• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.882-885
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• 2014

The duration and frequency of flooding and not last long, by the time climate change drought. The increased accordingly by reducing stream flow and year variation. This trend is expected to continue, and change towards a comprehensive analysis of such quantity, quality and management of water resources are managed. Flood warning system is called to perform them electronically to the management of water resources such as these to be in the organic water-related basic data acquisition, storage, processing and utilization. Can be divided into hydrological observations and flood warning systems alert system broadcast system. Hydrological observation system is the measurement from the hydrological stations (water level, rainfall, water) that can be observed hydrological status of the dam basin hydrological observation data transmitted to the central office, located at the dam monitoring and control system through a variety of networks including satellite, and the collected defined as the system that sent the K-water head office in 1 minute increments hydrological observation data. Headquartered in support of this decision. Dimensions of the dam are provided in addition to inward. Channeled through various hydrologic analysis and leveraging the data transfer. This paper looks at ways to build out hydrological observation system.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2005

We construct the hydrology-water quality monitoring system which can watch the variations of river flow and water quality in real time. We also construct the river management system through the hydrology-water quality monitoring system that can observe water quality and its variations for preparing for the accident of river pollution. The Gyecheon basin which is located at the upstream of Heoengseong dam is selected as an experimental watershed for the system construction. The real time monitoring system for getting more correct hydrological and water quality data consists of 3-rainfall gauge station, 3-water level gauge station, and 1-water quality gauge station. We intend that the data such as rainfall, water level, velocity, flow, and water quality will be collected and we try that the data may be used for practical and other purposes.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.55-63
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the stream water quality characteristics in Hengjeong Bridge Basin of Dongjin River during twelve months from October, 2010 to September, 2011. Also, pollutant loads were calculated on the basis of the water quality and runoff results. The results showed that ranges of water temperature, pH and EC were $6.2{\sim}23.90^{\circ}C$, 6.32~7.78, $84.4{\sim}126.5{\mu}S/cm$ respectively. The Concentration of DO, BOD, COD, SS, Tot-N and Tot-P were observed as 6.80~9.20 mg/L, 0.40~1.60 mg/L, 1.96~4.41 mg/L, 59.60~142.20 mg/L, 1.28~3.52 mg/L, 0.001~0.07 mg/L respectively. Tot-N showed correlativity with BOD, and Tot-P showed correlativity with SS. The runoff pollutant loading of Tot-N and Tot-P were 117.94 kg/ha and 2.06 kg/ha respectively, in Hengjeong bridge of Dongjin river watershed. In the case of the correlativity between runoff pollutant loads and concentrations, Tot-N and Tot-P show low significant relationships.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.3
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• pp.405-413
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• 2000

This study was conducted to develop an on-line monitoring system for a forest hydrological environment and its meteorological condition, such as temperature, wind direction and speed, rainfall and water level on V-notch, electrical conductivity(EC), potential of hydrogen(PH) by the motor drive sensor unit and measurement with a single-chip microprocessor as controller. These results are summarized as follows ; 1. The monitoring system consists of a signal process unit, motor drive sensor unit, radio modem unit and power supply. 2. The motor drive sensor unit protects the sensor from swift current or freezing and can constantly maintain fixed water level during measurements. 3. This monitoring system can transfer the data by radio modem. Additionally, this system can monitor hydrological conditions in real time. 4. The hardware was made of several modules with an independent CPU. They can be mounted, removed, repaired and added to. Their function can be changed and expanded. 5. These are the result of an accuracy test, the values of temperature, EC and pH measured within an error range of ${\pm}0.2^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}1{\mu}S$ and ${\pm}0.1pH$ respectively. 6. This monitoring system proved to be able to measure various factors for a forest hydrological environment in various experimental stations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

New Zealand is a hydrologically diverse and active country. This paper presents an overview of the major hydrological issues and problems facing New Zealand and provides examples of some the research being undertaken to solve the problems. Fundamental to any environmental decision making is the provision of good quality hydrometric data. Reduced funding for the national hydrometric network has meant a reduction in the number of monitoring sites, the decision on how to redesign the network was made using information on geographic coverage and importance of each site. New Zealand faces a major problem in understanding the impacts of rapid land use change on water quantity and quality. On top of the land use change is overlain the issue of agricultural intensification. The transfer of knowledge about impacts of change at the small watershed scale to much larger, more complex watersheds is one that is attracting considerable research attention. There is a large amount of research currently being undertaken to understand the processes of water and nutrient movement through the vadose zone into groundwater and therefore understanding the time taken for leached nutrients to reach receiving water bodies. The largest water management issue of the past 5 years has been based around fair and equitable water allocation when there is increasing demand for irrigation water. Apart from policy research into market trading for water there has been research into water storage and transfer options and improving irrigation efficiency. The final water management issue discussed concerns the impacts of hydrological extremes (floods and droughts). This is of particular concern with predictions of climate change for New Zealand suggesting increased hydrological extremes. Research work has concentrated on producing predictive models. These have been both detailed inundation models using high quality LIDAR data and also flood models for the whole country based on a newly interpolated grid network of rainfall.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.570-581
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• 2016

A watershed model was constructed using the Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran to predict the water quality, especially chlorophyll-a concentraion, at major tributaries of the Nakdong River basin, Korea. The BOD export loads for each land use in HSPF model were estimated at $1.47{\sim}8.64kg/km^2/day$; these values were similar to the domestic monitoring export loads. The T-N and T-P export loads were estimated at $0.618{\sim}3.942kg/km^2/day$ and $0.047{\sim}0.246kg/km^2/day$, slightly less than the domestic monitoring data but within the range of foreign literature values. The model was calibrated at major tributaries for a three-year period (2008 to 2010). The deviation values ranged from -31.5~1.6% of chlorophyll-a, -24.0~2.2% of T-N, and -5.7~34.8% of T-P. The root mean square error (RMSE) ranged from 4.3~44.4 ug/L for chlorophyll-a, -0.6~1.5 mg/L for T-N, and 0.04~0.18 mg/L for T-P, which indicates good calibration results. The operational water quality forecasting results for chlorophyll-a presented in this study were in good agreement with measured data and had an accuracy similar with model calibration results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2022

High-resolution data are needed to understand water body mixing patterns at river junctions. In particular, in river analysis, hydrological and water quality characteristics are used as basic data for aquatic ecological health, so observation through continuous monitoring is necessary. In addition, since measurement is carried out through a one-dimensional and fixed measurement method in existing monitoring systems, a hydrological and water quality characteristics investigation of an entire river, except for in the immediate vicinity of the measurement point, is not undertaken. In order to obtain high-resolution measurement data, a measurer has to consider multiple factors, and the area or time that can be measured is limited. Although the resolution might be lowered, an appropriate interpolation method must be selected in order to acquire a wide range of data. Therefore, in this study, a high-elevation measurement method at a river junction was introduced, and the interpolation method according to the measurement results was compared. The overall hydraulic and water quality information of the river was indicated through the visualization of the prediction and interpolation method in the low-resolution measurement result. By comparing each interpolation method, Inverse Distance Weighting, Natural Neighbor, and Kriging techniques were applied in river mapping to improve the precision of river mapping through visualized data and quantitative evaluation. It is thought that this study will offer a new method for measuring rivers through spatial interpolation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.238-238
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• 2015

There are demands for water environmental analysis of discharge processes in paddy fields, however, it is not fully understood in nutrients discharge process for watershed modeling. As hydrological processes both surface and ground water and agricultural water managements are so complex in paddy fields, the development of lowland paddy fields watershed model is more difficult than upland watershed model. In this research, the improvement of SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model for a paddy watershed was conducted. First, modification of surface inundated process was developed in improved pot hole option. Those modification was evaluated by monitoring data. Second, the monitoring data in river and drainage channel in lowland paddy fields from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed to understand discharge characteristics. As a case study, Imbanuma basin, Japan, was chosen as typical land and water use in Asian countries. In this basin, lowland paddy fields are irrigated from river water using small pumps that were located in distribution within the watershed. Daily hydrological fluctuation was too complex to estimate. Then, to understand surface and ground water discharge characteristics in irrigation (Apr-Aug) and non-irrigation (Sep-Mar) period, the water and material balance analysis was conducted. The analysis was composed two parts, watershed and river channel blocks. As results of model simulation, output was satisfactory in NSE, but uncertainty was large. It would be coming from discharge process in return water. The river water and ground water in paddy fields were exchanged each other in 5.7% and 10.8% to river discharge in irrigation and non-irrigation periods, respectively. Through this exchange, nutrient loads were exchanged between river and paddy fields components. It suggested that discharge from paddy fields was not only responded to rainfall but dynamically related with river water table. In general, hydrological models is assumed that a discharge process is one way from watershed to river. However, in lowland paddy fields, discharge process is dynamically changed. This function of paddy fields showed that flood was mitigated and temporally held as storage in ground water. Then, it showed that water quality was changed in mitigated function in the water exchange process in lowland paddy fields. In future, it was expected that hydrological models for lowland paddy fields would be developed with this mitigation function.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.994-999
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• 2010

The toxin of Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) during summer season has been a problem and early prevention should be considered. A variety of methods can be used to forecast algal blooms and this study aims at examining feasibility of chlorophyll-a. The real-time data were collected by automatic water quality monitoring system (AWQMS) in Daecheong reservoir and invalid data were sorted by experts. And then, the sorted data were filled using linear interpolation. When the concentration of chlorophyll-a increased by $15mg/m^3$, water temperature and pH exceeded $26.8^{\circ}C$ and 9.5 respectively. As a result of correlation between chlorophyll-a and other parameters(i.e. water quality items and hydrological data), temperature (r=0.502 - 0.574), pH (r=0.583 - 0.681), total organic carbon (TOC, r=0.583 - 0.681) comparably had higher values. Meanwhile, the data around a day or two showed the highest correlation. In addition, chlorophyll-a is considered to be significantly effected by precipitation and inflow.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Weather (AR5) predicts that recent severe hydrological events will affect the quality of water and increase water pollution. To analyze changes in water quality due to future climate change, input data (precipitation, average temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed, and solar radiation) were compiled into a representative concentration curve (RC), defined using 8.5. AR5 and future use are calculated based on land use. Semi-distributed emission model Calculate emissions for each target period. Meteorological factors affecting water quality (precipitation, temperature, and flow) were input into a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and an artificial neural network (ANN) to analyze the data. Extensive experimental studies of flow properties have been carried out. In addition, an Acoustic Doppler Velocity (ADV) device was used to monitor the flow of a large open channel connection in a wastewater treatment plant in Ho Chi Minh City. Observations were made along different streams at different locations and at different depths. Analysis of measurement data shows average speed profile, aspect ratio, vertical position Measure, and ratio the vertical to bottom distance for maximum speed and water depth. This result indicates that the transport effect of the compound was considered when preparing the hazard analysis.