• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 1975

The blood pressure response to Junci Herba water and methanol extracts in rabbit and $LD_{50}$ to Junci Herba water extract in mouse were investigated in order to develop a hypotensive agent from natural resources. $LD_{50}$ of Junci Herba water extract (WE) was 600 mg/kg in mouse, when WE was injected intraperitonealy. Junci Herba water and methanol extract, when injected into the vein of rabbit, produced a fall of blood pressure. Hypotensive effect of WE was suppressed by atropine and potentiated by phentolamine, while not affected by avil, propranolol, and phenoxybenzamine. Intravenous injection of chlorisondamine weakened the hypotensive effect of WE, and WE produced hypertensive effect in this rabbit. Intravenous injection of bretylium did not affect the hypotensive effect of WE, but WE produced hypertensive effect in this rabbit. In the rabbit treated with chlorisondamine, hypertensive effect of WE was suppressed by methysergide or bretylium, but not affected by atropine or phenoxybenzamine.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1993

The reaction of sulfhydryl groups in human serum ablumin with bacteriostatic and hypotensive notrosating agents such as sodium nitorprusside and sodium nitrite has been examined. The low reactivity of sodium nitroprusside to sulfhydral groups in albumin has been observed and the sterical inaccessilibility of the agent site which sulfhydryl group resides was implicated. The reaction of sodium nitrite with albumin was highly influenced by pH and little reactivity was observed at physiological pH. On the other hand, the reaction between albumin and S-nitrosoglutatione, an intermediate induced from the reaction of glutathione and nitrosating agents, resulted in the rapid decrease of free sulfhydryl groups in albumin. S-Nitrosylation of the sulfhydryl group by S-nitrosoglutathione and the subsequent production of mixed disulfide is the probable route of modification. In the physiological system, S-nitroso-glutathione may act as an active intermediate in expressing reacivity of nitrosating agents to sulfhydryl groups in albumin.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.163-174
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• 1978

Plantaginis seed has been applied in Chinese medicine a as well as in folk remedy. It was advocated that Plantaginis S Semeη exerts good therapeutic effects as anti-inflammatory, antitussive, obstipant and diuretic agent in some cases of alimentary, respiratory a and renal disorders. This study was carried out in order to r re-evaluate the pharmacological action, especially the hypotensive a action of Plantaginis Semen and to elucidate the mechanism of its a action, making use of Plantaginis Semen methanol extract (PME), because its basic pharmacological action, i. e., hypotensive action is n not clear. 1) PME, when administered into intravenous route, elicited the h hypotensive response dependent on the dose of PME given to the rabbit anesthetized with urethane. 2) This hypotensive response of P PME was inhibited by atropine and potentiated by physostigmine, but not influ$\varepsilon$need by vagotomization. 3) Depressor effect of PME was blocked by chlorisondamine, phentolamine, and bethanicline, while not altered by cyproheptadine, diphenhydramine and propran¬olol. 4) The secondary pressor response after blocking the depressor e effect of PME by chlorisondamine was produced, but this pressor response was deminished by atropine. 5) PME augmented the pressor e effect of norepinephrine and angiotensin, on the other hand, reduced b blood pressure elevated by carotid occlusion reflex. 6) These observa¬t tions suggest that PME may induce the hypotensive response via dual mechanisms of parasympathomimetic and sympatholytic action, that the positions of this action are cholinergic peripheral site and sympathetic ganglia respectively, and that PME may possess the pressor activity caused by stimulation of "atropine-sensitive site" which seems to existsin the sympathetic ganglia.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.257-258
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• 1989

Glutathione was converted by $HNO_2$ into a S-nitrosothiol which was stable in solution and atypically so even as a solid. FAB/MS and IR data have been obtained for the confirmation of structure of S-nitrosogulathione in the crystalline state.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.101-101
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• 2017

Beta-glucan is a polymerized polysaccharide on beta-1,3 chemical bonds. It has the main pharmacological action of various anticancer mushrooms and is colorless and odorless. In addition, it enhances phagocytosis of macrophages against mycobacterium tuberculosism and increases resistance of host against food poisoning bacteria. Owing to these advantages, beta-glucan was used in various health supplement foods such as immune boosters, hypotensive agent and hypoglycemic agent. Our study was aimed to investigate the effective components of beta-glucan, which was optimized via the contents of Sarcodon aspratus and rice bran. First, the mixture ratio condition of Sarcodon aspratus and rice bran were respectively 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10. The raw materials were fabricated using hot water extraction method. Distilled water of 100 mL was added to the raw material and extracted. After the extraction processed, the content of effective components was analyzed. The absorbance of beta-glucan was measured using a beta-glucan kit (Megazyme, (1-3) (1-4) BETA-D-GLUCAN ASSAY KIT). The absorbance analysis was repeated three times for accurate analysis. After the extracts were lyophilized, the yields of extracted raw materials according to the mixture ratio conditions of Sarcodon aspratus and rice bran (10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, and 0:10) were respectively 33.1%, 34.5%, 35.3%, 30.7%, and 24.3%. The absorbance was 1.52, 1.47, 1.50, 1.79, and 1.56, respectively. As a result, the optimum ratio of beta-glucan is 3:7 at Sarcodon aspratus and rice bran. This study suggested that the optimal amount of beta-glucan could be used as a health supplement foods and food additive such as immune boosters, hypotensive agent and hypoglycemic agent. However, the new condition (temperature, time) of hot water extraction to maximize the content of beta-glucan could be considered, could be necessary to compare with the existing extracts.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1997

The hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects of Polygonatum odoratum in non-insulin dependent diabetes metlitus (NIDDM) patients were investigated in this study. Sixty five NIDDM patients were divided into two groups: hospital diet (HD), Polygonatum odorat um diet (PD). HD group was provided with the diabetic diet used in a hospital and PD group consumed the Polygonatum odoratum added to the HD. The index of obesity, the level of fasting blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), fasting and postprandial blood glucose of NIDDM patients of the PD group were significantly lowered after the experimental period of 4 weeks. The levels of the plasma glucose, lipid and index of obesity was measured. The tendency of elevating the level of HDL-cholesterol and lowering the levels of triglyceride, LDL-cholesternl and total cholesternl were also noticed in NIDDM patients of the PD group. The results showed that Polygonatutn odoratum could be an important dietary source to control hyperglycemia and hypertension and that the plant could be recommended as a preventive or therapeutic agent for NIDDM patients.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.239-242
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• 1989

Several physiological components containing a secondary amino group were capable of reacting sodium nitroprusside to form potentially carcinogenic nitrosamines under physiological conditions (pH 7.3, 37). In each case the products were identical to those produced upon reaction with nitrous acid at much lower pH values. Reaction rates measured with proline were shown to reflect a first order dependence on both amine and nitroprusside concentrations. The strong influences of pH on the reactions of sodium nitro prusside with amines were also observed. These results show sodium nitroprusside could be a very potent nitrosation agent under physiological conditions.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.379-389
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• 1992

In order to investigate the effect of nifedipine, $Ca^{+2}$ channel antagoninst, on the action of some drugs participating in blood pressure, this experiment was peformed in rabbits. Nifedipine decreased the pressor actions of norepinephrine, angiotensin and carotid artery clamping, but did not affect the pressor actions of tyramine and depressor actions of acetylcholine and pilocarpine. Nifedipine inhibited the potentiated pressor action of norepinephrine and angiotensin, but did not influence the potentiated pressor action of tyramine in rabbits pretreated with chlorisondamine, ganglionic blocking agent. Nifedipine weakened the potentiated pressor action of norepinephrine, did not affect the pressor action of angiotensin and the potentiated pressor action of tyramine in rabbits pretreated with debrisoquine, sympathetic neuronal blocking agent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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• 2001.12a
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• pp.69-73
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• 2001

Two opioid peptides, YPLDL and YPLDLF, were isolated from enzymatic digests of spinach ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and named rubiscolin-5 and -6, respectively. These peptides were selective for delta-receptor and the latter was about 3 times more potent than the former. After oral administration in mice at the dose of 100 mg/kg, rubiscolin-6 showed analgesic activity in tail pinch test. It also stimutated learning performance at the same dose in passive avoidance experiment using step-through apparatus. An immunostimulating peptide, MITLAIPVNKPGR, was isolated from a trypsin digest of soybean protein and named soymetide. Immunostimulating activy of soymetide was mediated by fMLP receptor. Interestingly, after oral administration in rats at a dose of 300 mg/kg (po.), soymetide-4 (MITL) protected alopecia (hair-loss) induced by etoposide, a cancer chemotherapy agent. Stimulation of IL-1 release by the peptide was involved in the mechanism. Ovokinin(2-7), RADHPF, is a vasorelaxing peptide released from ovalbumin by the action of chymotrypsin. It lowered blood pressure of spontaneously hypersensive rats (SHR) after oral administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg. RPLKPW, which was designed by replacing 4 amino acid residues in ovokinin(2-7), exhibited hypotensive activity at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (po.). This peptides was introduced into 3 homologous sites in soybean beta-conglycinin alpha' subunit by site-directed mutagenesis of the cDNA and expressed in E. coli. The minimum effective dose for hypotensive activity of the genetically modified beta-conglycinin alpha' subunit was 10 mg/kg (po.), which is about 1/200 that of ovalbumin.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

IY-80843, N[2-(2-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N'-[4-(lmidazole-4-yl)phenyl] formamidine, is a new potent $H_2-receptor$ anagonist. The potential secondary pharmacologic effects of this agent, on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems were studied. IY-80843 caused ptosis, suppression of locomotion, hypotehrmia, prolongation of sleeping time and hypotensive effects in mice, rats and dogs. These results suggest that IY-80843 affects the funcition of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems in a dose-dependent manner.