• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2002

A series of waterbome poly(urethane-urea) anionomers were prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polycaprolactone diol (PCL), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), ethylene diamine (EDA), and triethylamine (TEA), NaOH, or Cu($(COOCH_3)_2$) as neutralizing agent. This study was performed to decide the effect of neutralizing agent type on the particle size viscosity, hydrogen bonding index, adhesive strength, antistaticity, antibacterial and mechanical properties. The particle size of the dispersions decreased in the following order: TEA based samples (T-sample), NaOH based samples (N-sample), and Cu($(COOCH_3)_2$) based sample (C-sample). The viscosity of the dispersions increased in the order of C-sample, N-sample, and T-sample. Metal salt based film samples Of and C-sample) had much higher antistaticity than TEA based sample. By infrared spectroscopy, it was found that the hydrogen bonding index (or fraction) of samples decreased in the order of T-sam-pie, N-sample, and C-sample. The adhesive strength and tensile modulus/strength decreased in the order of T-sample, N-sam-pie, and C-sample. The C-sample had strong antibacterial halo, however, T- and N-samples did not

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2019

Static compound parabolic collectors (CPCs) have advantages such as ease for fabrication and lower cost compared with other concentrating collectors. In this study, thermal performance analysis of CPC employing heat storage tank was carried out. The clearness index and capacity of heat storage tank are taken as the main parameters for numerical simulation. The effects of the parameters on the hourly and daily system performances ncluding the useful energy, heat loss, and collector efficiency were numerically investigated. Results showed that the system has a potential for efficient recovery of solar thermal energy.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

희석된 수소-공기 확산화염의 응향 응답 특성을 저압과 고압 영역에서의 화염 구조 해석을 토대로 수치적으로 조사하였다. 음향 주파수가 증가함에 따라 어느 압력 영역에서든 열방출율의 비선형 축적현상에 의해 유한 화학반응의 효과가 증진된다. 이는 결국 높은 음향 증폭으로 이어지게 된다. 동일한 계산 결과를 압력 감응 시간지연 모델에 의해 재해석하였다. 시간 지연 모델의 적절한 적용을 통해, 각 압력 영역에서 시간지연과 간섭지수 인자가 정량화되었다. 음향 증폭의 정도를 나타내는 간섭지수는 어느 압력 영역에서든 1000 Hz 근처에서 최고값을 나타내었고, 고압영역에서 화염이 더 불안정한 응답을 보였다. 음향 주파수에 따른 간섭지수의 변화 경향은 기존의 증폭지수 변화 경향과 잘 일치하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2000

다양한 수소처리 조건에 의하여 수소 처리된 광섬유에 광섬유 격자를 제작하여, 광섬유 코어 내에 포화된 수소분자 농도와 광섬유 격자의 굴절률 변화폭(photoinduced index modulation)과의 관계를 분석하여 보았다. 실험으로 측정된 광섬유 결자의 굴절률 변화폭은 코어 내에 수소분자 농도가 100ppm 증가함에 따라서 ${\sim}2{\times}10^{-5}$만큼 증가하였다. 그리고 광감도현상에 관여하는 전체결함, 즉 GeE' 센터와 GeH결함은 포화된 수소농도 100ppm 당 대략 $3.8{\times}10^{17}/cm^3$ 만큼 많아지는 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2198-2203
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• 2008

Hydrogen which can be produced through reforming process of hydrocarbon fuel is supplied into anode side of fuel cell system. In the fuel cell, only 70% of hydrogen is consumed through electrochemical reaction and 30% hydrogen passed by as anode off gas. When electrical output of fuel cell is within range of 1.0 to 3.0kW, burner for the reformer uses only anode off gas. And it uses mixture gas of anode off gas and LNG within range of 3.5 to 5.0kW in electrical output. CHEMKIN 4.1 program's Premixed code was used for calculating the properties of each gas. Results show that burning velocity and adiabatic flame temperature are 34.4cm/s, 1681.7K at equivalence ratio 0.8 within range of 1.0kW to 3.0kW and for cases of 3.5kW, 5.0kW, of electrical output, burning velocity and adiabatic flame temperature represent 30.5, 29.8cm/s and 1722.8, 1750K respectively. CO shows the lowest emission index at equivalence ratio 0.8 and NOx reveals the highest emission index at equivalence ratio 1.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 1999년도 제19회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.11-20
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• 1999

Acoustic pressure response and NO formation of hydrogen-air diffusion flames at various pressures are numerically studied by employing counterflow diffusion flame as a model flame let in turbulent flames in combustion chambers. The numerical results show that extinction strain rate increases linearly with pressure and then decreases, and increases again at high pressures. Thus, flames are classified into three pressure regimes. Such non-monotonic behavior is caused by the change in chemical kinetic behavior as pressure rises. Acoustic pressure response in each regime is investigated based on the Rayleigh criterion. At low pressures, pressure-rise causes the increase in flame temperature and chain branching/recombination reaction rates, resulting in increased heat release. Therefore, amplification in pressure oscillation is predicted. Similar phenomena are predicted at high pressures. At moderate pressures, weak amplification is predicted. Emission index of NO shows similar behaviors as to the peak-temperature variation with pressure.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 충주시의 음식물바이오에너지센터로부터 음식물류페기물의 혐기발효 처리 후 발생되는 바이오 가스를 전처리 및 고질화공정을 통해 이산화탄소 및 불순물을 제거한 바이오메탄을 원료로 그린수소를 생산하는 수소추출시스템 공정을 모델링하고 경제성 분석을 수행하였다. 고질화된 바이오메탄은 개질 및 정제공정을 통해 하루 약 500 kg의 고순도 수소가 생산되며, 공정모델의 수소생산량 결과를 토대로 현재 실증을 위해 구축하고 있는 그린수소충전소 수소추출시스템의 경제성 분석을 수행하였다. 경제성 분석 결과, 수소추출시스템의 구축년도를 제외한 15년의 사업운영 후 순현재가치는 38억3천1백만 원, 수익성지수법 1.42 및 내부수익률 20.25%로 사회적 할인율 4.5%를 상회하므로 타당성 확보가 가능하다 판단된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2008

In general, the entire of paper mulberry bark, which is not cut into pieces with an appropriate length, have been used in the pulping. This kind of pulping method couldn't accomplish the improvement of beating and sheet forming efficiency. For this reason, we investigated the effects of the cutting length of paper mulberry bast fiber on pulping and Hanji (Korean traditional paper) properties, in order to develop high quality Hanji manufacturing process. The cutting length variation of paper mulberry white bast did not great effects on pulp yields. The pulp yields based on pulping methods were sulfomethylated pulping av. 57.4%, alkali-hydrogen peroxide pulping av. 55.4%, and alkaline pulping av. 53.5% respectively. The optical properties such as brightness, opacity, scattering coefficient, and absorption coefficient were slightly improved by the increase of paper mulberry white bast cutting length. The increase of paper mulberry white bast cutting length resulted in poor sheet formation. Physical properties such as breaking length, TEA, tear index, burst index, and folding endurance were slightly improved by the increase of cutting length. The modified pulping processes, which used sulfomethylated method and alkali-hydrogen peroxide method, showed better pulp and sheet properties than conventional alkaline pulping.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.563-566
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• 2002

We investigated to decrease the leakage current of SiNx film by employing $N_2$ plasma treatment. The insulator layers were prepared by two step process; the $N_2$ plasma treatment and then PECVD SiNx deposition with $SiH_4$, $N_2$ gases. To prove the influence of the $N_2$ plasma treatment, the Si substrate was exposed to the plasma, which was generated in Ne gas ambient. Without plasma treatment SiNx film grow at the rate of 7. 03 nm/min, has a refractive index n = 1.77 and hydrogen content of $2.16{\times}10^{22}cm^{-3}$ for $N_2/SiH_4$ gas flow ratio of 20. The obtained films were analyzed in terms of deposition rates, refractive index, hydrogen concentration, and electrical properties. By employing $N_2$ plasma treatment, interface traps such as mobile charges and injected charges were removed, hysteresis of capacitance-voltage (C-V) disappeared. We observed plasma treated sample were decreased the leakage current density reduces by 2 orders with respect to the sample having no plasma treatment.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of super heated steam on the physical and chemical changes of burley cut tobacco. Total sugar, total alkaloid, ether extracts, crude ash, total nitrogen and pH for leaf chemical constituents were analyzed. Filling power and fineness index for physical properties, and carbonyl compounds, phenol compounds, amonia, pH, hydrogen cyanide nicotine, carbon monoxide, total volatile base and tar for smoke components were also analyzed. The cut tobacco treated with super heated steam showed significant decrease in total sugar and total alkaloid. The filling power of the sample treated with the super heated steam system was increased abruptly when heated at over 250℃. The fineness index showed similar tendency to that of common toast method. Super heated steam treatment slightly decreased carbonyl compounds, phenol compounds, hydrogen cyanide, nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar in the tobacco. Especially the decrease of ammonia was the most remarkable. The pH of smoke was a little different compared with that in the common toast. The sensory test results showed that, compared to the common conveyer moving system, the tobacco treated with super heated steam system brought out more roasted flavor, lowered impact, irritation, and sting, further improved aftertaste, and lowered bitterness. The super heated steam treatment method used in the studies is expected to give better filling power, mild taste and toasted odor of tobacco than that of the common method for toast treatment. Key words : burley tobacco, super heated steam, expansion, toast.