• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.351-356
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• 2014

The electronic structure at organic-organic interface gives essential information on device performance such as charge transport and mobility. Especially, the molecular orientation of organic material can affect the electronic structure at interface and ultimately the device performance in organic photovoltaics. The molecular orientation is examined by the change in ionization potential (IP) for metal phthalocyanines (MPc, M=Zn, Cu)/fullerene ($C_{60}$) interfaces on ITO by adding the CuI templating layer through ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurement. On CuPc/$C_{60}$ bilayer, the addition of CuI templating layer represents the noticeable change in IP, while it hardly affects the electronic structure of ZnPc/$C_{60}$ bilayer. The CuPc molecules on CuI represent relatively lying down orientation with intermolecular ${\pi}-{\pi}$ overlap being aligned in vertical direction. Consequently, in organic photovoltaics consisting of CuPc and $C_{60}$ as donor and acceptor, respectively, the carrier transport along the direction is enhanced by the insertion of CuI templaing layer. In addition, optical absorption in CuPc molecules is increased due to aligned transition matrix elements. Overall the lying down orientation of CuPc on CuI will improve photovoltaic efficiency.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.260-260
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• 2016

Soil erosion is a very serious problem from agricultural as well as environmental point of view. Various computer models have been used to estimate soil erosion and assess erosion control practice. Universal Soil loss equation (USLE) is a popular model which has been used in many countries around the world. Erosivity (USLE R-factor) is one of the USLE input parameters to reflect impacts of rainfall in computing soil loss. Value of R factor depends upon Energy (E) and maximum rainfall intensity of specific period ($I30_{max}$) of that rainfall event and thus can be calculated using higher temporal resolution rainfall data such as 10 minute interval. But 10 minute interval rainfall data may not be available in every part of the world. In that case we can use hourly rainfall data to compute this R factor. Maximum 60 minute rainfall ($I60_{max}$) can be used instead of maximum 30 minute rainfall ($I30_{max}$) as suggested by USLE manual. But the value of Average annual R factor computed using hourly rainfall data needs some correction factor so that it can be used in USLE model. The objective of our study are to derive relation between averages annual R factor values using 10 minute interval and hourly rainfall data and to determine correction coefficient for R factor using hourly Rainfall data.75 weather stations of Korea were selected for our study. Ten minute interval rainfall data for these stations were obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) and these data were changed to hourly rainfall data. R factor and $I60_{max}$ obtained from hourly rainfall data were compared with R factor and $I30_{max}$ obtained from 10 minute interval data. Linear relation between Average annual R factor obtained from 10 minute interval rainfall and from hourly data was derived with $R^2=0.69$. Correction coefficient was developed for the R factor calculated using hourly rainfall data.. Similarly, the relation was obtained between event wise $I30_{max}$ and $I60_{max}$ with higher $R^2$ value of 0.91. Thus $I30_{max}$ can be estimated from I60max with higher accuracy and thus the hourly rainfall data can be used to determine R factor more precisely by multiplying Energy of each rainfall event with this corrected $I60_{max}$.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.275.1-275.1
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• 2014

The effects of the interfacial buffer layer and temperature on the organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) nanostructures of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and fullerene (C60) systems were investigated using real time in-situ x-ray scattering. In the CuPc:C60 BHJ structures, standing-on configured ${\gamma}$-CuPc phase was formed by co-deposition of CuPc and C60. Once formed ${\gamma}$-phase was thermally stable during the annealing upon $180^{\circ}C$. Meanwhile, the insertion of CuI buffer layer prior to deposition of the CuPc:C60 BHJ layer induced lying-down configured CuPc crystals in the BHJ layer. The lying CuPc peak intensity and the lattice parameter were increased by the thermal annealing. This increment of the intensity seemed to be related to the strain at the interface between CuPc:C60 and CuI, which was proportional to the enhancement of the power conversion efficiency of the device.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2008

인체 DNA topoisomerase는 DNA를 단일 또는 두 가닥을 일시적인 절단을 촉매하여 DNA의 topological 문제를 조절함으로써, DNA 복제, 전사, 재조합과 유사분열 과정 등에 관여한다. 이 효소는 많은 항생, 항암제의 표적효소로서 널리 알려져 있으며, 이들 유도체를 이용한 다양한 억제제의 개발과 임상적 응용에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 인체 백혈병 HL-60 세포에서 topoisomerase 억제제가 topoisomerase 기능 활성과 유전자 발현을 조절하는지를 규명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 방법은 HL-60세포에 topoisomerase type I과 type II의 대표적 억제제인 10-hydroxycamptothecin (10-CPT)과 doxorubicin을 투여한 후 total RNA를 분리하였고, 10K-oligo-nucleotide microarray 방법으로 분석하여 유전자의 발현 양상을 조사하였다. 연구 결과에 의하면 10-CPT 또는 doxorubicin을 투여한 HL-60세포에서의 유전자 발현 양상은 주로 signal transduction, cell adhesion, cell cycle, cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, transcription 및 immune response 등과 관련이 있었다. Topoisomerase type I의 억제제인 10-CPT를 HL-60 세포주에 투여 하였을 때 type I으로 분류되는 topoisomerase III${\alpha}$, III${\beta}$ 및 I의 발현은 증가하였으나 type II인 topoisomerase II${\alpha}$와 II${\beta}$의 유전자의 발현은 감소되었다. 반대로 type II의 억제제인 doxorubicin을 투여하였을 때는 앞의 결과와 상반된 topoisomerase II${\alpha}$와 II${\beta}$의 유전자의 발현이 현저히 증가되었으며, topoisomerase III${\alpha}$와 III${\beta}$의 mRNA의 발현은 약간 감소하는 양상을 보였으나 의미 있는 차이는 없었다. 이 연구 결과는 앞으로 항암제의 기전을 밝히고 약물에 대한 치료 반응을 예측하고 새로운 약제 개발에 기초자료가 될 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.67-73
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• 1994

The adsorption behaviors of acid dye and disperse dye on silk and nylon fabrics were examined, in one bath dyeing system on silk/nylon blend fabric with disperse dyes and acid dyes. In the dyeing of nylon fabric with C. I. Disperse Red 19 (Red 19) and C. I. Disperse Red 60 (Red 60), dye uptake of Red 19 was higher than that of Red 60. When silk/nylon blend fabric was dyed with Red 19 and Red 0, the dye uptake on nylon was influenced by the ffinity of the dye to the silk fabric. In the dyeing of silk/nylon with C. I. Acid Blue 80 and C. I. Acid Yellow 121, solid shade could not be obtained with the conventional method but could be obtained with the dyeing resist agent for nylon. There was not any relationship between K/S value and Munsell value, but Munsell value tended to change with the K/S value.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2002

본 논문에서 60 ㎓ 대역용 도파관 급전 radial line slot array (RLSA) 안테나를 설계, 제작하였다. Ewald합 기법과 Shanks 변환을 이용한 효율적인 수치해석으로 RLSA 설계에 필수적인 슬롯을 통한 결합 특성을 계산하였고, 또한 기존의 급전 방식과는 달리 구형 도파관-radial line 변화구조를 이용한 구형 도파관 급전 구조를 사용하였다. 직경 10cm의 크기로 제작된 원형 안테나의 측정 결과 60 ㎓에서 31 ㏈i 의 이득과 38%의 효율을 나타내었다.

• 한국기계기술학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2011

This study analyzes the resistance spot weldability of DP60 steels. To analyze the resistance spot weldability of DP60 steels, tensile strength test and macro-section test were conducted for the resistance spot welds. Acceptable welding conditions were determined as a function of the resistance spot welding process parameters such as electrode force, welding time, and welding current. The lower limit of the welding lobe was the minimum shear tension strength for 590MPa-grade steel while the upper limit was determined whether or not expulsion was detected.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 1994

To study the printing behaviors of Polyester and cotton(P/C) fabrics printed with disperse and reactive dyes, the effects of alkalis on the fixation of reactive dyes and the alkali-stability of disperse dyes in various methods of fixation were examined. The anthraquinone disperse dyes which have diamino derivatives as substituents without hydroxy group, such as C.I. Disperse Violet 1(D.V.1), C.I. Disperse Violet 28(D.V.28) and C.I.Disperse Blue 60(D.B.60) showed good results of fixation without regard to the concentration of NaHCO$_3$. In case of high temperature steaming(HTS) and unsaturated steaming(US)/HTS, D.V. 1 was alkali-stable and effective for P/C printing. A good result was obtained with D.V.1 and C.I.Reactive Orange 13(R.O.13) paste of 4% $K_{2}CO_{3}$. It was found that the unfixed D.V.28 bearing chloro group can hinder the fixation of monochlorotriaxinyl reactive dyes, and D.B.60 made little stain on 100% cotton. In thermosol(Tm), the dye uptake of D.V.1 was not decreased so much, but those of D.V.28 and D.B.60 were greatly decreased.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 1993

The microtuber was efficiently formed on SH medium containing 9% sucrose from the in vitro propagated shoot of potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Sumi). In order to investigate gene expression depending on the development stage of microtuber, we examined the changes of peroxidase and esterase activities, and their isozyme patterns as well. Peroxidase and esterase activities were the highest at the 7 day-culture of the microtuber and subsequently decreased on the stage of microtuberization, whereas esterase activity increased at the stage of 60 day-culture. However, their activities in the ordinary tuber were higher than those of 60 day-cultured microtuber. In addition, in the peroxidase isozyme pattern two new bands of pI 7.05 and pI 4.65 were appeared at the 15- day and 60 day-cultures, respectively, as shown by isoelectric focusing. Various bands in the sterase isozyme pattern were shown at the 7 day-culture, and the band patterns were a large difference, comparing those of shoot and tuber. New bands in the esterase isozyme pattern also appeared at the 15 day- (pI4.52) and 60 day-cultures (pI 4.48). These results suggest that the changes of peroxidase and esterase activities and isozyme patterns are an important factor in the differentiation and development of potato.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2016

A new series of hydrazino thiazolyl-2-azetidinone 4(a-i) derivatives were synthesized efficiently using benzylidene hydrazinyl thiazole derivatives 3(a-i). The precursors, benzylidene hydrazinyl thiazoles were prepared by reacting 4-fluoro phenacyl bromide with thiosemicarbazones 2(a-i). All the structures of the synthesized compounds were ascertained by IR, NMR and mass spectral analysis.