• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2019

Hydrogen sulfide is well-known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities, and also has protective effects in the liver. This study aimed to examine the protective effect of hydrogen sulfide in rats with hepatic encephalopathy, which was induced by mild bile duct ligation. In this rat model, bile ducts were mildly ligated for 26 days. Rats were treated for the final 5 days with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS). NaHS ($25{\mu}mol/kg$), 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, or silymarin (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once per day for 5 consecutive days. Mild bile duct ligation caused hepatotoxicity and inflammation in rats. Intraperitoneal NaHS administration reduced levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, which are indicators of liver disease, compared to levels in the control mild bile duct ligation group. Levels of ammonia, a major causative factor of hepatic encephalopathy, were also significantly decreased. Malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, catalase, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ levels were measured to confirm antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors with neurotoxic activity were assessed for subunit NMDA receptor subtype 2B. Based on these data, NaHS is suggested to exhibit hepatoprotective effects and guard against neurotoxicity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2022

Purpose: This study is about photocatalytic technology and plasma oxidation-reduction technology. To the main cause of exposure to odor pollution, two deodorization techniques were applied to develop a module with higher removal efficiency and ozone reduction effect. Research design, data and methodology: A composite module was constructed by arranging two types of dry deodorization equipment (catalyst, adsorbent) in one module. This method was designed to increase the responsiveness to the components of complex odors and the environment. standard, unity, two types of oxidizing photo-catalyst technology and plasma dry deodorization device installed in one module to increase the potential by reduction to 76% of ozone, 100%, and 82%. Results: The complex odor disposal efficiency was 92%. Ammonia was processed with 50% hydrogen sulfide and 100% hydrogen sulfide, and ozone was 0.01ppm, achieving a target value of 0.07ppm or less. The combined odor showed a disposal efficiency of 93%, ammonia was 82% and hydrogen sulfide was 100% processed, and ozone achieved a target value of 0.07 ppm or less. Conclusions: Ozone removal efficiency was 76% by increasing Oxidation-Reduction Reaction(ORR). The H2S removal efficiency of the deodorizer was higher than that of the biofilter system currently used in sewage disposal plants.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2022

Purpose: As interest in odor increases, odor complaints are also rapidly increasing. Traditional markets are not included in malodor control areas and are not easy to manage, so measure the odor substances generated in traditional markets and analyze the cause of high concentration points. Research design, data and methodology: The average value was presented by continuously measuring the combined odor, TVOC, hydrogen sulfide, and ammonia for 5 minutes at 100m intervals in Joong-ang traditional market, Jayu traditional market, Doraemi traditional market, and Sundae Alley in Wonju, Gangwon-do. In each market, up to the third highest concentration point for each measurement item was marked and analyzed. Results: The Joong-ang traditional market, Doraemi traditional market, and Sundae Alley had high readings at the intersection. The Jayu traditional market had high measurements around restaurants and clothing stores. In addition, the concentration of complex malodors was also high at the points where the hydrogen sulfide concentration was measured. Conclusions: Odor generated in traditional markets is an important indicator for merchants and consumers. Therefore, in future studies, analysis that can supplement the limitations of measurement data and seasonal effects is needed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권6호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2022

The amount of natural gas that is used on a worldwide scale is continuously going up. Natural gas and acidic components, such as hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, cause significant corrosion damage to transmission lines and equipment in various quantities. One of the fundamental processes in natural gas processing is the separation of acid gases, among which the safety and environmental needs due to the high toxicity of hydrogen sulfide and also to prevent wear and corrosion of pipelines and gas transmission and distribution equipment, the necessity of sulfide separation Hydrogen is more essential than carbon dioxide and other compounds. Given this problem's significance, this endeavor aims to extend the lifespan of the transmission lines' pipes for gas and oil. Zinc oxide nanoparticles made from the environmentally friendly source of Allium scabriscapum have been employed to accomplish this crucial purpose. This is a simple, safe and cheap synthesis method compared to other methods, especially chemical methods. The formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles was shown by forming an absorption peak at a wavelength of about 355 nm using a spectrophotometric device and an X-ray diffraction pattern. The size and morphology of synthesized nanoparticles were determined by scanning and transmission electron microscope, and the range of size changes of nanoparticles was determined by dynamic light scattering device.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2020

Recently, as the income level and quality of life have improved, the desire for a pleasant environment has increased, and a deodorization plan is required through thorough prevention and diffusion of odorous substances in waste treatment facilities recognized as hateful facilities, appropriate collection, and selection of the right prevention facilities. In this study, a waste disposal facility was modeled and computerized analysis for odor and ventilation analysis was conducted. Numerical analysis of the waste treatment facility was performed at the size of the actual plant. CATIA V5 R16 for numerical model generation and ANSYS FLUENT V.13 for general purpose flow analysis were used as analysis tools. The average air-age of the internal was 329 seconds, and the air-flow velocity was 0.384m/s. The odor diffusion analysis inside the underground pump room showed congestion-free air circulation through streamline distribution and air-age distribution. This satisfies the ASHRAE criteria. In addition, the results of diffusion analysis of odorous substances such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide were all expected to satisfy the regulatory standards. Particularly in the case of the waste loading area, the air-flow velocity was 0.297m/s, and the result of meeting the regulatory standards with 0.167ppm of ammonia, 0.00548ppm of hydrogen sulfide, 0.003ppm of methyl mercaptan, and 0.003ppm of dimethyl sulfide was found.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.342-347
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• 2011

The effect of SNC(silver nano colloid) on the emission reduction of odors such as ammonia ($NH_3$), hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), and methane ($CH_4$) from swine excreta was studied. Silver has been used as an universal antibiotic substance and can reduce the emission of some gases by sterilizing action. Therefore, an apparatus which produces SNC was developed and was conducted its performance test. Also, the SNC made by the apparatus was applied to swine excreta sampled from a piggery in oder to find the effect on the reduction of odor emission. An electrolysis apparatus was developed to produce SNC and its capacity was 0.024 ppm/$hr{\cdot}L$. The effects of SNC on the reduction of odor emission from swine excreta were tested for bad smell gases of ammonia ($NH_3$), hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) and methane ($CH_4$). For ammonia gas, factorial experiments were conducted to find the effects of concentration and application rate of SNC. The test results for the different concentrations of 20 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm showed that the more concentration of SNC was increased, the more emission reduction of ammonia gas increased. From the test results about the effect of application rate, the more SNC was applied, the more emission reduction of $NH_3$ increased. In order to reduce the concentration of $NH_3$ below 5 ppm, SNC of 50 ppm is recommended to be applied at an interval of 6 hours, and is mixed with swine excreta in the volumetric ratio of 4:1. For hydrogen sulfide gas, the concentration was decreased as time went by and was reduced rapidly in the first stage of the tests for all applied concentrations of SNC (20 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm). Especially, when 100 ml of SNC with 100 ppm was applied, emission of hydrogen sulfide gas was reduced rapidly during early 4 hours after the application of SNC. And, concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas was maintained below 20 ppm after 12 hours. For methane gas, t-test showed that there was no significance on the effect of its application for all applied concentrations of SNC. Therefore, it was concluded that the application of SNC on swine excreta had no effect on the emission reduction of $CH_4$.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.549-556
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• 1995

일본 뢰호내해 빈산소수괴의 형성에 따른 황화수소의 발생이 꽃게, Portunus trituberulatus의 자원량이 미치는 영향을 간접적으로 파악하기 위하여 이들의 생존, 섭이활동 및 대사률에 미치는 빈산소와 황화수소의 복합적 영향에 관한 실험을 하였다. 빈산소조건에서 꽃게의 생존, 섭이활동 및 대사률은 용존산소가 각각 2.14, 1.41, 및 3.35mg/l에서 유의한 저하가 인정되었다. 또한 복합 조건하에서 꽃게의 생존율은 용존산소 1.86mg/l이하에서 황화수소농도 $(12.35 {\mu}g/l)$, 섭이활동은 용존산소 1.86mg/l이하와 황화수소농도 $(12.35 {\mu}g/l)$, 대사률은 용존산소 2.97mg/l이하와 $(13.12 {\mu}g/l)$의 황화수소농도에서 유의한 저하를 나타내었다. 아울러 용존산소 1.86mg/1이하와 황화수소농도 $(12.35 {\mu}g/l)$의 복합 조건하에서는 빈산소조건하에 비해 그들의 생존과 섭이활동율이 한층더 감소하였다. 꽃게의 서식지인 뢰호내해의 각 해역에서는 하기의 용존산소량과 황화수소가 각각 2.0mg/l이하, $15{\mu}g/l)$이 상이 보고되고 있어 이곳에 서식하는 꽃게의 자윈량의 감소가 예상된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.402-411
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aims to assess the concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide according to task unit area at swine farms. Methods: A total of six swine farms were selected for this study. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were monitored using a real-time multi-gas monitor which could sample the gases simultaneously. The sampling was done in the pig building, manure storage facility and composting facility of each farm. Results: The concentration of ammonia in the pig buildings(GM 22.6 ppm, GSD 2.3) was significantly higher(p<0.0001) than in the manure storage facilities(GM 10.4 ppm, GSD 2.7) and composting facilities(GM 8.6 ppm, GSD 2.8). The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the manure storage facilities(GM 9.8 ppm, GSD 3.2) was higher(p<0.0001) than in the pig buildings(GM 2.3 ppm, GSD 2.3) and composting facilities(GM 1.9 ppm, GSD 2.5). In particular, the levels of hydrogen sulfide in the confined manure storage facilities were higher than those in open-type facilities and the peak concentration(98 ppm) in the confined facilities was approximate to 100 ppm, at the value of Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health(IDLH). Conclusions: Suffocation accidents caused by hazardous gases at a swine farm have occurred annually. Real-time monitoring of the hazards should be done in order to protect farm workers and livestock from the sudden accidents.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 가축분뇨 자원화시설에서 배출되는 주요 악취물질을 대상으로 계절별 현장 방문 조사를 통해 전반적인 악취발생 현황을 파악하고 가축분뇨 자원화시설 운용시 효율적으로 적용될 수 있는 악취 저감대책을 설정하기 위한 기초 데이터 구축이다. 횡형 로터리 (Rotary) 교반방식의 퇴비화시설 내부의 암모니아 발생 농도는 봄철은 84.3 (${\pm}15.2$) ppm, 여름철은 115.2 (${\pm}34.7$) ppm, 가을철은 76.2(${\pm}18.9$) ppm, 겨울철은 38.1 (${\pm}10.4$) ppm으로 측정되었다. 분석 결과 여름철이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났고, 다음으로 가을철 > 봄철 > 겨울철인 것으로 조사되었다 (p<0.05). 반면 황화수소 발생 농도는 봄철은 7.46(${\pm}2.24$) ppm, 여름철은 9.42 (${\pm}2.82$) ppm, 가을철은 8.15 (${\pm}3.06$) ppm, 겨울철은 10.18 (${\pm}4.11$) ppm으로 측정되었다. 분석 결과 겨울철이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났고, 다음으로 여름철 > 가을철 > 봄철인 것으로 조사되었으나, 계절별 통계적 차이는 유의하지 않은 것으로 조사되었다 (p>0.05).

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.235-239
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• 2004

대하, Fenneropenenaeus chinensis 치하를 대상으로 빈산소, 암모니아 및 황화수소에 대한 장기생존 및 성장에 미치는 영향을 24일간 조사하였다. 2.5 mg/L이하의 용존산소에 노출된 대하 치하는 유의한 성장감소를 나타내었으며 , 3.0 mg/L이하의 농도 에서 일간성장률 및 사료효율이 대조구와 비교하여 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 암모니아 농도별 노출에 따른 대하의 생존율을 조사한 결과 2.0 mg/L이상의 농도구에서 대조구와 비교하여 생존 감소를 나타내었고, 1.0 mg/L이상 및 0.5 mg/L이상의 암모니아 농도에 노출된 대하 치하는 대조구에 비해 각각 일간성장율 및 사료효율에 영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한, 24일간 황화수소에 대한 대하의 생존율은 노출농도와 노출기간이 증가할수록 생존율이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 경향은 대하 치하의 성장에도 영향을 나타내어 일간성장율과 사료효율이 0.07 mg/L 및 0.05 mg/L 이상의 농도에서 각각 대조구에 비해 유의한 감소가 나타났다.