• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.55-57
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• 2006

Cyanides and Hydrogen cyanide are used in production of chemicals, electroplating, photographic development, making plastics, fumigating ships, and some mining processes. We experienced of Hydrogen cyanide inhalation injury. A 45-year-old man worked at electroplating. As soon as he mixed sodium cyanide with acid, cyanide produced hydrogen cyanide, occasionally he inhaled Hydrogen cyanide and he lost his consciousness. He was moved to near hospital and took emergency treatment and then was transferred to our hospital. On arrival he had severe dyspnea, metabolic acidosis, and tachycardia. After he was treated with supportive method he recovered his consciousness in 20 hours at emergency room.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.423-429
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• 1974

$ {\alpha}$-Cyano-$ {\beta}$-piperonylacrylic acid(CPA)에 대한 hydorogen cyanide의 진핵성 첨가 반응속도 상수를 측정하여 넓은 pH범위에서 잘 맞는 반응 속도식을 구하였다. 이 식에 의하면 pH3이하에서는 CPA에 대해 hydrogen cyanide분자의 첨가 반응이 일어나지만 pH6에서 8사이는 hydrogen cyanide가 $ {\alpha}$-cyano-$ {\beta}$-piperonyl acrylate ion에 첨가함을 알수 있고, 또 pH 3과 6사이에서는 이들 두 반응이 경쟁적으로 일어난다. 그리고 pH9이상에서는 $ {\alpha}$-cyano-$ {\beta}$-piperonyl acrylate ion에 cyanide ion이 첨가하는 반응이 일어나며 pH3에서 9까지의 모든 복잡한 반응 메카니즘도 이식으로 충분히 설명할 수 있음을 알았다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.214-217
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• 2011

바나나, 오렌지 및 파인애플을 대상으로 시안화수소 처리후 잔류 특성을 평가하여 과실류에 대한 메틸브로마이드 대체 훈증제 개발 가능성을 조사하였다. 메틸브로마이드 훈증소독시 3일차에서 잔류량이 오렌지와 바나나에서는 1 mg/kg 미만 수준으로 나타났고, 파인애플의 경우에도 1 mg/kg을 조금 상회하는 수준으로 잔류허용 기준치 50 mg/kg을 훨씬 하회하고 있어 메틸브로마이드 잔류로 인한 독성문제는 우려할 수준이 아닌 것으로 평가되었다. 시안화수소 훈증소독의 경우 3일차에서 오렌지 50-60%, 바나나 70-80% 그리고 파인애플 50% 정도 분해 소실된 것으로 나타나, 잔류허용 기준치 5 mg/kg을 하회하는 1 mg/kg 미만 수준으로 나타났다. 이는 향후 메틸브로마이드 대체 훈증제로서 시안화수소의 사용이 가능함을 뒷받침하는 유용한 결과로 판단된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.336-342
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• 2019

Introduction: An unexpected death was reported in a beginner immediately after starting the work at a plating factory. After the incident, air sampling was performed using a simulation of the situation as it had been at the time. Methods: To evaluate the airborne concentration of hydrogen cyanide, a total of six samples were collected: one personal sample, three area samples, and two background samples (office and outdoors). Hydrogen cyanide measurement was performed according to the standard sampling protocol recommended by the U.S. NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health). Results: The highest concentration of hydrogen cyanide was 0.938 ppm measured in a sample collected from the plating bath area with local exhaust ventilation. This value was approximately 20% of the ceiling occupational exposure limit. The personal sample showed a concentration of 0.135 ppm. Samples collected near the bath in which the incident occurred and a dehydrator showed hydrogen cyanide concentrations of 0.236 ppm and 0.101 ppm, respectively. Hydrogen cyanide was not detected in the background samples (office and outdoors). Conclusions: It is necessary to use proper ventilation systems and respirators in plating factories to prevent acute poisoning. Furthermore, it is important to educate and train new workers dealing with toxic substances.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2018

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are parasites that attack many field crops and orchard trees, and affect both the quantity and quality of the products. A root-colonizing bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, possesses beneficial traits including strong nematicidal activity. To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the nematicidal activity of P. chlororaphis O6, we constructed two mutants; one lacking hydrogen cyanide production, and a second lacking an insecticidal toxin, FitD. Root drenching with wild-type P. chlororaphis O6 cells caused juvenile mortality in vitro and in planta. Efficacy was not altered in the fitD mutant compared to the wild-type but was reduced in both bioassays for the mutant lacking hydrogen cyanide production. The reduced number of galls on tomato plants caused by the wild-type strain was comparable to that of a standard chemical nematicide. These findings suggest that hydrogen cyanide-producing root colonizers, such as P. chlororaphis O6, could be formulated as "green" nematicides that are compatible with many crops and offer agricultural sustainability.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.165-168
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• 2010

• 미생물학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.258-263
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• 2008

대표적인 식물병원성 곰팡이 인 Phytophthora infestans와 Fusarium oxysporum의 생장을 저해하는 근권세균들을 토양에서 분리하여 동정하였으며 이 균주들이 분비하는 항진균성 물질인 siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide와 chitinase의 생성능을 조사하였다. 분리균주 중 Bacilus sp. RFO41은 F. oxysporum의 생장을 가장 효율적으로 억제하였으며, siderophore 생성능과 $\beta-1$,3-glucanase의 활성이 가장 우수하였다. 또 다른 분리균주인 Bacilus sp. PS2는 P. infestans의 생장을 가장 많이 억제하였으며, chitinase 활성과 hydrogen cyanide 생성능이 가장 우수하였다. F. oxysporum과 P. infestans에 대한 항진균 효과는 근권세균이 생산하는 siderophore, $\beta-1$,3-glucanase, hydrogen cyanide와 chitinase의 활성에 따라 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2009

Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is present in both the particulate and vapor phase of cigarette mainstream smoke. It is one of the 44 harmful substances on Hoffmann's list and is known to be a major ciliatoxic agent in cigarette mainstream smoke. Typically the determination of HCN in cigarette mainstream smoke has been done through colorimetric and electrochemical techniques, such as UV-spectrophotometry (UV), continuous flow analyzer (CFA), ion chromatography (IC) and capillary GC-ECD. In particular, CFA commonly has been using analysis hydrogen cyanide in cigarette smoke and the basic principle is pyridine-pyrazolone reaction. In this study, the more optimized analytical method is suggested isonicotinic acid-pyrazolone reaction method than previous pyridine-pyrazolone reaction method, a commonly used method for the determination of cyanide in water and air, by CFA. Sample collection was optimized by trapping particulate and vapor phase of smoke separately. The optimum NaOH concentration of the trapping solution was shown to be 0.2 M. HCN was stable up to 6 hours in this concentration but only 3 hours in 0.1 M solution. The sensitivity of this method was fairly good and it might be used in analysis of HCN in cigarette mainstream smoke.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1997

A modified procedure for electroplating wastewater treatment using formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide can destroy free cyanide. The representative diagram which is quite sensitive on reaction temperature is showed for this kinds of treatment. Principally free cyanide and some kinds of cyanide complex should be treated first, and then toxic heavy metals can be removed because cyanide component will be inhibited to remove other pollutants, if it is not destroyed perfectly. Formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide are added in controlled amounts to cyanide treatment tank. Reasonable amounts of these chemicals are (HCHO/CN)=0.9 and ($H_2O_2/CN$)=1.1 in molar ratios, it is also variable on reaction temperature. Of course, actual treatment processes depending on plating material and chemical are good applicable, also to systematize operation manual for treating electroplating wastewater process, further works are desirable.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.168.2-169
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• 2003

Hydrogen cyanide is one of the toxic agents with carbon monooxide in fire victims and is released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic material such as plastic and wool. Until now there are few reports about blood cyanide concentrations in fatalities by fire in Korea. So in this study we examined blood cyanide concentration in 12 cases of fire fatalities. (omitted)