• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.133-139
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear on human skin. Methods : We investigated the effects of samples on human skin in terms of clinical trial. 32 of healthy volunteers, who lived in mokpo participated in clinical trial. Effects of sample on hygroscopicity and water-holding capacity were investigated. Sebum, moisture, scabrousness and desquamation were also investigated. Facial massages were conducted 8 times in each volunteers. Results : Single treatment group showed elevated levels of hygroscopicity (Normal : 106.4$\pm$2.1%, vs Pear : 114.1$\pm$6.2) and water-holding capacity (Normal : 87.1$\pm$4.4%, vs Pear : 96.2$\pm$1.3) on forearm of 16 volunteers respectively. In addition, massage group using sample showed elevated moisture (Control : 3.8$\pm$5.8%, vs Sample : 15.2$\pm$4.7%) and lowered scabrousness levels (Control : -12.3$\pm$4.4%, vs Sample : -22.0$\pm$5.2%) significantly. However, the levels of sebum did not affected by sample. Conclusions : These result suggest that alcoholic fermentation extract from ovary and rind of pear has moisturizing effect on human skin.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.645-651
• /
• 2005

The purpose of the study was to investigate the thermophisiological responses and subjective wearing comfort for the six lining fabrics of one-piece dress in summer environment. There were significant differences in the microclimate, the mean skin temperature and the subjective wear comfort for the lining fabrics. The mean skin temperature of rayon and acetate were lower than that of synthetic fiber. The wearing comfort of rayon and acetate were better than that of synthetic fiber. There were clear correlations between the mechanical properties and the subjective wear comfort of lining fabrics. The hygroscopicity and density of textile affected the humidity and tactile sensation of dress, and they were important factors determining the wearing comfort of one-piece dress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.28 no.3_4
• /
• pp.403-413
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate to wearing practices and consumer needs for stockings. 503 subjects were surveyed in 2002. Data were analyzed by frequency, $\chi$$^2$, ANONA(LSD) and factor analysis. The results were as follows; 1) Many subjects considered the colors, but a very few of them considered the components and handling signs when purchase their stockings. These tendencies show meaningful differences according to their ages, jobs and the status of whether they are married or single. The wearing rates of stockings show differences according to their physical characteristics and social demographical variables. 2) They demand that the exact fiber contents and the mixture ratios which the stockings have should be indicated, and also want the sizes of the stockings to be indicated by three steps according to their body sizes, and they ask that the stockings have more various colors. They required that the stockings should have good ventilation, durability, warmth-keeping, hygroscopicity and elasticity in leg parts, and anti static electricity or bacteria.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.185-189
• /
• 2009

Microencapsulation of flavor was carried out by molecular inclusion process using $\beta$-cyclodextrin (${\beta}CD$). ${\beta}CD$-flavor complex was prepared at various flavor-to-${\beta}CD$ ratios (1:6-1:12) to determine the effect of ${\beta}CD$ concentration on the inclusion efficiency. Maximum total oil retention and minimal surface oil content were obtained at flavors to ${\beta}CD$ ratio of 1:10. The physical properties and controlled release pattern of flavors from ${\beta}CD$-flavor complex were measured and compared with spray-dried microcapsules prepared using carbohydrate wall system. ${\beta}CD$-flavor complex showed higher total oil retention and surface oil contents, smaller mean particle size, lower moisture uptake, and higher oxidation stability than spray-dried microcapsule. Oxidative stability of flavor was correlated with hygroscopicity of wall materials. The controlled release mechanism was highly affected by temperature and characteristics of wall materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09a
• /
• pp.160-161
• /
• 2006

Seasonal changes have been recognized in particle characteristics and forming characteristics of iron powder with insulated coating for a compacted magnetic core because of its high hygroscopicity, due to its phosphate coating and resin binder additives. For this reason, particle characteristics and molding characteristics of the powder with diverse water absorbtivity have been studied. The result shows that the higher the volume of absorbed water, the worse the fluidity becomes, resulting in the reduction in both springback during the molding process and expansion reduction after the heat treatment. The requirement on dimension accuracy for the finished product can be satisfied with an additional drying process on the material powder, which contributes to maintain its water volume constant.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.26-35
• /
• 1990

This study was carried out with the view of fundamental investigating to improve the tactile and the hygroscopicity of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) (PET)fibers. Mono-sodium ethylene glycolate in ethylene glycol (MSEG-EG) solution was prepared and PET films were treated with it. The following conclusions were obtained. When PET films were decomposed in MSEG-EG solution, decomposition rate constant showed an exponential relationship with treating temperature; activition energy was 23.30 Kcal/mol, activation enthalpy was 22.52~22.60 Kcal/mol and activation entropy was -29.20~ -29.41 e.u. On the basis of the results obtained above and structure identification of decomposition products, it was found that the decomposition reaction proceeded through ester interchange reaction.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.257-267
• /
• 2012

In this study, the method for heat treating wood using superheated steam (SHS) was designed and applied. The physical and mechanical properties of Korean Pine (Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) lumber heat-treated by SHS at $170^{\circ}C$ and 0.4 MPa for 10 hours were compared with those of non-treated and normal heat-treated wood. The amount of adsorbed water and equilibrium moisture content of the SHS treated wood were lower than non-treated wood. On the other hand the compressive strength parallel to grain and the bending strength of SHS treated wood were higher than those of non-treated wood. The hygroscopicity of SHS treated wood was similar to normal heat treated wood at $220^{\circ}C$. Internal checks that often occur during normal heat treatment were not developed at SHS treatment. Also, SHS treatment are effective in control of internal checks occurrence and resin exudation.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.223-230
• /
• 1990

This study was carried out with the view of fundamental investigating to improve the tactile and the hygroscopicity of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers. Mono-sodium ethylene glycolate in ethylene glycol (MSEG-EG) solution was prepared and PET films were treated with it. The following conclusions were obtained. 1. The tensile strength decreased with increasing decomposition ratio while density, crystallinity and crystallite size increased with increasing decomposition ratio when PET films were treated with MSEG-EG solution. 2. Number of carboxyl end groups was increased until 10-20% decomposition ratio when PET films were treated with MSEG-EG solution. However, the decomposition ratio became more than 20%, the number of carboxyl end groups had tendency to decreased. 3. The surface tension of PET films increased for treating with MSEC-EG solution. Hydrogen bonding force and poler force among the components of surface tension increased while dispersion force among those decreased. 4. The moisture region of PET films increased with increasing decomposition ratio when PET films were treated with MSEG-EG solution.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2001

The purification, dissolution and powdering of stained waste silk obtained from weaving and dyeing process were studied for the surface modification of textile fabric and plastic materials. The whiteness of stained waste silk could be improved through degumming and bleaching with sodium hydrosulfite. The water-soluble fibroin solution can be obtained by dissoving the degummed waste silk in a boiling solution of 50% calcium chloride for 60 minutes. The salts and heavy metals contained in fibroin solution were removed by electric dialysis, wool fiber filtration and gel filtration chromatography. The fibroin powder was prepared by using a fine grinder after the alkali treatment for weakening the silk fiber. The fine fibroin powder of particle size around 30 ㎛ was obtained with a ultra fine-mill, while it was finer below 10 ㎛ with a ball-mill. The dissolved or powdered silk was applied to the surface of fabric with addition of the binder (a urethane resin). The moisture content of polyester and nylon fabrics treated with the silk solution was improved due to hygroscopic property of silk. The fine fibroin powder mixed with the binder ws coated on the surface of synthetic film by use of the air pressed sprayer. It was revealed that the hygroscopicity as well as the softness of fibroin powder coated film was much improved. Therefore, it is thought that the fine silk fibroin powder is applicable as an coating agent for the surface modification of plastic and synthetic leather.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2018

Active clay, bentonite and zeolite were used as porous materials for humidity controlling ceramic boards. The specific area and the pore volume of active clay were higher than bentonite and zeolite. The flexible strength of the gypsum board decreased with an increasing amount of porous material, and the flexible strength was lowest when active clay with a higher specific surface area than others porous materials was added. The specific surface area and total pore volume of ceramic boards containing porous material were highest at $102.25m^2/g$, $0.142cm^3/g$, respectively, when the active clay was added. In addition, as the amount of added porous materials increased, the specific surface area and total pore volume of the ceramic board increased, but the average pore diameter decreased. The addition of s porous materials with a high specific area and a large pore volume improved the moisture absorptive and desorptive performance of the ceramic board. Therefore, in this experiment, the moisture absorptive and desorptive properties were the best when active clay was added. Furthermore, as the amount of added porous materials increased, the moisture absorptive and desorptive properties improved. When 70 mass% of active clay was added to ${\alpha}$-type gypsum, the hygroscopicity was the highest, about $300g/m^2$, in this experiment.