• 미생물학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1992

Pseudomonas sp. DJ77 의 chromosomal DNA로 부터 6-8kb XhoI 절편 상에 존재하는 phenanthrene 분해에 관련된 유전자군을 vector pBLUESCRIPT SK(+)에 클로닝하였다. 이렇게 얻은 재조합 plasmid인 pHENX7을 가지고 있는 JM101 균주는 3-methylcatechol을 노란색의 meta-cleavage 화합물로 전환학 수 있었다. 그러자 삽입된 절편의 방향이 반대가 되도록 제조한 pHENX7R 은 extradiol dioxygenase 활성을 나타내지 않기 때문에 전사방향을 알 수 있었다. pHENX7과 이의 유도체들을 지니는 JM101 균주에서 PhnC(24kDa), PhnD(31 kDa), PhnE(34 kDA), PhnF(15 kDa) 의 4 polypeptide 를 확인학 수 있었고 개개의 유전자의 위치와 범위를 알 수 있었다. 유전자 순서는 phnC-phnD-phnE-phnF-phnG 이었으며, phnD, phnE, phnG 는 각기 gluthione S-transferase, meta-cleavage compound hydrolase, extradiol dioxygenase, metacleavage compound dehydrogenase 의 유전자이었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2012

액화석유가스(liquefied petroleum gas, LPG)에 디메틸에테르(dimethyl ether, DME)가 첨가된 DME-LPG 혼합연료의 탄화수소 화합물을 가스크로마토그래피(GC)를 이용하여 정성 정량분석하는 새로운 분석방법을 연구하였다. DME-LPG 혼합연료는 함산소화합물(oxygen-containing compound)인 극성의 DME와 비극성물질인 LPG로 구성되어 있기때문에 하나의 GC 컬럼에서 모든 성분을 완전히 분리하기가 어렵다. 따라서 서로 다른 성질의 화합물이나 아주 복잡한 화합물 중 목표물질의 분석에 응용되고 있는 Deans switching 시스템을 도입하였다. 상기 시스템은 두 개의 GC 컬럼 사이에 유체의 압력 제어를 통하여 용출되는 물질의 흐름 방향을 변경시켜주는 기술로서, 이 방법을 이용하여 DME와 LPG를 서로 다른 컬럼에서 분리하여 한번의 시료 주입으로 DME-LPG 혼합연료의 모든 탄화수소 화합물을 정성 정량분석할 수 있었다. 또한 DME 합성과정에서 부산물로 생성될 수 있는 메탄올, 포름산메틸, 에틸메틸에테르 같은 미량성분까지 분석이 가능하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2009

전주의 음식점 12곳에서 판매되는 모주를 수집하여 제조방법과 알코올 함량, pH, 산도, 고형분 함량, 환원당, 자외부흡수, 유기산 및 유리당 등의 이화학적 특성, 색도, 점도 등의 물리적 특성 그리고 휘발성 화합물 성분을 비교 분석하였다. 원주 막걸리 이외에 감초, 인삼, 당귀, 계피 등의 한약재와 설탕 등을 첨가하여 40분-6시간 끓여 제조한 자가 모주의 알코올 함량은 2.1%이하로 나타났고 pH는 3.85-4.38의 수준을 보였고 총산, 고형분 함량 그리고 자외부 흡수는 모주 제조 시 첨가하는 부재료에 따라 각각 다른 값을 나타내었으며 환원당은 일반 탁주에 비하여 월등히 높은 함량을 보였다. 유기산 중 malic acid와 lactic acid는 다른 4종의 유기산에 비하여 높게 나타났으며 유리당은 maltose>glucose>fructose의 순으로 나타났다. 색도는 전체적으로 명도값이 낮고 황색도 값이 높아 탁하고 황색을 많이 띄는 것을 알 수 있었으며 제조 시 가열 공정을 거쳐 일반 탁주에 비하여 걸쭉한 상태를 나타내었다. GC와 GC/MSD를 사용한 휘발성 화합물 성분 분석 결과 검출된 30개의 휘발성 향기 성분 중 alcohol은 3종, ester는 12종, hydrocarbon은 7종 그리고 aldehyde는 4종이 동정되었다. Alcohol 중 isoamyl alcohol에 비하여 benzeneethanol의 면적 비율이 높았으며, 원주인 막걸리로부터 기인한 것으로 사료되는 ester 중 ethyl caprate, ethyl palmitate 그리고 ethyl linoleate도 높은 면적 비율을 나타내었다. 동정된 7개의 hydrocarbon 중 모주의 종류에 관계없이 (E)-cinnamaldehyde가 가장 높게 나타났는데 검출된 (E)-cinnamyl acetate와 함께 자가 모주 제조 공통적으로 첨가하는 계피에서 기인한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.617-625
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• 2010

Rapid industrialization has brought Nam-Hae area serious environmental problems associated with released oil and other hydrocarbons. In this work, in order to enhance the quality of the shoreline sediment we made enviro-chemical analyses of its substances, TPHs and microbial growth after treating with oxygen releasing compound(ORC) such as $MgO_2$. Total organic compound(TOC) was reduced from 33.45% to 25.1~31.08% meanwhile COD decreased from 27.5~28.9mg/$g{\cdot}dry$ to 19.9~26.1mg/$g{\cdot}dry$ for input of 2~10% $MgO_2$ in 20days. For 10% $MgO_2$ input, TP and TN were reduced by 13.3% and 18.8%, respectively. Most of all TPH was decomposed by max. 42.4% in 21days, and the total viable count of microbes was found to be exponentially increased by 75.9%.

• Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.2313-2320
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• 2018

Tetramethylene-1,4-bis(N,N-dodecylammonium bromide), cationic gemini surfactant, (12-4-12) was first synthesized with an one-step and shortened procedure and its interfacial and antimicrobial properties were compared with a conventional single-chain cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The interfacial and thermodynamic properties of both surfactants reveal that critical micelle concentration (CMC) of this novel synthetic cationic dimeric surfactant is lower than that of cationic monomeric surfactant at almost 15 times of its magnitude, which is due to the increase in hydrophobicity of the surfactant molecules by having dual hydrocarbon chains. In comparison with CTAB, the produced compound 12-4-12 yields much better interfacial and thermodynamic properties. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized gemini surfactant were tested against eight strains of bacteria, as well as two strains of fungi. The results showed that both 12-4-12 compound and CTAB exhibited higher inhibitory effects on the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi than that of Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations in molar of 12-4-12 against all tested Gram-negative bacteria were lower than those of CTAB, which is hypothetically due to the lower HLB together with smaller CMC values of our gemini surfactant.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.506-513
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• 2012

This principal objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory properties and flavor compounds of Kimchi prepared with different levels (0.0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 1.2%) of Backryeoncho extracts (BE). At high levels of BE, Kimchi showed increased level of crispness and flavor, and also jeotgal odor decreased in the sensory evaluation. Addition of 0.8 % BE resulted in the highest scores for color, taste, and overall acceptance of Kimchi. Therefore, addition of 0.8 % BE appears to be an acceptable approach to enhance the quality of Kimchi without reducing acceptability. As a result of flavor compound analysis, a total of 24 volatile flavor compound, including 11 S-containing compounds, 6 terpenes, 1 acid, 1 ester, 1 alcohol, 2 miscellaneous compounds, 2 thiocyanates, etc., were detected by GC/MS. The major volatile compounds were s-containing compounds and terpene hydrocarbon, and especially terpene of sabinene was newly detected in Kimchi with added BE. Levels of 2-vinyl-[4H]-1,3-dithin derived from garlic flavor as a sulfide-containing compound along with diallyl trisulfide derived from green onion flavor were reduced in Kimchi with added 0.8% BE. Most sulfide-containing compounds were reduced in Kimchi with added BE, whereas most terpenes detected in control Kimchi were not detected.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2008년도 제38차 학술발표대회
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• pp.190-191
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• 2008

In the presence of heat and oxygen, phosphorous compounds decompose to form water vapor and phosphorous oxides. The phosphorous oxides subsequently reat with the polymer matrix and dehydrate it, reforming phosphoric acids. These acids again decompose to reform water vapor and phosphorous oxides. Ultimately as the water available from normal combustion of hydrocarbons diminishes, the phosphorous oxide reat with hydrocarbon fragments to produce a very high melting point char at the interface between the polymer and the heat material. The chars, which contain phosphorous, rapidly dissipate heat energy and lose their glow. This antiglow property of phosphorous compound contributes to its availability as a flame retardant. In this study, the acrylated phosphorous compounds will be prepared and demonstrated as flame retardants.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition for pharmacopunctures of eight principles hydrodistillation layer. Methods: The study was determined the hydrodistillation layer for pharmacopunctures of eight principles by hydrodistillation method. The effective components in hydrodistillation layer for pharmacopunctures of eight principles were extracted with ethyl ether or dichloromethane, and then analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry(GC/MS). Results: 1. Analyzed pharmacopunctures of eight principles by GC/MS, a lot of differences according to extraction solvent by each pharmacopunctures of eight principles and specific peak patterns were seen. 2. The main compound in pharmacopunctures of eight principles was a kind of hexaoxacyclohydrocarbon that has long hydrocarbon chain.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1996

An equilibrium analysis was carried out to determine principal species in the incineration of hazardous waste, which was assumed as a compound of hydrocarbon fuel, chlorine, sulfur, and heavy metals, and their behaviors with variation of temperature, chlorine and sulfur concentrations. Calculated results showed that the most important parameter influencing the principal species was temperature. Chlorine concentration affected on mole fractions of the species, especially at high temperature. Existence of sulfur had a significant effect on the species at low temperature, regardless of surfur concentration. Generally, principal species at high temperature were chlorides and oxides, while the principal species at low temperature were sulfides. As temperature increased, mole fractions of the principal species increased at low temperature, however, mole fractions of some metal species decreased at high temperature.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.61-65
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• 1999

The fluorescence properties and photoisomerization behavior of 1-(9-anthryl)-2-(n-quinolinyl)ethene (n-AQE, n=2-4) have been investigated in various solvents. t-3-AQE is strongly fluorescent, but does not accomplish photoisomerization, similar to parent hydrocarbon compound, t-1-(9-anthryl)-2-phenylethene (t-9-APE) or t-1-(9-anthryl)-2-(1-naphthyl)ethene (t-1-ANE). Fluorescence and photoisomerization oft-2-AQE and t-4-AQE are strongly affected by solvent polarity. Dependence of fluorescence quantum yield on the solvent polarity is moderate for t-2-AQE and large for t-4-AQE. In nonpolar solvent (in n-hexane), they exhibit relatively strong fluorescence, but do not isomerize to cis isomer on irradiation, even if inefficient isomerization is observed for t-4-AQE. However, as solvent polarity increases, their fluorescences become weak with efficient photoisomerization to corresponding cis isomer. Intramolecular charge-transfer excited state is presumed to contribute to photoisomerization. The S$_1$ decay parameters were found to be solvent-dependent due to the charge-transfer character of lowest S$_1$ state. In polar solvents, the activation barrier to twisting is reduced enhancing the isomerization of r-2-AQE and t-4-AQE in the singlet manifold.