cupping therapy at bedtime. To evaluate the efficiency of cupping therapy, the SMH sleep questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 7 days treatment. Results : 1. The Exp.group has improved statistical significantly in delaying bedtime and bedtime arousal as compared to the Con.group. 2. The Exp.group was increased in total sleep time but had no statistical significance as compared to the Con.group. 3. The Exp.group was improved in subjective evaluation of satisfaction with sleep, depth of sleep, the overall sleep and difficulty in falling asleep. Conclusions : Cupping therapy at bedtime has clinical effects of improvement of sleep disorder induced by traffic accidents.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2010

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effect of differing ground contact conditions on the eletromyographic(EMG) activity in rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis during step-up activity in patients with hemiparesis. Methods : 10 hemiparetic patients performed step-up activity on three different ground contact conditions: entire ground contact, 2/3 ground contact, 1/3 groud contact. Result : The EMG activities of gastrocnemius medialis significantly changed on 1/3 ground contact(p<.05). However, no significant changed rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior between three differing ground contact conditions (p>.05). Conclusion : This study provides that EMG activities of gastrocnemius medialis significantly changed on different ground contacts. Therefore, this method can be used to strengthen the gastrocnemius medialis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) has been detected in approximately 10% of cases of Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children, and exhibits a poor response to initial steroid therapy, as well as a higher rate of progression to chronic renal failure and relapse after kidney transplantation. We describe a case of an eleven year-old boy with steroid-resistant FSGS who exhibited a response to a second trial of cyclosporin h(CsA) therapy. At the age of 26 months, this patient was diagnosed with steroid-resistant FSGS. For 9 years, he had undergone a gauntlet of therapies to induce remission; oral steroids, cyclophosphamide, methylprednisolone(mehyIPd) pulse therapy, CsA, and ibuprofen therapy. Although these therapies failed to induce remission, the patient's renal function remained In the normal range during the nine years of treatment. At the age of ten years, the patient's proteinuria decreased, and complete remission was attained with a second administration of CsA, coupled with a low dose of oral steroids. This patient continues to receive CsA without relapse. Therefore, our major concern involves the possibility of relapse after the discontinuation of CsA therapy Our findings in this case suggest that, in cases of refractory FSGS, if renal insufficiency does not emerge, aggressive therapy for the amelioration of proteinuria should be continuously pursued.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.44 no.1 s.137
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• pp.55-61
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• 2006

For treating Leishmania major infection in BALB/c mice, we used thalidomide in conjunction with glucantime. Groups of mice were challenged with $5{\time}10^3$ metacyclic promastigotes of L. major subcutaneously. A week after the challenge, drug treatment was started and continued for 12 days. Thalidomide was orally administrated 30 mg/kg/day and glucantime was administrated intraperitoneally (200 mg/kg/day). It was shown that the combined therapy is more effective than single therapies with each one of the drugs since the foot pad swelling in the group of mice received thalidomide and glucantime was significantly decreased (0.9 :t 0.2 mm) compared to mice treated with either glucantime, thalidomide, or carrier alone (1.2 :t 0.25, 1.4 :t 0.3, and 1.7 :t 0.27 mm, respectively). Cytokine study showed that the effect of thalidomide was not dependent on IL-12; however, it up-regulated IFN-yand down-regulated IL-10 production. Conclusively, thalidomide seems promising as a conjunctive therapy with antimony in murine model of visceral leishmaniasis.