• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2009

Angiotensin II (Ang II) plays an important role in vascular hypertension. The role of the chemokine CCL5 on Ang II-induced activities in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has not been studied. In this study, we elucidated the effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-lipoxygenase (LO) expression and cell proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) VSMCs. CCL5 decreased Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression and protein production, and it increased Ang II type 2 ($AT_2$) receptor expression in SHR VSMCs. The inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced 12-LO mRNA expression was mediated through the $AT_2$ receptor. Although treatment of CCL5 alone induced SHR VSMCs proliferation, CCL5 inhibited Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation and PD123,319, an $AT_2$ receptor antagonist, blocked the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation. Phosphorylation of p38 was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II or CCL5 alone. But, decrease of p38 phosphorylation was detected in VSMCs treated with Ang II and CCL5 simultaneously (Ang II/CCL5) and PD123,319 increased p38 phosphorylation in VSMCs treated with Ang II/CCL5. Therefore, these results suggest that the inhibitory effect of CCL5 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation is mediated by the $AT_2$ receptor via p38 inactivation, and CCL5 may play a beneficial role in Ang II-induced vascular hypertension.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1080-1087
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• 2005

By screening specific genes related to the muscle growth of swine using cDNA microarray technology, a total of 5 novel genes (GF (growth factor) I, II, III, IV and V) were identified. Results of southern blotting to investigate the number of copies of these genes in the genome of swine indicated that GF I, GF III, and GF V existed as one copy and GF II, and GF IV existed as more than two copies. It was suggested that there are many isoforms of these genes in the genome of swine. Also, results of northern blotting to investigate whether these genes were expressed in grown muscle, using GF I, III, and V indicated that all the genes were much more expressed in the muscle of swine with body weight of 90 kg. Expression patterns of these genes in other organs, namely muscle and propagation and fat tissues, were investigated by extracting RNA from the tissues. These genes were not expressed in the propagation and fat tissues, but were expressed in the muscle tissue. To determine the mechanism of muscle growth, further studies should be preceded using the 3 specific genes related to muscle growth, that is GF I, III, and V.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of lowintensity resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction on muscle activity and muscle fatigue to determine if such a combination may be an alternative to high-intensity resistance exercise in maintaining the muscle mass and strength and preventing degenerative loss of skeletal muscle and to provide basic data for presenting the effectiveness of exercise. METHODS: The interventions were provided for five weeks, four sessions a week, once a day, 60 minutes a session to Experimental group I (n = 13), in which low-intensity resistance exercise was applied by combining blood flow restriction with the biceps curl and experimental group II (n = 12), in which only high-intensity resistance exercise was applied. As a pre-test, the biceps brachii muscle activity and fatigue were measured by surface electromyography, and the hemodynamic variables, such as blood pressure and heart rate, were measured. The post-test was performed identically to the pre-test and compared and analyzed with the pre-test. RESULTS: A significant difference within-group was observed in the biceps brachii muscle activity and fatigue in experimental group I and only in biceps brachii activity in experimental group II. No significant differences were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Since the low-intensity resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction has similar effects to high-intensity resistance exercise, it is considered an alternative for improving muscle function in groups unable to perform high-intensity resistance exercise.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to provide the effective method for exercise therapy in soccer player. Methods : 30 soccer players were recruited for subjects. The subjects were divided to dynamic stretching exercise combined tDCS (Group I), dynamic stretching exercise combined Sham-tDCS (Group II) of which 15 subjects were randomly allocated. The subjects were given 3 hour of soccer skill and performance and additionally given 20 minutes of dynamic stretching exercise combined tDCS and sham-tDCS for each group, five times a week, for 6 weeks. Their muscle activity and jump performance were analyzed before the intervention. After 6 weeks of the intervention, the mentioned parameters were measured once more for between-group analysis. Results : Comparative analysis of the muscle activity and jump performance between the groups I and groups II showed statistically significant difference. Conclusion : Such results revealed that dynamic stretching exercise combined with tDCS is effective in muscle activity and jump performance. Based on the current study, more effective program is to be proposed for neurologic and musculoskelectal disorder as well as soccer player. Based on the current study, studies that incorporates various combine of variable is required for development of effective tDCS program.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 1996

본 연구의 목적은 T-Scan system과 근전도를 이용하여 정상교합자와 과개교합자의 최대교합력과 근활성도간의 상관관계를 조사하기 위함이다. 연구대상은 두 집단으로 구성 되었다. 한 집단은 20명의 정상교합자이고 다른 집단은 30명의 과개교합자이다. 과개교합자는 Class I deepbite(9명의 남자와 7명의 여자)와 Class II div. 1 deepbite(8명의 남자와 6명의 여자)로 구성되었다. 이 연구로부터 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 최대교합력은 정상교합군에서 155.93 N, I급 과개교합군에서 165.11 N, II 1류 과개교합군에선 111.55 N이었으며, II급 1류 과개교합군의 최대교합력은 정상교합군에 비해 유의성 있게 낮았다(P<0.01). 2. 정상교합군과 과개교합군 모두에서 치야접촉점이 증가할수록 교합력은 증가하였다(표 3). 3. 최대교합시 II급 1류 과개교합군의 교근 및 전측두근의 근활성도는 전상교합군에 비해 현저히 낮았고(P<0.01),모든 군에서 교근의 활성도가 전측두근보다 높았다(P<0.05). 4. 모든 군에서 교합력과 근활성도, 치아접촉점의 수와 근활성도는 높은 상관관계를 보였다(표 5).

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.917-925
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• 2017

Whey protein, a by-product of milk curdling, exhibits diverse biological activities and is used as a dietary supplement. However, its effects on stress-induced vascular aging have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we found that whey protein significantly inhibited the Ang II-primed premature senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In addition, we observed a marked dose- and time-dependent increase in SIRT1 promoter activity and mRNA in VSMCs exposed to whey protein, accompanied by elevated SIRT1 protein expression. Ang II-mediated repression of SIRT1 level was dose-dependently reversed in VSMCs treated with whey protein, suggesting that SIRT1 is involved in preventing senescence in response to this treatment. Furthermore, resveratrol, a well-defined activator of SIRT1, potentiated the effects of whey protein on Ang II-primed premature senescence, whereas sirtinol, an inhibitor of SIRT1, exerted the opposite. Taken together, these results indicated that whey protein-mediated upregulation of SIRT1 exerts an anti-senescence effect, and can thus ameliorate Ang II-induced vascular aging as a dietary supplement.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2002

This study was conducted to determine whether low intensity regular exercise following steroid treatment could attenuate steroid-induced muscle atrophy. Thirty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats weighing $165{\sim}175g$ were divided into six groups ; control group(C), dexamethasone administration group(D), sedentary normal saline administration group(C+Se), exercise after normal saline administration group(C+Ex), sedentary group after dexamethasone administration(D+Se), exercise group after dexamethasone administration(D+Ex). Either dexamethasone(5mg/kg) or normal saline was injected for 7days accordingly. Exercise was started at 10m/min on the $10^{\circ}$ grade treadmill and gradually increased up to 15m/min by the 7th day for 60minutes/day($20min{\times}3$). The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test using the SPSS WIN 9.0 program. Body weight, muscle weight and myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius, Type I, II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris, and Type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius in D group were significantly lower than those of C group(p<0.05) respectively. Hindlimb muscle weight, myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius. Type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area of soleus and Type I, II muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris in D+Ex group tended to increase compared to those of D+Se group. Myofibrillar protein content of both plantaris and gastrocnemius, Type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area of plantaris in D+Ex group tended to increase compared to those of C+Se group. Based on these results, it is suggested that regular low-intensity exercise during recovery period after steroid treatment might facilitate the recovery from steroid-induced muscle atrophy.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Kinesio taping(KT) on the maximal power and muscle activity of erector spinae. 30 male subjects were allocated in this study and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All subjects were measured for maximal power of trunk extensors and muscle activities of iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus, and multifidus between pre and post experiment. Maximal power was calculated using a dynamometer(Power Track II, JTECH medical, USA), and muscle activities were calculated using a surface EMG(MP150 BIOPAC System Inc. CA. USA). Maximal power of trunk extensor showed no significant difference between pre and post intervention in both groups(p>0.05). Muscle activity of iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus, and multifidus showed no significant difference between pre and post intervention(p>0.05). Finally, there was no significant difference between Experimental and control group in maximal power and muscle activity of trunk extensor. These study results suggested that KT did not affect increase or decrease in maximal power and muscle activities of trunk extensor.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of anorexia induced by consecutive low-dose and high-dose of cisplatin (CDDP) on the hindlimb muscles of rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three groups: Control group (C) received a saline (the same dose and duration as the low CDDP group), the high-dose cisplatin (High CDDP) group received a single 5 mg/kg dose of cisplatin, the consecutive low-dose cisplatin (Low CDDP) group had 1 mg/kg of cisplatin administered for five consecutive days. On the 8th day the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were dissected. Body weight, food intake, activity, muscle weight, Type I, II fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) of the dissected muscles were measured. Results: Body weight, food intake, muscle weight and Type I, II fiber CSA of the High CDDP and Low CDDP groups were significantly less than the C group. The High CDDP group showed significant decreases, compared to the Low CDDP group, in body weight, food intake, activity score, muscle weight and Type I, II fiber CSA. Conclusion: Hindlimb muscle atrophy occurs due to anorexia induced by both consecutive low-dose and high-dose cisplatin. The muscle atrophy induced by consecutive low-dose cisplatin is less apparent than high-dose cisplatin.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.489-500
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• 1999

The fatty acid composition of muscle were investigated to compare muscle composition among the 9 domestic animals including cattle. In major domestic animals, analyzed the effects of age, part and sex of the animal on their fatty acid composition. The content of 4 types of major fatty acids of muscle was determined and calculated their ratio. Myristic acid and palmitic acid levels were high in chicken and sheep. Besides dog muscle contained a lot of stearic acid. Linoleic acid content showed evident difference in the content depending on the animal species. The ratios of linoleic acid/palmitic acid (L/P ratio) and linoleic acid/stearic acid(L/S ratio) were characteristically high in horse and pig, whereas the ratio of palmitic acid/stearic acid(P/S ratio) was $0.71{\pm}0.17$, showing very low level in dog. As for the content of stearic acid, in cattle and chicken it was higher in young animal than adults. In duck, the contents of all fatty acids and ratio were increased by the age. As for the content of fatty acids according to the part of chicken, high level was shown in thigh than in breast and wing, while there was no remarkable variation by the part in other animal. The differences in the content of myristic acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acid among some animal could be verified in muscle lipid composition. The L/P ratio which maintained certain level regardless of age, part, sex shown distinctive pattern between the species.