• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study was conducted as part of research to promote garden diversity and seek sustainable garden management plans, as well as to determine the trends in understanding and use of companion plants as an eco-friendly farming method and provide the results as the basic data for sustainable urban agriculture. Methods: To determine the trends in garden activities, eco-friendly pest control, and use of companion plants, a survey was conducted on 230 urban residents participating in the Urban Agriculture Expert course. 223 copies of the questionnaire were collected excluding missing values, and IBM SPSS statistics Ver. 25 Program was used for frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and regression analysis. Results: Most of the respondents were female (71.3%), homemakers (26.5%), were in their 50s (29.1%), and had 2 members in the family (27.8%). 164 respondents (73.5%) had experience in gardening, most of them once a week (31.7%) and for self-consumption (55.5%). Both men and women raised crops for safe food production (32.3%), and they most preferred the city garden type (39.9%). For the preparation of nourishment for eco-friendly garden management, most respondents (60.1%) purchased fertilizers from the market. For the reason why eco-friendly pest control is necessary, all respondents except 4 of them (98.2%) responded that it is necessary 'because it affects my health as I eat it (73.5%)', indicating that they still had a high level of interest in health. Only 43.9% of the respondents said that they had heard of companion plants, 89.2% responded that companion plants were effective in eco-friendly management, and 87.4% showed the will to participate in gardening using companion plants in the future. Finally, the regression analysis confirmed that the awareness of companion plants and satisfaction with gardening activities are key variables that increase the intention to participate in gardening activities in the future. Conclusion: Since plants require special care depending on the period and various diseases and insect pests occur, there must be continuous research on companion plants as an eco-friendly farming method. Moreover, by actively using companion plants in urban gardens with the utility value in not only eco-friendly pest control but also in helping plant growth, urban agriculture is expected to be continuously activated and promoted by increasing satisfaction in gardening activities with aesthetic landscaping and pest control.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.31-46
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze outpatients who visited for treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Daejeon Korean medical hospital from January 1st, 2013 to December 31th, 2021. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed outpatients who visited for treatment for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Daejeon Korean medical hospital from January 1st, 2013 to December 31th, 2021. according to year, season, gender, age, clinical symptoms, number of visits and initial degree of hearing loss. The statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 for Windows. Results : The results of analyzing the medical records of 194 patients are as follows. 1. The number of patients showed a gradual increase from 2014 to 2021 and spring was highest in season. Acc ording to gender, women visited more than men and the age group that visited the most was middle-aged, including 40s and 50s. 2. Patients experienced 13 symptoms and the average number was 4.06. In the analysis of the major symptoms according to gender, hyperacusis and headache were found to be more common in female. 3. The average of initial hearing loss was 52.54dB and was higher in male. The loss was relatively higher in 60s or older than in the younger age group. Conclusions : If treatment and management methods that reflect these symptoms are developed, it is thought that it will greatly helpful to improve the quality of life of patients with sudden hearing loss.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.26-43
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• 2021

Objectives: This study is designed to statistically analyze data of outpatients visiting for recent 3 years. The purpose is to identify tendencies of patients who visit the hospitals before and after COVID-19. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 452,487 patients who visited to the Daejeon·Cheonan·Cheongju Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University from January 1, 2018 to August 31, 2020. The data is classified according to year, month, gender, age, and visit type. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0. Results: The total number of patients decreased in 2020 compared to before 2020, and the number of patients in each hospital also decreased from the previous year. According to the year of each hospital, the difference by year was not statistically significant at Daejeon Hospital, but Cheonan and Cheongju Hospital showed statistical difference. The change in monthly according to the year by hospital has continued to decrease from January to March in 2020, unlike the previous year, which recovered from a decline in March. In the analysis of patients by age, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of patients in the above 60s according to the year, while those under 60s have a tendency to significantly decrease. Conclusion: We expect that the results of this study will be used as reference materials in analyzing effects of COVID-19 at health care utilization.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.25-35
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• 2022

Objectives : This study is designed to analyze outpatients who received medical treatments in ophthalmology, otolaryngology & dermatology clinic in Cheonan for 3 years. Based on the results, we intend to identify the trends of outpatients and provide the base data that can be used for future researches on patient characteristics, and Korean medicine treatments on field, statistical surveys, policy setting related to medical services. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed outpatients according to gender, year, age, season, main diagnosis, number of visits. The statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 for Windows. Results : The results of analyzing the electronic medical records of 1,260 patients are as follows. 1. Patients increased in 2019 compared to 2018, but decreased due to the influence of COVID-19 in 2020, and women visited more than men. The most visited age group was 40s and 50s, and summer was the highest in season. 2. By analyzing the number of visits per patient, men visited more than women, under the age of 20 was highest in age group and spring was highest in season. 3. Every year, sudden hearing loss, a frequent disease in otology, increased, and rhinitis, a frequent disease in ophthalmology, decreased. And the proportion of patients in dermatology was about 30% of the total 100 diseases. Conclusions : In order to increase the supply and use of Korean medicine in the Cheonan area in the future, it is essential to provide support at the association level and systematic supplement at the government level in consideration of the characteristics of the patient group and the trend of frequency diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The study compared the satisfaction of the exercise program in a face-to-face and non-face-to-face manner with the same exercise program. METHODS: This study was conducted through convenience sampling for 57 seniors over 65 years of age. After conducting 30 minutes of the same exercise program face-to-face on the first visit and non-face-to-face on the second visit, a satisfaction survey was conducted. The survey data were processed statistically using SPSS 26.0 (SPSS Inc, IBM, USA). An independent t-test was used to compare the type of exercise program. The Spearman's Rank Correlation was conducted to correlate the satisfaction between cognitive function and education level. RESULTS: The overall satisfaction with the face-to-face program was higher than the non-face-to-face exercise programs. All three satisfaction items in face-to-face exercise programs were higher than in non-face-to-face exercise programs (p < .05). The main source of dissatisfaction in the case of face-to-face exercise programs was having a good relationship with people for face-to-face and a 'lack of communication' in the case of non-face-to-face. CONCLUSION: The elderly showed higher satisfaction in face-to-face exercise than in non-face-to-face exercise. This study is significant in that accurate satisfaction comparison was possible by conducting the same exercise program on the same subject for a relatively short time, and through this, the development of an exercise program was suggested.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.471-480
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• 2022

This experiment was conducted to determine the maximum dietary energy levels on growth performance and carcass characteristics of White Pekin duck. the Six dietary treatments were formulated based on their apparent metabolizable energy (AME) concentrations from 2,700 to 3,200 kcal/kg with a 100 kcal/kg gap to evaluate the accurate dietary AME requirement to address current knowledge and further issues for fulfilling the genetic potential of meat-type white Pekin ducklings. A total of 432 one-day-old male White Pekin ducklings were randomly allocated into one of six dietary treatments with six replicates (12 birds per pen). The diets were formulated as corn-soybean meal-based diets to meet or exceed the Nutrient Requirement of Poultry specification for meat-type ducks. Growth performance indices (i.e. average daily gain [ADG], average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio) were measured weekly. Medium body weight (BW) ducklings from each pen were sacrificed to analyze the carcass traits and abdominal fat content on day 21. Obtained data were analyzed to estimate significant effect using the one-way ANOVA of IBM SPSS Statistics (Version, 25). If the p-value of the results were significant, differences in means among treatments were separated by Tukey's post hoc test. Significant differences were then analyzed with a linear and quadratic broken model to estimate the accurate concentration of AME. Ducklings fed higher dietary AME diets increased (p < 0.05) BW, ADG. Ducklings fed higher AME than 2,900 kcal/kg diets increased abdominal fat accumulation and leg meat portion. The estimated requirement by linear plateau method showed from 3,000.00 kcal/kg to 3,173.03 kcal/kg whereas the requirement by quadratic plateau method indicated from 3,100.00 kcal/kg to 3,306.26 kcal/kg. Collectively, estimated dietary requirements exhibit diverse results based on the measured traits and analysis methods. All the estimated requirements in this experiment present higher than previous research, the maximum requirement for the next diet formulation should be selected by the purpose of the diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.184-202
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigates the necessary educational materials from the perspective of caregivers managing food allergies of preschoolers. Methods: An online survey enrolled 400 caregivers of preschoolers with food allergies. The study was conducted in July 2022, and data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Results: The caregivers of preschoolers with food allergies showed low food allergy knowledge. The highest percentage of incorrect answers were for items related to the cause (74.2%) and response (65.2%) to food allergies. Moreover, categorizing the levels of knowledge as high, medium, and low, we found that caregivers with younger children exhibited a better understanding of food allergies. Approximately 56.9% of subjects in the high class were caregivers with preschoolers under three years, whereas caregivers with preschoolers over four years comprised 43.2% of the high-class subjects. Regarding food allergy treatment, four questions measured how well the caregivers tended to the children. With higher levels of knowledge, caregivers were more likely to read nutrient information and check for food allergens. The caregivers of preschoolers who were clinically diagnosed with food allergies demonstrated a higher percentage of using separate ingredients and cooking utensils. Conclusion: This study shows how the caregivers' knowledge levels are critical in managing and treating food allergies among preschoolers. With caregivers' lower knowledge of food allergies and preschoolers younger than four years, self-diagnosis of food allergies and existing food allergies were not managed efficiently. Hence, customized education for caregivers is essential to improve their knowledge level regarding limiting foods that may cause allergies, reading food labels, and using ingredients and cooking utensils separately.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.32-36
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• 2022

Purpose There are reports that the COVID-19 vaccine causes false positive uptake of axillary lymph nodes. Therefore, this paper intends to evaluate the change in SUVmax of axillary lymph nodes with the period after the COVID-19 vaccination. Materials and Methods In 134 breast cancer patients who were tested for ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT at Severance hospital, 3.7 MBq/kg of ¹⁸F-FDG was intravenously injected and scanned for 2 minutes per bed after 60 minutes. The equipment was Discovery 600 (GE Healthcare, MI, USA). The period was divided into four groups, 0 to 2 weeks, 3 to 6 weeks, 7 to 10 weeks, and 11 weeks or more. SUVmax was measured after checking the uptake of axillary lymph nodes on the ipsilateral side of vaccination and the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed using SPSS Statistics 28 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results From 0 to 2 weeks groups to 11 weeks or more group, the average of SUVmax was measured in the order of 5.52, 2.85, 1.82, and 1.7. As a result of the Kruskal-Wallis test, there was a significant difference between 0 to 2 weeks group from all other groups (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the remaining three groups. Conclusion The SUVmax of axillary lymph nodes decreased over the period after the COVID-19 vaccination and no significant difference was found after 3 weeks of vaccination. Therefore, it is recommended to record COVID-19 vaccination information before examination.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 2023

Purpose : This study sought to determine the influence of nursing students' self-leadership, empathic ability, and depression on their interpersonal skills. Methods : This study applied a descriptive survey research design involving a self-report questionnaire. The participants were 315 nursing students in B city. Data were collected from April 27 to May 6, 2022. The data were analyzed using the percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results : The participants' self-leadership score was 3.63±.65, their empathic ability score was 3.35±.40, their depression score was .84±.50, and their interpersonal skills score was 3.64±.80. Among the sub-categories, others' temperament scored the highest at 3.70±.86, followed by communication at 3.67±.86 and promoting relationships at 3.53±.86. Interpersonal skills were positively correlated with both self-leadership (r=.48, p<.001) and empathic ability (r=.33, p<.001). Self-leadership was positively correlated with empathic ability (r=.17, p<.05), but, negatively correlated with depression (r=.27, p<.001). The multiple regression analysis revealed, that the factors with the most significant effect on promoting relationships were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.49, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.19, p<.001), and gender (β=.10, p=.033); the factors affecting others' temperament were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.37, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.30, p<.001), severe depression (β=.14, p=.008), gender (β=.13, p=.010), and grade (β=-.13, p=.037); while the factors affecting communication were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.41, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.23, p<.001), and gender (β=.11, p=.035). Moreover, the explanatory power of promoting relationships scored the highest at 31 %, followed by others' temperament at 27 % and communication at 26 %. Conclusion : The results of this study reveal the factors that influence the interpersonal skills of nursing students. To increase the interpersonal skills of nursing students, it is necessary to develop and apply regular curricula and programs designed to strengthen their self-leadership and empathic ability and to reduce their depression through reflecting differences between genders and grades.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.349-361
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate nursing students' knowledge, awareness and performance and to identify the influencing factors on performance of standard precaution for Healthcare-associated Infection. Methods: Subjects were 334 nursing students who were 3rd and 4th years in the nursing university in Gwangju. Data were collected using questionnaires from April 24 to May 25, 2018. The collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression using IBM SPSS 21.0 program. Results: Mean scores of knowledge, awareness and performance about standard precaution for Healthcare-associated Infection were 19.95±2.43, 4.71±0.37, 4.55±0.49, respectively. Statistically significant differences were shown in the performance of standard precaution related to grade(t=-3.627, p=.000) and experience of infection prevention education(t=3.239, p=.001). Significant relationships were found among knowledge(r=.201, p=.000), awareness(r=.522, p=.000) and performance of standard precaution in nursing students. The results of stepwise multiple regression indicates that awareness(β=.507, p=.000) and grade(β=.169, p=.000) and experience of infection prevention education(β=.094, p=.043) predicts 30.8% in performance of standard precaution(F=50.520, p=.000). Conclusions: to enhance performance of standard precaution for nursing students, it is necessary to develop and utilize a program that experience of infection prevention education according to the appropriate grade group and enhances awareness.