• Resources Recycling
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.48-59
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• 2016

The earth has been warming due to $CO_2$ gas emissions from fossil fuel cars and a ship. So the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle(FCV) using hydrogen as a fossil fuel alternative energy is in the spotlight. Hyundai Motor Company of Korea and a car companies of the US, Japan, Germany is developing a FCV a competitive. Obtained hydrogen as a by-product of the coke plant, oil refineries, chemical plants of steel mill, coal is reacted with steam at high temperatures, methane gas, manufacture of high purity hydrogen Methane Steam Reforming and hydrogen detachable reforming method using the Pressure Swing Adsorption or Membrane Reforming technical or decomposition of water to produce electricity. Hydrogen is the electronic industry, metal and chemical industries, which are used as rocket fuel, etc. are used in factories, hospitals, home of the fuel Ene.Farm system or FCV. And a method of storing hydrogen is to store liquid hydrogen and a method for compressing normal hydrogen to the hydrogen container, by storing the latest hydride or Organic chemical hydride method is used to carry the hydrogen station. Korea is currently 13 hydrogen stations in place and in operation, plans to install a further 43 places.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.305-316
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• 2022

Hydrogen energy is emerging as an alternative to the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental problems, and the use of hydrogen vehicles is increasing in the automobile industry as well. However, since hydrogen has a wide flammability limit of 4 to 75%, there is a high concern about safety in case of a hydrogen car accident. In particular, in semi-enclosed spaces such as tunnels and underground parking lots, a fire or explosion accompanied by hydrogen leakage is highly likely to cause a major accident. Therefore, it is necessary to review hydrogen safety through analysis of flammability areas caused by hydrogen leakage. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the air velocity in the tunnel on the flammability area was investigated by analyzing the hydrogen concentration according to the hydrogen leakage conditions of hydrogen vehicles and the air velocity in the tunnel in a road tunnel with standard section. Hydrogen leakage conditions were set as one tank leaking and three tanks leaking through the TPRD at the same time and a condition in which a large crack occurred and leaked. And the air velocity in the tunnel were considered 0, 1, 2.5, and 4.0 m/s. As a result of the analysis of the flammability area, it is shown that when the air velocity of 1 m/s or more exists, it is reduced by up to 25% compared to the case of air velocity of 0 m/s. But there is little effect of reducing the flammability area according to the increase of the wind speed. In particular, when a large crack occurs and completely leaks in about 2.5 seconds, the flammability area slightly increases as the air velocity increases. It was found that in the case of downward ejection, hydrogen gas remains under the vehicle for a considerably long time.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 2015

The interest of New Renewable Energy is increasing globally because of the increment of the uncertainty for the energy's supply and demand, and the increment of the frequency in weather anomaly and its damages. One of the New Renewable Energies, Hydrogen receives attention as the future energy that can deal with global environment regulation. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) is an environment-friendly vehicle that uses Hydrogen as fuel. The electric power for FCEV is generated by chemical reaction with Oxygen from the air and Hydrogen. Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) has developed a proprietary fuel cell system since 2005. In 2012, HMC is the first car maker that mass-produces the ix35 FCEV to the worldwide such as North America, Europe, etc. In order to develop and improve the FCEV technology, data acquisition and analysis of the driving vehicle information is essential. Therefore, the monitoring system is developed, which is consist of datalogger, Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) server and main server. Especially, WCDMA technology is integrated into the system which enables the data analysis without any restriction of time and region. The main function of the system is the analysis of the driving pattern and the component durability, and the safety monitoring. As a result, ix35 FCEV has successfully developed by using the developed monitoring system. The system is going to take an advantage of development in the future FCEV technology.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.561-564
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• 2007

FCEV uses electric energy which generated from the reaction between Hydrogen and Oxygen in fuel cell stack as driving force. As fossil fuels are exhausted, fuel cell is regarded as a potent substitute for next generation energy source, and thus, most of car-makers make every efforts to develop fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). In addition, fuel cell is also beneficial in aspect of environment, because only clean water is produced during chemical reaction process instead of harmful exhausted gas. Generally, Hydrogen is supplied from high-pressured fuel tank, and air blower (or compressor) supply Oxygen by pressurizing ambient air. Air blower which is driven by high speed motor consumes about $7{\sim}8$ % of energy generated from fuel cell stack. Therefore, the efficiency of an air blower is directly linked with the performance of FCEV. This study will present the development process of an air blower and its consisting parts respectively.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.417-420
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• 2006

FCEV uses electric energy generated from the reaction between Hydrogen and Oxygen in fuel cell stack as driving force. As fossil fuels are exhausted, fuel cell is regarded as a potent substitute for next generation energy source, and thus, most of car-makers make every efforts to develop fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV). In addition, fuel cell is also beneficial in aspect of environment, because only clean water is produced during chemical reaction process instead of harmful exhausted gas. Generally, Hydrogen is supplied from high-pressured fuel tank, and air blower (or compressor) supplies Oxygen by pressurizing ambient air. Air blower which is driven by high speed motor consumes about $7{\sim}8%$ of energy generated from fuel cell stack. Therefore, the efficiency of an air blower is directly linked with the overall performance of FCEV. This study will present developing process of an air blower and its consisting parts respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.942-948
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• 2011

The performance of a supercharger for vehicle using solar cell attached on the exterior of a car, an auxiliary battery, and an air compressor was evaluated in this study. This supercharger is composed of a solar cell of 40W, a battery of 60 Ah, an air compressor of 17 A, 8 $kgf/cm^2$ and an air tank of 8L. It takes about 6 days to charge the battery with the solar cell and the high pressure air of 8L can be supplied about 70 times to engine intake with this battery. The intake pressure increased by about 20~40% with this supercharger. The vehicle power and accelerating performance are enhanced by 87% and 50% each in the low speed range. But the performance improved little in the high speed range because of the rather constant flow rate of air supplied by this type of supercharger.

• Composites Research
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.143-147
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• 2015

This paper proposes laser ultrasonic technique for the impact damage inspection of hydrogen fuel tank and proves that the impact damage can be visualized using an ultrasonic wave propagation imager with an easy detachable sensor head as an impact damage inspection tool for hydrogen fuel tanks. Also the performances of the proposed ultrasonic propagation imager support it can be implemented in real-world technology when the hydrogen car becomes popular.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.167-190
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• 2023

This study analyzes the potential demand for automobiles based on fuel type using survey data in Korea. The dependent variable of the model is the future desired fuel type, including gasoline, diesel, hybrid, electricity, and hydrogen. The main explanatory variables are the respondent demographic characteristics, key reasons for choosing vehicle fuel type and environmental awareness extracted via principal component analysis (PCA). Using a multinomial logit (MNL) model, we find that respondents who consider fuel economy and infrastructure increase the demand for a hybrid car but decrease the demand for electric and hydrogen vehicles. The denial-types increase the demand for gasoline (petrol) and diesel (light oil), and decrease the demand for electric vehicles. The anxiety-types increase the demand of hybrid vehicles, and decrease the demand for electric vehicles. In contrast, in the case of pro-types, the demand for diesel (light oil) hydrogen vehicles decreased.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

In response to the recent increase in demand for hydrogen stations, the Ministry of Trade and Industry has enacted and promulgated special notifications to enable the installation of hydrogen stations in the form of the combined complex in existing automotive fuel supply facilities such as LPG, CNG, and gas stations. Hydrogen multi energy filling stations haven't been operated yet in Korea till the establishment of special standards, so it is necessary create special standards by considering all Korean environmental characteristics such as four seasons and daily crossings. In this study, we collected and analyzed the charging data of Ulsan LPG-Hydrogen Multi Fueling Station installed for the first time in Korea. The data are hourly temperature and pressure data from compressors, storage vessels and dispensers. We used the data collected for a year, including the highest temperature and the lowest temperature in Ulsan to compare seasonal characteristics. As a result, it was found that the change of the outside temperature affects the initial temperature of the vehicle's container of the hydrogen car, which finally affects the charging time and the charging speed of the vehicle. There was no effect on vehicle containers because the limit temperature suggested by the Korean Hydrogen Station Standard(KGS FP217) and the US Filling Protocol(SAE J2601) was not exceeded.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.629-636
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• 2022

Domestic eco-friendly vehicles currently account for 5.8% of the total registered vehicles in Korea. Hydrogen vehicles, one of the representative eco-friendly vehicles, have grown rapidly as they have been expanded to the market based on the government's policy to boost the hydrogen industry. Therefore, it is time to expand the safety review of hydrogen vehicles in various directions according to the increase in supply. In this study, the effect of internal heat damage was analyzed when a jet flame was generated by a hydrogen car in a road tunnel. It was simulated using Fluent, and the amount of jet flame injection was selected in consideration of the hydrogen tank capacity of commercial hydrogen vehicles for road tunnels. In addition, the study was conducted with the direction of the jet flame and the nozzle distance from the tunnel wall as variables. From the results, when the jet flame erupted in the road tunnel, high radiant heat emission of more than 20 kW/m² was generated in most areas within ±5 m in the longitudinal direction based on the vehicle (spray nozzle) and 5 to 7 m in the lateral direction based on the adjacent tunnel wall.