• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1993

Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided intro two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weights). The other group received no Photofrin E Mice from both groups were irradiated for approximately 15 minutes at 100,300, or $500{\;}mW/\textrm{cm}^2$ with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photofrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to $300{\;}mW/\textrm{cm}^2$ irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Lights and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

A simple mathematical model of simultaneous combined action of environmental agents has been proposed to describe the synergistic interaction of microwave and high ambient temperature treatment on animal heating. The model suggests that the synergism is caused by the additional effective damage arising from an interaction of sublesions induced by each agent. These sublesions are considered to be ineffective if each agent is taken individually. The additional damage results in a higher body temperature increment when compared with that expected for an independent action of each agent. The model was adjusted to describe the synergistic interaction, to determine its greatest value and the condition under which it can be achieved. The prediction of the model was shown to be consistent with experimental data on rabbit heating. The model appears to be appropriate and the conclusions are valid.

• 셀메드
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1.1-1.13
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• 2019

Background: Contents of bioactive substances extractable from different parts of terrestrial plants vary enormously. Aim: To ascertain that parts of Withania somnifera other than its roots can also be used for prevention and cure of unavoidable stress triggered central hypersensitivity to pain. Material and Methods: Groups of male or female mice treated either with Withania somnifera extracts or with metformin, aspirin, imipramine, diazepam and niacin for 11 consecutive days were subjected to "foot-shock stress-induced hyperthermia" and "hot plate" tests on the 1st, 5th, 7th, and 10th days of the experiments. On the 11th day, they were subjected to tail suspension test and on 12th day pentobarbital hypnosis test. Results: Except for diazepam and imipramine, protective effects of all other tested drugs as well as of the Withania somnifera extracts against stress-induced central hypersensitivity to pain were accompanied by their preventive effects against foot-shock stress-induced body weight losses. All observed stress response suppressing effects of all test agents increased with increasing numbers of treatment days. However, mean duration of pentobarbital-induced sleep was shorter in the extracts treated groups and longer in the diazepam treated ones only. Conclusions: Reported observations reveal that pharmacological activity profile of Withania somnifera extracts in male and female mice are almost identical, and are not like those of several drugs currently often prescribed for the treatment of diabetes-associated comorbidities. Withanolides are not the only extractable bioactive constituents of Withania somnifera. The described bioassay system is well suited for pharmacological standardization of diverse types of Withania somnifera extracts.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.629-636
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• 2002

목 적 : 고체온에 의하여 유발된 반복성 열성경련에서 경련의 양상과 해마부의 nNOS 발현을 비교관찰하고 열성경련과 nNOS의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 생후 20일된 Spraque-Dowley rat을 이용하여 1주일에 2회씩 4주간 모두 8회 온수에 노출시켜 고체온에 의한 반복적인 열성경련을 유발하였다. 실험에 이용된 쥐는 모두 82마리로서 이중 52마리는 실험군으로서 항온조에서 4분간 $45^{\circ}C$ 정도의 온수에 노출시켰고, 30마리는 대조군으로서 4분간 $37^{\circ}C$에 노출시켰다. 입수 후 경련이 발생할 때까지를 잠복기로 정하였고, 경련의 첫 증상으로서 근간대성 경련이 보이고 난 후 의식을 회복하여 정상적인 활동을 보이는 시점까지를 경련 지속시간으로 정하였다. 대조군과 고체온에 노출될 때마다 경련을 보였던 hyperthermic seizure group 및 경련이 전혀 발생하지 않았던 hyperthermic non-seizure group 간의 nNOS 발현을 관찰하기 위하여 western blot을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 고체온에 노출되었던 쥐의 87%에서 전신성 강직-간대 발작을 보였고, 고체온 노출횟수에 따른 경련 발생률은 통계적으로 유의성이 없었다(P>0.05). 입수 후 경련이 나타날 때까지의 잠복기는 158에서 240초였고 평균 204초였으며, 고체온 노출횟수에 따른 잠복기는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다(P>0.05). 경련 지속시간은 12에서 145초였고 평균 55초로 측정되었으며, 고체온 노출에 따른 경련 지속시간은 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다(P<0.05). 결과적으로 고체 온 노출횟수가 증가할수록 경련 지속시간은 의미있게 증가하였으나 경련 발생률 및 잠복기는 차이가 없었다. 쥐 해마부에서 nNOS 단백질의 발현을 조사하기 위하여 대조군의 해마부, 대뇌피질 및 소뇌, hyperthermic non-seizure group 및 hyperthermic seizure group의 해마부와 대뇌 피질을 대상으로 하여 western blot을 한 결과 대뇌 피질에서는 각 그룹간에 nNOS 발현에 변화가 없었으나 각 그룹의 해마부에서의 nNOS 단백질 발현은 대조군에 비하여 hyperthermic non-seizure group과 hyperthermic seizure group에서 약하게 나타났고, 이 두 군간에는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 고체온에 의한 반복성 열성경련에서 nNOS 는 경련유발에 영향을 주지 않을 것으로 추정되며 앞으로 열성경련에 의한 해마부의 형태학적인 변화와 함께 많은 연구가 병행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2009

HSP70 has widely been induced in in vivo hyperthermia conditions in various organisms to study gene regulation and recently neuroprotectve roles of the induced gene expression under varying conditions. We investigated different responses among various tissues in zebrafish under heat shock to evaluate whether spatial and temporal expression pattern of zebrafish (z) hsp70 in transcriptional and translational level under heat shock stress in different brain regions. Heat shock groups were given for 1 h at $37^{\circ}C$ after recovery by transferring the treated animals back to $28^{\circ}C$ for 1, 2 and 24 h for recovery, respectively. Control (CTRL) group was kept at $28^{\circ}C$. At the end of treatments, five animals were collected and used for isolation of total RNAs and peptides from the corresponding tissues. Expression of zhsp70 mRNA showed different patterns in recovery periods in the tissues including the brain, eye, intestines, muscles, heart and testis by RT-PCR. Unlike the RT-PCR analysis, Northern blot analysis demonstrated nearly 30-fold increase in zhsp70 at 1 h heat shock, suggesting that RT-PCR may not be appropriate in unmasking regulation of the time-dependent zhsp70 expression. In the experiment involving different brain regions, the cerebellum showed gradual activation at 1 h to R1h and decreases in R2h and R24h, while the medulla oblongata and optic tectum showed gradual increase at R1h and decrease at R24h, indicating that different brain tissues respond specifically to heat shock in inducing zhsp70 and recovering from the heat shock status. Western blot analysis also demonstrated that the intracellular levels of zHSP70 in three different brain regions including the cerebellum, medulla oblongata and optic tectum are differently induced and recovered to normal state. These results clearly demonstrate that different regions of the body and the brain tissues are responding differently to heat shock in the aspects of its level of expression and speed of recovery.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1987

인간이 각종 질병치료에 있어 열(온열)을 이용한 것은 고대의학의 시작과 그 역사가 함께 비롯된다. 이러한 온열요법은 방사선치료나 일부 항암약제와 병행할 때 그 효과가 상승되며 그 단독 사용만으로도 암세포를 죽일 수 있음이 최근에 와서 밝혀지고 있고 또한 병태생리학적 기전이 규명되고 있다. 한편, 온열치료기계 및 온도측정장치의 개발로 말미암아 암환자 치료에 온열치료의 임상적 응용이 각광을 받고 있다. 가톨릭의대 강남성모병원 방사선치료실에서는 1985년 3월 이후 1년 9개월 동안에 표재성의 전이 또는 원발암환자 42예(남 23예, 여 19예 ; 평균연령 56세)에서 외부방사선치료 또는 항암약물치료와 병행하여 가정용 전자레인지를 개조하여 만든 2,450MHz 극초단파를 이용한 온열치료를 실시하였다. 이 중 6예에서는 방사선치료 종료 후 재발되었기에 온열치료 단독으로 실시하였다. 온열치료 후 임상적 반응은 총 42예 중 종괴의 완전관해 부분관해 소관해 및 무관해율이 각각 11예$(20\%),\;15예(36\%),\;11예(26\%)\;및\;5예(12\%)$였다. 조직학적 진단은 편평상피암 $17예(40.5\%)$, 선세포암 12예$(28.0\%)$ 및 기타암종이 6예$(14.5\%)$였다. 완전관해를 보인 11예의 조직학적 진단은 편평상피암 5예, 선세포암 5예, 녹색종이 1예 였으며, 부분관해를 보인 15예는 편평상피암 5예, 선세포암 5예, 불명암 3예 및 미분화세포암과 기타암종이 각각 1예씩이었다. 방사선치료선량과 온열치료 횟수와의 관계는 $40\~50Gy/5\~7$주의 방사선치료와 1회 30분씩 주 2회, 총 $5\~9$회의 온열치료를 실시하였던 군에서 가장 온열치료효과가 좋았던 것으로 분석되었다. 한편 온열치료의 부작용으로는 일시적 치료부위 발적이 모든 환자에서 관찰되었으며 수술 후 켈로이드에 재발되었던 유방암환자 1예에서 자연치유되는 2도 화상을 경험하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.608-610
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• 2002

폐암의 흉막 파종은 그 예후가 매우 불량하며, 경정맥 항암화학요법 이외에는 일반적으로 다른 치료가 시행 되지 않고 있다. 저자들은 층막 파종이 있는 두 명의 환자에게 온열요법을 병행한 흡막강내 고농도 항암약제의 관류요법을 시행하였기에, 그 결과를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.111-112
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• 1986

Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100, 300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise.

• 셀메드
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.10
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• 2015

Fumaria indica Linn. (Syn: Fumaria parviflora, Fumariaceae) is a wildly grown weed, mentioned and recommended in classical Ayurvedic texts for treatments of variety of ailments including dermatological diseases, topical diseases, cardiovascular complaints, circulatory disease, fever and headache etc. The present pilot study was designed to experimentally verify the possibility that fumarates are the major bioactive principles of Fumaria indica extracts involved in their stress response modulating activities, and to estimate pharmacologicallyactive dose ranges of fumarates and standardized methanolic extract of Fumaria indica (MFI). Effect of single, 5 and 10 daily oral doses of pure fumaric acid (FA), monomethyl fumarate (MMF), dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and MFI was quantified in well validated rodent models viz. apomorphine induced cage climbing, stress induced hyperthermia, and elevated plus-maze tests. Obtained results reveal high efficacy of MFI and pure fumarates possess qualitatively analogous activity profiles in all the three tests. There were no significant difference in the potencies of pure FA, MMF and DMF in the three tests, whereas efficacy of MFI in the elevated plus maze test for anxiolytics was higher than in the other two tests. Efficacies of all the four test agents in all the three tests increased with increasing number of days of oral treatments. Results of these pilot experiments should be helpful for more rational selections of pharmacologically interesting dose ranges and treatment regimens of fumarates and Fumaria indica extracts for further more holistic explorations of their diverse therapeutic potentials.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2001

Objective : There are many reports that acupuncture has thermoregulatory effects on human and animals. To investigate the effect and mechanism of antipyretic action of acupuncture, we observed the body temperature and cytokine expressions in the hypothalamus of rats. Methods : Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, i.p., 2.5mg/kg) was injected to conscious rats (Sprague-Dawley, male, n=4l) to cause hyperthermia and simple needling (stainless steel, 0.25 mm o.d., 5 mm insertion for 10 sec with no manipulation) was performed bilaterally with the measurement of rectal temperature. Next, we sacrificed rats to remove brain and determined the level of mRNA for interleukin-6 (IL-6), $interleukin-1{\beta}{\;}(IL-1{\beta})$, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and $interferon-{\gamma}{\;}(IFN-{\gamma})$ in the hypothalamus by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Resul1s : Needling on forepaw (acupoint HT8) and needling on hindpaw (acupoint BL66 and acupoint LR2) significantly inhibited LPS-induced fever of rats (P<0.01, 10 min after treatment respectively), but same treatment on proximal tail (non-acupoint) did not cause any change on fever. The levels of IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$ mRNA in the hypothalamus was significantly enhanced by LPS-injection, while the level of IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$ mRNA was markedly reduced after treatment on BL66 (P<0.01). Treatment on forepaw reduced it slightly, but not significantly. Equivalent stimulation on proximal tail did not cause any changes. Conclusions : Our results indicate that acupuncture stimulation on various body parts has differential thermoregulatory effects on LPS-induced fever of rats with site-specificity. And, we suggest that its antipyretic action might be accompanied with the suppression of hypothalamic production of pro-inflammatory cytokine of immune system, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$.