Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/mwt.2018.9.4.221

PVDF/h-BN hybrid membranes and their application in desalination through AGMD  

Moradi, Rasoul (Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University)
Shariaty-Niassar, Mojtaba (Transport Phenomena & Nanotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran)
Pourkhalili, Nazila (Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University)
Mehrizadeh, Masoud (Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University)
Niknafs, Hassan (Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Khazar University)
Publication Information
Membrane and Water Treatment / v.9, no.4, 2018 , pp. 221-231 More about this Journal
Abstract
A new procedure to produce poly(vinylidene fluoride)/boron nitride hybrid membrane is presented for application in membrane distillation (MD) process. The influence of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) incorporation on the performance of the polymeric membranes is studied through the present investigation. For this aim, h-BN nanopowders were successfully synthesized using the simple chemical vapor deposition (CVD) route and subsequent solvent treatments. The resulting h-BN nanosheets were blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) solution. Then, the prepared composite solution was subjected to phase inversion process to obtain PVDF/h-BN hybrid membranes. Various examinations such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability, permeation flux, mechanical strength and liquid entry pressure (LEP) measurements are performed to evaluate the prepared membrane. Moreover, Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) experiments were carried out to investigate the salt rejection performance and the durability of membranes. The results show that our hybrid PVDF/h-BN membrane presents higher water permeation flux (${\sim}18kg/m^2h$) compared to pristine PVDF membrane. In addition, the experimental data confirms that the prepared nanocomposite membrane is hydrophobic (water contact angle: ${\sim}103^{\circ}$), has a porous skin layer (>85%), as well competitive fouling resistance and operational durability. Furthermore, the total salt rejection efficiency was obtained for PVDF/h-BN membrane. The results prove that the novel PVDF/h-BN membrane can be easily synthesized and applied in MD process for salt rejection purposes.
Keywords
membrane distillation; polymers; salt rejection; water treatment; flux;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Banat, F.A. and Simandl, J., (1998), "Desalination by membrane distillation: A parametric study", Sep. Sci. Technol. 33(2), 201-226.   DOI
2 Bottino, A., Capannelli, G., Comite, A., Costa, C., Calvo, J.I. and Saelee. R. (2015), "Novel polytetrafluoroethylene tubular membranes for membrane distillation", Desalination Water Treat., 53(6), 1559-1564.   DOI
3 Chang, H., Hung, C.Y., Chang, C.L., Cheng, T.W. and Ho, C. D. (2015), "Optimization of three small-scale solar membrane distillation desalination systems", Membr. Water Treat., 6(6), 451-476.   DOI
4 Chang, H.H., Tsai, C.H., Wei, H.C. and Cheng, L.P. (2014), "Effect of structure of PVDF membranes on the performance of membrane distillation", Membr. Water Treat., 5(1), 41-56.   DOI
5 Choi, S.R., Bansal, N.P. and Garg, A. (2007), "Mechanical and microstructural characterization of boron nitride nanotubesreinforced SOFC seal glass composite", Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 460, 509-515.
6 Chung, T.S. (1996), "A review of microporous composite polymeric membrane technology for air separation", Polym. Polym. Compos., 4(4), 269-283.
7 Ciofani, G., Raffa, V., Menciassi, A. and Cuschieri, A. (2008), "Cytocompatibility, interactions and uptake of polyethyleneimine-coated boron nitride nanotubes by living cells: Confirmation of their potential for biomedical applications", Biotechnol. Bioeng., 101(4), 850-858.   DOI
8 Criscuoli, A., Bafaro, P. and Drioli, E. (2013), "Vacuum membrane distillation for purifying waters containing arsenic", Desalination, 323(8), 17-21.   DOI
9 Criscuoli, A. and Drioli, E. (1999), "Energetic analysis of an integrated membrane desalination", Desalination, 124(1-3), 243-249.   DOI
10 Darwish, M.A., Al-Najem and N.M. (2000), "Energy consumption by multi-stage flash and reverse osmosis desalters", App. Therm. Eng., 20(5), 399-416.   DOI
11 Hossain, M.M. (2013), "Treatment of ground waters in a hollowfibre liquid membrane contactor for removal of ions", Membr. Water Treat., 4(2), 95-108.   DOI
12 Dastbaz, A., Karimi-Sabet, J., Ahadi, H. and Amini, Y. (2017), "Preparation and characterization of novel modified PVDFHFP/GO/ODS composite hollow fiber membrane for Caspian Sea water desalination", Desalination, 424(12), 62-73.   DOI
13 Duan, J., Xue, R., Xu, Y. and Sun, Ch. (2008), "Preparation of boron nitride flakes by a simple powder reaction", J. Amer. Ceramic Soc., 91(7), 2419-2418.   DOI
14 Efome, J.E., Baghbanzadeh, M., Rana, D., Matsuura, T. and Lan, C.Q. (2015), "Effects of superhydrophobic $SiO_2$ nanoparticles on the performance of PVDF at sheet membranes for vacuum membrane distillation", Desalination, 373(10), 47-57.   DOI
15 Guillen-Burrieza, E., Blanco, J. and Zaragoza, G. (2011), "Experimental analysis of an air gap membrane distillation solar desalination pilot system", J. Membr. Sci., 379(1-2), 386-396.   DOI
16 Hao, X., Yub, M., Cui, Z., Xu, X., Wang, Q. and Jiang, M. (2002), "The Effect of temperature on the synthesis of BN nanoscrystals", J. Crys. Growth, 241(1-2), 124-128.   DOI
17 Hsu, S.T., Cheng, K.T. and Chiou, J.S. (2002), "Seawater desalination by direct contact membrane distillation", Desalination, 143(3), 279-287.   DOI
18 Huayan, C., Chunrui, W., Yue, J., Xuan, W. and Xiaolong, L. (2011), "Comparison of three membrane distillation configurations and seawater desalination by vacuum membrane distillation", Desalination Water Treat., 28(1-3), 321-327.   DOI
19 Hubacek, M. and Ueki, M. (1996), "Chemical reactions in hexagonal boron nitride system", J. Solid State Chem., 123(2), 215-222.   DOI
20 Hubacek, M., Sato, T. and Ishii, T. (1994), "A coexistence of boron nitride and boric oxide", J. Solid State Chem., 109(2), 384-390.   DOI
21 Lau, W.J., Goh, P.S. Ismail, A.F. and Lai S.O. (2011), "Ultrafiltration as a pretreatment for seawater desalination: A review", Membr. Water Treat., 5(1), 5-29.
22 Khayet, M., Mengual, J. and Matsuura, T. (2005), "Porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite membranes: application in desalination using direct contact membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 252(1-2), 101-113.   DOI
23 Kim, D.H., Fasulo, P.D., Rodgers, W.R. and Paul, D.R. (2008), "Effect of the ratio of maleated polypropylene to organoclay on the structure and properties of TPO-based nanocomposites. Part II: thermal expansion behavior," Polymer, 49(10), 2492-2506.   DOI
24 Koo, J., Han, J., Sohn, J., Lee, S. and Hwang T.M. (2013), "Experimental comparison of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) with vacuum membrane distillation (VMD)", Desalination Water Treat., 51(31-33), 6299-6309.   DOI
25 Lee, H.S., Fasulo, P.D., Rodgers, W.R. and Paul, D.R. (2006), "TPO based nanocomposites. Part 2. Thermal expansion behavior", Polymer, 47(10), 3528-3539.   DOI
26 Loussif, N. and Orfi, J., (2016) "Comparative study of air gap, direct contact and sweeping gas membrane distillation configurations", Membr. Water Treat., 7(1), 71-86.   DOI
27 Molinari, R. and Argurio, P. (2011), "Recent progress in supported liquid membrane technology: stabilization and feasible applications", Membr. Water Treat., 2(4), 207-223.   DOI
28 Moradi, R., Karimi, J., Shariaty-Niassar, M. and Amini, Y. (2016), "Experimental investigation of nanofibrous poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes for desalination through air gap membrane distillation process", Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33(10), 2953-2960.   DOI
29 Moradi, R., Karimi-Sabet, J., Shariaty-Niassar, M. and Koochaki, M.A. (2015), "Preparation and characterization of polyvinylidene fluoride/graphene superhydrophobic fibrous films", Polymers, 7(8), 1444-1463.   DOI
30 Moradi, R., Karimi-Sabet, J., Shariaty-Niassar, M. and Hedayat, S.M. (2017), "Synthesis and preparation of mono-layer h-BN nanopowders by using a combination of CVD method with isopropanol-assisted exfoliation process", Powder Metall. Met. C+, 55(9-10), 530-541.   DOI
31 Moradi, R., Monfared. S.M., Amini, Y. and Dastbaz, A. (2016), "Vacuum enhanced membrane distillation for trace contaminant removal of heavy metals from water by electrospun PVDF/$TiO_2$ hybrid membranes", Korean J. Chem. Eng., 33(7), 2160-2168.   DOI
32 Phattaranawik, J., Jiraratananon, R. and Fane, A.G. (2003), "Heat transport and membrane distillation coefficients in direct contact membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 212(1-2), 177-193.   DOI
33 Qtaishat, M., Rana, D., Khayet, M. and Matsuura, T., (2009), "Preparation and characterization of novel hydrophobic/hydrophilic polyetherimide composite membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 327(1-2), 264-273.   DOI
34 Razmjou, A., Arifin, E., Dong, G., Mansouri J. and Chen V. (2012), "Superhydrophobic modification of $TiO_2$ nanocomposite PVDF membranes for applications in membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 415(10), 850-863.
35 Shi, L., Gu, Y.L., Chen, L.Y., Yang, Z.H., Ma, J.H. and Qian, Y.T. (2004), "Formation of nanocrystalline BN with a simple chemical route", Mater. Lett., 58(26), 3301-3308.   DOI
36 Wu, X., Zhao, B., Wang, L., Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Zhao, X. and Guo, X. (2016), "Hydrophobic PVDF/graphene hybrid membrane for $CO_2$ absorption in membrane contactor", J. Membr. Sci., 520(12), 120-129.   DOI
37 Shoaie, R., Karimi-Sabet, J., Mousavian, S.M.A., Khadiv-Parsi, P. and Moradi, R. (2017), "Optimal modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) membrane surface by using surfacemodifying macromolecules for application in membrane distillation", J. Des. Water Treat., 71(5), 62-78
38 Smolders, K. and Franken, A.C.M. (1989), "Terminology for membrane distillation", Desalination, 72(3), 249-262.   DOI
39 Van der Bruggen, B. (2003), "Desalination by distillation and by reverse osmosis, trends towards the future", Membr. Tech., 2003(2), 6-9.   DOI
40 Woo, Y.C., Kim, Y., Shim, W.G., Tijing L.D., Yao, M., Nghiem L.D., Choi, J.S., Kim, S.H. and Shon H.K. (2016), "Graphene/PVDF flat-sheet membrane for the treatment of RO brine from coal seam gas produced water by air gap membrane distillation", J. Membr. Sci., 513(9), 74-84.   DOI
41 Yu, Y., Chen, H., Liu, Y., Craig, V.S.J., Wang, Ch., Li, L.H. and Chen, Y. (2015), "Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic porous boron nitride nanosheet/polyvinylidene fluoride composite material for oil-polluted water cleanup", Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2(1), 1400267-1400277.   DOI
42 Zha, D., Mei, S., Wang, X., Li, H., Shi, Z. and Jin, Z. (2011), "Superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride/graphene porous materials", Carbon, 49(15), 5166-5172.   DOI
43 Zhi, C., Bando, Y., Tang, C., Honda, S., Kuwahara, H. and Golberg, D. (2006), "Boron nitride nanotubes/polystyrene composites", J. Mater. Res., 21(11), 2794-2800.   DOI
44 Al-Shammiri, M., Safar, M. and Al-Dawas, M. (2000), "Evaluation of two different antiscalants in real operation at the Doha research plant", Desalination, 128(1), 1-16.   DOI
45 Zhi, C., Bando, Y., Tang, C., Honda, S., Sato, K. and Kuwahara, H. (2005), "Characteristics of boron nitride nanotubepolyaniline composites", Angew. Chem., 44(48), 7929-7932.   DOI
46 Zoungrana, A., Zengin, I.H., Elcik, H., Yeshilirmak, D., Karadagh, D. and Chakmakci, M. (2016), "Arsenic removal from drinking water by direct contact membrane distillation", Membr. Water Treat., 7(3), 241-255.   DOI
47 Al-Obaidani, S., Curcio, E., Macedoniob, F., Di Profiob, G., Al. Hinaid, H. and Drioli, E. (2008), "Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation", J. Membr. Sci., 323(1), 85-98.   DOI