• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.346-353
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• 2010

Hydrogen fueled vehicle was evaluated as one of the next-generation technology that will be able to solve the global warming, depletion of fossil fuel and etc. The practical use of hydrogen fueled vehicle, nevertheless, is being delayed more than expected schedule due to various causes. In order to promote the dissemination of hydrogen fueled vehicle, development status and obstacle factors of practical use for hydrogen fueled vehicles were reviewed and the strategy plans for dissemination promotion were proposed. Hydrogen fueled vehicles are included the hydrogen fuel cell, neat and enriched hydrogen fueled engines. The technicalness, economy, safety, cognizance, system, support and etc were considered in the strategy plans.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2010

Trends of the automotive market require the application of new engine technologies, which allows for the use of different types of fuel. Since ethanol is a renewable source of energy and it contributes to lower $CO_2$ emissions, ethanol produced from biomass is expected to increase in use as an alternative fuel. It is recognized that for spark ignition (SI) engines ethanol has advantages of high octane number and high combustion speed. In spite of the advantages of ethanol, fuel supply system might be affected by fuel blends with ethanol like a wear and corrosion of electric fuel pumps. So the on-board hydrogen production out of ethanol reforming can be considered as an alternative plan. This paper investigates the influence of ethanol fuel on SI engine performance, thermal efficiency and emissions. The results obtained from experiments have shown that specific fuel consumption has increased by increasing ethanol amount in the blend whereas decreased by the use of hydrogen-enriched gas. The combustion characteristics with hydrogen-enriched gaseous fuel from ethanol reforming are also examined.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.2928-2933
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• 2008

Trends of the automotive market require the application of new engine technologies, which allows for the use of different types of fuel. Since ethanol is a renewable source of energy and it contributes to lower $CO_2$ emissions, ethanol produced from biomass is expected to increase in use as an alternative fuel. It is recognized that for spark ignition (SI) engines ethanol has advantages of high octane number and high combustion speed. In spite of the advantages of ethanol, fuel supply system might be affected by fuel blends with ethanol like a wear and corrosion of electric fuel pumps. So the on-board hydrogen production out of ethanol reforming can be considered as an alternative plan. This paper investigates the influence of ethanol fuel on SI engine performance, thermal efficiency and emissions. The combustion characteristics with hydrogen-enriched gaseous fuel from ethanol reforming are also examined.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.334-342
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• 2009

Trends in the automotive market require the application of new engine technologies, which allows for the use of different types of fuel. Since ethanol is a renewable source of energy and has lower $CO_2$ emissions than gasoline, ethanol produced from biomass is expected to be used more frequently as an alternative fuel. It is recognized that for spark ignition (SI) engines, ethanol has the advantages of high octane number and high combustion speed. Due to the disadvantages of ethanol, it may cause extra wear and corrosion of electric fuel pumps. On-board hydrogen production out of ethanol is an alternative plan. This paper investigates the influence of ethanol fuel on SI engine performance, thermal efficiency and emissions. The combustion characteristics with hydrogen-enriched gaseous fuel from ethanol are also examined. As a result, thermal efficiency increase compared to gasoline. Also, reductions in $CO_2$, NOx, and THC combustion products for ethanol vs. gasoline are described.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2007

The effects of hydrogen enrichment to methane on NOx formation have been investigated with swirl stabilized pre-mixed hydrogen enriched methane flame in a laboratory-scale pre-mixed combustor(nominally of 5,000 kcal/hr). The hydrogen enriched methane fuel and air were mixed in a pre-mixer and introduced to the combustor through different degrees of swirl vanes. The flame stability was examined for different amount of hydrogen addition to the methane fuel, different combustion air flow rates and swirl strengths by comparing equivalence ratio at the lean flame limit. The hydrogen addition effects and swirl intensity on the combustion characteristics of pre-mixed methane flames were examined using gas analyzers, and OH chemiluminescence techniques to provide information about species concentration of emission gases and flowfield. The results of NOx and CO emissions were compared with a diffusion flame type combustor. The results show that the lean stability limit depends on the amount of hydrogen addition and the swirl intensity. The lean stability limit is extended by hydrogen addition, and is reduced for higher swirl intensity at lower equivalence ratio. The addition of hydrogen increases the NOx emission, however, this effect can be reduced by increasing either the excess air or swirl intensity. The NOx emission of hydrogen enriched methane premixed flame was lower than the corresponding diffusion flame under the fuel lean condition.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2015

Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environmental pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in a LPG engine. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for the emit HC emission characteristics at cold start of pre-mixed LPG and hydrogen in a LPG engine with various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. To maintain equal volume ratio of fuel blend, the amount of HC was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. The results showed that as hydrogen increases, in-cylinder pressure increased. Also emission of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) is sharply decreased.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1196-1202
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• 2003

The concept of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine can be essentially characterized as low emissions and reduction of backfire for hydrogen engine. The purpose of study is obtaining low-emission and high-efficiency in LPG engine with hydrogen enrichment. In order to determine the ideal compression ratio, a variable compression ratio single cylinder engine was developed. The objective of this paper is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enriched LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission, thermal efficiency and performance. The compression ratio of 8 was selected to minimize abnormal combustion. To maintain equal heating value, the amount of LPG was decreased, and hydrogen was gradually added. In a similar manner, the relative air-fuel ratio was increased from 0.8 to 1.3 in increment of 0.1, and the ignition timing was controlled to be at MBT each case.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.213-221
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• 2016

The main purpose of this work is to test the validation of use of a four step reaction mechanism to simulate the laminar speed of hydrogen enriched methane flame. The laminar velocities of hydrogen-methane-air mixtures are very important in designing and predicting the progress of combustion and performance of combustion systems where hydrogen is used as fuel. In this work, laminar flame velocities of different composition of hydrogen-methane-air mixtures (from 0% to 40% hydrogen) have been calculated for variable equivalence ratios (from 0.5 to 1.5) using the flame propagation module (FSC) of the chemical kinetics software Chemkin 4.02. Our results were tested against an extended database of laminar flame speed measurements from the literature and good agreements were obtained especially for fuel lean and stoichiometric mixtures for the whole range of hydrogen blends. However, in the case of fuel rich mixtures, a slight overprediction (about 10%) is observed. Note that this overprediction decreases significantly with increasing hydrogen content. This research demonstrates that reduced chemical kinetics mechanisms can well reproduce the laminar burning velocity of methane-hydrogen-air mixtures at lean and stoichiometric mixture flame for hydrogen content in the fuel up to 40%. The use of such reduced mechanisms in complex combustion device can reduce the available computational resources and cost because the number of species is reduced.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.351-362
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• 2020

Recently, renewable power is rapidly increasing globally due to extensive effort to mitigate climate change and conventional power generation industry faces new challenges. The gas turbine technology has potentials to expand its role in future power generation based on the intrinsic characteristics such as fuel diversity and fast load following ability. Hydrogen is one of the most promising fuel in terms of reducing emissions and storing variable renewable energy and replacing hydrocarbon fuel with hydrogen has become very popular. Therefore, this paper presents the core technologies to combust hydrogen added fuel efficiently in gas turbines and the analysis of domestic and international R&D trends.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-235
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• 2012

Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environmental pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in constant volume chamber. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for the combustion and emission characteristics of pre-mixed hydrogen and LPG in a constant volume chamber (CVC) with various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. To maintain equal heating value of fuel blend, the amount of LPG was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. Exhaust emissions were measured using a HORIBA exhaust gas analyzer for various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. The results showed that the rapid combustion duration was shortened, and the rate of heat release elevated as the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend was increased. Moreover, the maximum rate of pressure rise also increased. These phenomena were attributed to the burning velocity which increased exponentially with the increased hydrogen fraction in the $H_2$-LPG fuel blend. Exhaust HC and $CO_2$ concentrations decreased, while NOX emission increased with an increase in the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend. Our results could facilitate the application of hydrogen and LPG as a fuel in the current fossil hydrocarbon-based economy and the strict emission regulations in internal combustion engines.