• 한국어병학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2004

수산 혈액학에 시판의 Diff-Quick kit를 사용할 수 있는지의 여부를 검토하였다. 제조사의 지시에 따라 뱀장어의 말초혈액의 도말표본을 염색하였을 때는 핵의 염색성이 불량하여 핵 내에 미염색의 부분도 남아 있고, 또한 세포질의 호염기성도 저하되었으며, 백혈구 과립의 염색도 불량하여 상법으로 사용하는 May-Glunward Giemsa염색에 비해 염색성이 나빴다. 그러나 염색 시간을 변경하여 solution I에 5초, solution II에 10초 염색 후 이온교환수로 세척하였을 때 양호한 결과를 얻었으며, 혈구의 분류도 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 염색 조건을 다른 어종인 메기를 비롯한 3종의 어류의 말초혈액의 도말표본에 적용해본 결과 이들 어류의 혈액 염색에도 적용 가능한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2015

The bandwidth minimization problem (BMP) has been classified as NP-complete because the polynomial time algorithm to find the optimal solution has been unknown yet. This paper suggests polynomial time heuristic algorithm is to find the solution of bandwidth minimization problem. To find the minimum bandwidth ${\phi}^*=_{min}{\phi}(G)$, ${\phi}(G)=_{max}\{{\mid}f(v_i)-f(v_j):v_i,v_j{\in}E\}$ for given graph G=(V,E), m=|V|,n=|E|, the proposed algorithm sets the maximum degree vertex $v_i$ in graph G into global central point (GCP), and labels the median value ${\lceil}m+1/2{\rceil}$ between [1,m] range. The graph G is partitioned into subgroup, the maximum degree vertex in each subgroup is set to local central point (LCP), and we adjust the label of LCP per each subgroup as possible as minimum distance from GCP. The proposed algorithm requires O(mn) time complexity for label to all of vertices. For various twelve graph, the proposed algorithm can be obtains the same result as known optimal solution. For one graph, the proposed algorithm can be improve on known solution.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.189-205
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• 2016

Soils are subjected to additional stresses due to the loads transferred by the foundations of the buildings. The distribution of stress in soil has great importance in geotechnical engineering projects such as stress, settlement and liquefaction analyses. The purpose of this study is to examine the shear stresses on horizontal plane below the rectangular foundations subjected to biaxial bending on an elastic soil. In this study, closed-form analytical solutions for shear stresses in x and y directions were obtained from Boussinesq's stress equations. The expressions of analytical solutions were simplified by defining the shear stress influence values ($I_1$, $I_2$, $I_3$), and solution charts were presented for obtaining these values. For some special loading conditions, the expressions for shear stresses in the soil below the corners of a rectangular foundation were also given. In addition, a computer program was developed to calculate the shear stress increment at any point below the rectangular foundations. A numerical example for illustrating the use of the presented solution charts was given and, finally, shear stress isobars were obtained for the same example by a developed computer program. The shear stress expressions obtained in this work can be used to determine monotonic and cyclic behavior of soils below rectangular foundations subjected to biaxial bending.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2016

The investigation of effects on fouling propensity with various viscosity of feed solutions would be better understanding for forward osmosis (FO) performance since the fouling propensity was directly influenced with solution viscosity. Therefore, this study was focused on the FO fouling with model foultants (humic acid, alginate) by altering solution viscosity with change of ionic strength (I.S) and $Ca^{2+}$ concentrations. In the comparison between humic acid and alginate, as expected, the alginate generally caused more severe fouling (almost 35.8 % of flux reduction) based on the solution characteristics (high viscosity) and fouling patterns (coil and gel layer). However, interesting point to note is that the fouling propensity of alginate was more severe even though it was applied with low viscosity of feed conditions (I.S = 20 mM, $Ca^{2+}=1mM$). This might be due to that crossed linked gel layer of alginate on the FO membrane surface could be best formed in the condition of $Ca^{2+}$ presence and higher I.S, and that is more dominant to fouling propensity than the low viscosity of feed solutions.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-83
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• 1994

This paper deals with a capacitated ring-star network design problem (CRSNDP) with node capacity constraints. The CRSNDP is formulated as a mixed 0-1 integer problem, and a 2-phase heuristic solution procedure, ADD & VAM and RING, is developed, in which the CRSNDP is decomposed into two subproblems : the capacitated facility location problem (CFLP) and the traveling sales man problem (TSP). To solve the CFLP in phase I the ADD & VAM procedure selects hub nodes and their appropriate capacity from a candidate set and then assigns them user nodes under node capacity constraints. In phase II the RING procedure solves the TSP to interconnect the selected hubs to form a ring. Finally a solution of the CRSNDP can be achieved through combining two solution of phase I & II, thus a final design of the capacitated ring-star network is determined. The analysis of computational results on various random problems has shown that the 2-phase heuristic procedure produces a solution very fast even with large-scale problems.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.231-233
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• 2001

This paper describes an analytical solution of the voltage commands for instantaneous torque control of an I.M. The analytical solution is expressed as a simple explicit function of the instantaneous torque commands and motor speed. On the basis of the derived analytical solution, the maximum torque change rate of an I.M with a limited voltage-source is analyzed, and also the dynamic influence of rapid changes in motor speed on output torque derivations is investigated. The detailed results of these two analyses are approximated here in term of first-order linear differential equations, and their validities are confirmed through the demonstrative numerical simulations. This paper includes the simulation results of the instantaneous torque control with varied motor parameters for sensitivity analysis.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.479-486
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• 2010

In order to confirm the effect of $HI_x$ solution on Bunsen reaction in Sulfur-Iodine thermochemical hydrogen production process, the reaction was investigated using $HI_x$ solution as a reactant. The phase separation characteristics of reaction with $HI_x$ solution were compared with the reaction using $I_2$ and $H_2O$ as reactants. Firstly, saturation points of $I_2$ in $HI_x$ solution at various temperatures were investigated to determine reaction conditions. With increasing temperature, the amounts of unreacted $I_2$ and $H_2O$ in $HI_x$ solution were increased, while impurities (HI in $H_2SO_4$ phase and $H_2SO_4$ in $HI_x$ phase) in each phase were decreased. The volumes of $H_2SO_4$ phase obtained from Bunsen reaction with $HI_x$ solution was relatively less than those obtained from the reaction with $I_2$ and $H_2O$. The difficulty of phase separation in Bunsen reaction using $HI_x$ solution may be due to the insufficient amount of $H_2O$ existed in $HI_x$ phase after reaction. Therefore, we concluded that the supplement amount of $H_2O$ should be calculated on the basis of the moles of HI and $H_2SO_4$ and added to the reaction system for good phase separation.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.195-200
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• 2004

Ghrelin is a newly discovered peptide, which is released from the stomach and neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), and potently stimulates growth hormone release and food intake. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ghrelin on $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in thyroid FRTL-5 cells. Ghrelin (5 nM) increased $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ and TSH (1 unit/l) had an additive effect on $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ when extracellular normal solution was 1.1mM $Ca^{2+}$ containing Coon's modified Ham's F12 medium. When $Ca^{2+}-free$ medium containing 2 mM EGTA replaced the above normal solution, ghrelin also induced a similar rise in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$. In the middle of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increment by ghrelin, nifedipine $(1\;{\mu}M)$, nickel $(100\;{\mu}M)$ and $La^{3+}\;(100\;{\mu}M)$ had no effect on $[Ca^{2+}]_i$. After endoplasmic reticulum was depleted by cyclopiazonic acid $(CPA;10\;{\mu}M)$, ghrelin caused no visible change on $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in $Ca^{2+}-free$/2 mM EGTA solution. These results suggest that ghrelin can increase $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ through endoplasmic reticulum in thyroid FRTL-5 cells.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권6호
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• pp.741-748
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• 1997

In the present study, we have investigated the effect of metabolic inhibition on the inward rectifier K current ($I_{K1}$). Using whole cell patch clamp technique we applied voltage ramp from +80 mV to -140 mV at a holding potential of -30 mV and recorded the whole cell current in single ventricular myocytes isolated from the rabbit heart. The current-voltage relationship showed N-shape (a large inward current and little outward current with a negative slope) which is a characteristic of $I_{K1}$. Application of 0.2 mM dinitrophenol (DNP, an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation as a tool for chemical hypoxia) to the bathing solution with the pipette solution containing 5 mM ATP, produced a gradual increase of outward current followed by a gradual decrease of inward current with little change in the reversal potential (-80 mV). The increase of outward current was reversed by glibenclamide ($10\;{\mu}M$), suggesting that it is caused by the activation of $K_{ATP}$. When DNP and glibenclamide were applied at the same time or glibenclamide was pretreated, DNP produced same degree of reduction in the magnitude of the inward current. These results show that metabolic inhibition induces not only the increase of $K_{ATP}$ channel but also the decrease of $I_{K1}$. Perfusing the cell with ATP-free pipette solution induced the changes very similar to those observed using DNP. Long exposure of DNP (30 min) or ATP-free pipette solution produced a marked decrease of both inward and outward current with a significant change in the reversal potential. Above results suggest that the decrease of $I_{K1}$ may contribute to the depolarisation of membrane potential during metabolic inhibition.

• 분석과학
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.184-191
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 HRGC/HRMS에 의한 다이옥신분석에 있어 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 SP-2331 및 DB-5MS 컬럼에 의한 독성 2,3,7,8-다이옥신 동족체 분리의 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 컬럼분리성능평가 표준용액과 비산재 시료의 분석을 통하여 이들 컬럼에 의한 tetra, penta 및 hexa-2,3,7,8-동족체의 분리에 대한 부분과 I-TEQ값의 영향을 중심으로 설명하였다. 이들 두 컬럼에 의한 분석에서 컬럼분리성능평가 표준용액의 경우 DB-5MS에 의해서는 총 2,3,7,8-치환이성체의 농도는 508.4 ng/mL로 나타났으며, SP-2331에 의해서는 515.8 ng/mL로 나타났다. 이들을 I-TEQ값으로 환산하였을 때 거의 동등하게 나타났다. 비산재 시료의 경우에서도 이들 두 컬럼에 의한 2,3,7,8-치환이성체의 총 농도와 I-TEQ값이 거의 비슷하게 나타났다.