• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2008

Ultrasonic C-scan technique is one of very popular techniques being used for detection of flaws in polymer matrix composite(PMC). However, the application of this technique is very limited for evaluation of defects in PMC fabricated by the automated fiber placement process. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel ultrasonic hybrid system based on nondestructive and non-contact ultrasonic techniques for evaluation of delamination in carbon/epoxy and carbon/PPS composite laminates. It was shown that the newly developed ultrasonic hybrid system based on dual air-coupled pitch-catch technique with ultrasonic scattering reflection concept could provide excellent image with higher resolution of delamination in PMC compared with the conventional pitch-catch method. It is expected that this ultrasonic hybrid technique can be applied for on-line inspection of flaws in PMC during the fabrication process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2015

Micro/nano patterns for optical concentration and diffusion have been studied in the various fields such as displays, optics, and sensors. Conventional micro patterns were continuous and linear shapes due to using linear-type light sources, however, recently non-continuous patterns have been applied as point sources are used for dot-type light sources such as LEDs and OLEDs. In this study, a hybrid machining technology combining an indentation machining method and an AAO process was developed for manufacturing the non-continuous micro patterns having nano patterns. First, mirror-like surfaces ($R_a<20nm$) of pure Aluminum substrates were obtained by optimizing cutting conditions. Then, The letter of 'K' consisting of the arrays of the micro patterns was manufactured by the indentation machining method which has a similar principle to indentation hardness testing. Finally, nano patterns were machined by AAO process on the micro patterns. Conclusively, a specific letter having nano-micro hybrid patterns was manufactured in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 2018

In bone tissue engineering, polycaprolactone (PCL) is one of the most widely used biomaterials to manufacture scaffolds as a synthetic polymer with biodegradability and biocompatibility. The polymer deposition system (PDS) with four axis heads, which can dispense bio-polymers, has been used in scaffold fabrication for tissue engineering applications. A dual-head deposition technology of PDS is an effective technique to fabricate 3D scaffolds. The electrospinning technology has been widely used to fabricate porous and highly interconnected polymer fibers. Thus, PDS can fabricate nanofiber-combined hybrid scaffolds using fused deposition modeling (FDM) and electrospinning methods. This study aims to fabricate nanofiber-combined scaffolds with uniform nanofibers using PDS. The PCL nanofibers were fabricated and evaluated according to the fabrication process parameters. PCL nanofibers were successfully fabricated when the applied voltage, tip-to-collector distance, flow rate, and solution concentration were 5 kV, 1 cm, 0.1 ml/h, and 8 wt%, respectively. The cell proliferation was evaluated according to the electrospinning time. Scanning electron microscopy was used to acquire images of the cross-sectioned hybrid scaffolds. The cell proliferation test of the PCL and nanofiber-combined hybrid scaffolds was performed using a CCK-8 assay according to the electrospinning time. The result of in-vitro cell proliferation using osteosarcoma MG-63 cells shows that the hybrid scaffold has good potential for bone regeneration.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.221-231
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• 2018

A new procedure to produce poly(vinylidene fluoride)/boron nitride hybrid membrane is presented for application in membrane distillation (MD) process. The influence of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) incorporation on the performance of the polymeric membranes is studied through the present investigation. For this aim, h-BN nanopowders were successfully synthesized using the simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) route and subsequent solvent treatments. The resulting h-BN nanosheets were blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) solution. Then, the prepared composite solution was subjected to phase inversion process to obtain PVDF/h-BN hybrid membranes. Various examinations such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability, permeation flux, mechanical strength and liquid entry pressure (LEP) measurements are performed to evaluate the prepared membrane. Moreover, Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) experiments were carried out to investigate the salt rejection performance and the durability of membranes. The results show that our hybrid PVDF/h-BN membrane presents higher water permeation flux (${\sim}18kg/m^2h$) compared to pristine PVDF membrane. In addition, the experimental data confirms that the prepared nanocomposite membrane is hydrophobic (water contact angle: ${\sim}103^{\circ}$), has a porous skin layer (>85%), as well competitive fouling resistance and operational durability. Furthermore, the total salt rejection efficiency was obtained for PVDF/h-BN membrane. The results prove that the novel PVDF/h-BN membrane can be easily synthesized and applied in MD process for salt rejection purposes.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.230-234
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• 2011

In this work, the primary material for a single layered hardmask which can afford a spin-on process was prepared by the minture of organic and inorganic sources. The preparation of hybrid polymer was attempted by esterification from silanol terminated siloxane compounds and acetonide-2,2-bis(methoxy)propionic acid. The optical, thermal and morphological properties of the test hardmask film was examined in terms of cross-linking agent and additives. In addition, the etch rate of hardmask film and photo resist layer were compared. The hybrid polymer prepared from organic and inorganic materials was found to be useful for hardmask film to form the nano-patterns.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2006

The present study evaluated effect of temperature on removals of organic matter (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in Modified-Dephanox (M-Dephanox) process, which is hybrid system, comparing with those of Modified-Ludzack Ettinger (MLE) under the suspended-growth bacteria, as control. M-Dephanox process was more stable than MLE process in the removal of C, N, P, especially in nitrification, as the temperature was decreased from $25^{\circ}C$ to $16^{\circ}C$. As the temperature was decreased from $25^{\circ}C$ to $16^{\circ}C$, the removal efficiency of $NH_4{^+}-N$ of M-Dephanox process was decreased by 3.8%, but that of MLE process decreased by 25.7%. T-N removal efficiency of M-Dephanox was higher than MLE process by 27.1% and 26.9% at $25^{\circ}C$ and $16^{\circ}C$ of temperature, respectively.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.168-175
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• 2003

A new algorithm based on Genetic Algorithms is proposed f3r solving process optimization problems formulated in MINLP, GDP and hybrid MINLP/GDP. This work is focused especially on the design of the Genetic Algorithm suitable to handle disjunctive programming with the same level of MINLP handling capability. Hybridization with the Simulated Annealing is experimented and many heuristics are adopted. Real and binary coded Genetic Algorithm initiates the global search in the entire search space and at every stage Simulated Annealing makes the candidates to climb up the local hills. Multi-Niche Crowding method is adopted as the multimodal function optimization technique. and the adaptation of probabilistic parameters and dynamic penalty systems are also implemented. New strategies to take the logical variables and constraints into consideration are proposed, as well. Various test problems selected from many fields of process systems engineering are tried and satisfactory results are obtained.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2013

Dispatching rule plays an important role in a hybrid flow shop. Finding the appropriate dispatching rule becomes more challenging when there are multiple criteria, uncertain demands, and dynamic manufacturing environment. Using a single dispatching rule for the whole shop or a set of rules based on a single criterion is not sufficient. Therefore, a multi-criteria decision making technique using 'the order preference by similarity to ideal solution' (TOPSIS) and 'analytic hierarchy process' (AHP) is presented. The proposed technique is aimed to find the most suitable set of dispatching rules under different manufacturing scenarios. A simulation based case study on a PCB manufacturing process is presented to illustrate the procedure and effectiveness of the proposed methodology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.1169-1172
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• 1995

In this paper, the external force control and hybrid force control algorithms are proposed to apply Deburring process. the purpose of adjust which can be implemented to on unknown environments, adaptive control law(MRAC) is adopted. IF a model system is given, the plant system can be controlled on the way which we will introduce to. We showed the validation and the possibility of Deburring process with multi-dimensional force control through experiments. the experimental result show the validity of Deburring in the robot manipulator.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.484-485
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• 2003

We report on the optimization of the fabrication process of hybrid sol-gel thin film deposition to produce low cost $1 {\times} 16$ splitters for optical communications. We learn that sol-gel film thickness is dependent upon the spinning speeds and viscosity of the sol-gel solutions and refractive index upon the dopant concentrations of Al and Zr in the sol solutions. We could find the optimized physical conditions to achieve the desired thickness of core and cladding layers. We will further carry out the fabrication and measurements of insertion loss, polarization dependent loss (PDL), etc. for the performance of fabricated splitter devices.