• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2011

This paper presents an active roll motion control of a passenger vehicle. The roll controller is designed in the framework of $H_{\infty}$ control scheme based on the 3 DOF vehicle model taking into consideration parameter variations, which affect the roll dynamics, and unmodeled high frequency dynamics for robustness and performance. In order to investigate the feasibility of the active roll control system in a car, its performance is evaluated by simulation in a full vehicle model with nonlinear tire characteristics under various operating conditions. Finally, in order to enhance the performance in a transient region taking into account the limited bandwidth of the actuating module, a hybrid control strategy is presented.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Recently, as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles are widely used, the use of rechargeable batteries is increasing. Electric and hybrid cars are made up of hundreds to thousands of electric cells depending on the car model. And the assembly process of the cells and modules requires a variety of bonding process. Meanwhile, in order to connect several cells in series, Cu used as a cathode and Al of an anode must be bonded. In this paper, the characteristics of Al and Cu metals, laser types, characteristics and principles of welding lasers for welding of Cu and Al electrodes are introduced.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.306-314
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• 2000

In this paper we present a new approach to estimate link travel speed based on the hybrid neuro-fuzzy network. It combines the fuzzy ART algorithm for structure learning and the backpropagation algorithm for parameter adaptation. At first, the fuzzy ART algorithm partitions the input/output space using the training data set in order to construct initial neuro-fuzzy inference network. After the initial network topology is completed, a backpropagation learning scheme is applied to optimize parameters of fuzzy membership functions. An initial neuro-fuzzy network can be applicable to any other link where the probe car data are available. This can be realized by the network adaptation and add/modify module. In the network adaptation module, a CBR(Case-Based Reasoning) approach is used. Various experiments show that proposed methodology has better performance for estimating link travel speed comparing to the existing method.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

e-4WD(Electric-4WD) system is a 4WD(4-Wheel Drive) System that can transform a car into a Hybrid System. e-4WD consists of a Motor, Inverter, Speed reducer and Clutch. The Motor, Speed reducer and Clutch are installed on the rear sub-frame as a chassis module type. The inverter is installed separately. Compared to a mechanical 4WD, the e-4WD system has many advantages. For example, the reduced number of drivetrain components makes better use of the space. Driving with a motor only at low speed improves fuel economy and reduces exhaust gas. Engine downsizing is available because the motor assists the engine. The performance of a conventional HEV(Hybrid Electric Vehicle) system can also be maintained. This paper proposes the specifications of components and the control logic for an e-4WD System. And the effect of the e-4WD system is proven using a test vehicle equipped with components under various test conditions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.372-375
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• 2019

A 55-year-old man was admitted to the trauma center after a car accident. Cardiac tamponade, traumatic aortic injury, and hemoperitoneum were diagnosed by ultrasonography. The trauma surgeon, cardiac surgeon, and interventional radiologist discussed the prioritization of interventions. Multi-detector computed tomography was carried out first to determine the severity and extent of the injuries, followed by exploratory sternotomy to repair a left auricle rupture. A damage control laparotomy was then performed to control mesenteric bleeding. Lastly, a descending thoracic aorta injury was treated by endovascular stenting. These procedures were performed in the hybrid-angio room. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 135, without complications.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2014

Because of high oil prices and emission gas problems, many governments tighten regulation of fuel economy and emission gas. For Passenger car, there are many researches for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and they are being manufactured. On the other hand, there are few researches for plug-in hybrid electric bus that is heavy commercial vehicle. In this study, analysis of fuel economy for series plug-in hybrid electric bus according to engine operation strategy based on simulation is conducted. Forward simulator is developed using Autonomie. Engine operation strategies consist on constant engine operation strategy and engine on/off operation strategy. Considering the engine operation strategy, results of vehicle speed, engine operating points and fuel economy are obtained and analyzed. As a result, engine on/off operation strategy has more advantage than constant engine operation strategy in terms of fuel economy.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.29-43
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• 2021

본 연구에서 제약식프로그래밍을 이용하여 제약식 있는 동적계획법 모형을 푸는 한 방법을 제시한다. 현재 제약식 있는 동적계획법을 다루는 방법은 각 단계별 제약식들의 상태를 일반적인 동적계획법의 상태공간에 추가하여 마치 제약식이 없는 동적계획법 방식을 적용하는데 반해, 이 연구에서 제시하는 방식은 제약식의 상태가 제약식프로그래밍의 변수 도메인으로 표현되고 저장된다. 계산에 있어서도 일반적인 동적계획법의 벨만방정식의 해법과 함께 제약식을 다루기 위한 제약식프로그래밍의 확산-추론 방법을 사용하는 하이브리드 방식을 따른다. 이 두가지 방식의 비교를 위해 특별히 장기 자동차 렌탈 문제를 제시하고 이 문제의 단순화된 모형을 중심으로 다른 방식으로 해결하는 과정을 보고 그 장단점을 논한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2019

본 연구는 아시아의 선진 국가로써 이에 따른 자동차 시장도 성숙 단계에 있는 일본과 한국의 수도권에 거주하는 소비자에게 소비자의 특성에 따른 저탄소자동차의 선택속성요인과 저탄소자동차 유형별 예상구입시기에 대해 온라인 설문 조사를 기반으로 비교 고찰하고자 하였다. 본연구의 결과 한국과 일본의 소비자 특성과 소비자의 저탄소자동차의 선택속성요인과의 차이분석을 살펴본 결과 한국의 경우 성별에는 차이가 없으며 연령별로 보았을 때 경제성에는 차이가 있으며 소득수준별로 보았을 때 안정성에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 연령에 따라 저탄소자동차 선택속성요인이 나이가 들어감에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 소득수준이 높아감에 따라 저탄소자동차 선택시 안정성을 더욱 중요하게 여기는 요인으로 보았다. 일본의 경우는 성별, 연령별, 소득별로 저탄소자동차의 선택속성요인에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한국과 일본 모두 저탄소 자동차 유형에 따른 향후 구매시기와의 연관성에 있어서는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점 한국은 연령별로 보았을 때 경제적 측면을 중시하며 저탄소자동차를 선택하려는 경향이 있으며 소득수준별로 보았을 때 소득수준에 따라 저탄소자동차의 안전성을 중시하려는 경향이 있다는 의미 있는 결과를 얻었다 반면 일본의 경우 소비자특성별로 차이 없이 저탄소자동차를 선택하는 경향을 나타내고 있었다. 저탄소자동차의 유형에 따른 예상구매시기의 연관성은 한국은 저탄소자동차 유형중 향후 10년 이내에서 선호차량은 전기자동차를 선호하는 것으로 나타났으며 일본은 하이브리드 차를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.1256-1259
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• 2002

In this paper, we have proposed license plate recognition system for multi-national vehicle license plate using geometric features along with hybrid and seven segment pattern vectors. In the proposed system, we suggested to find horizontal and vertical relation after going through preparation process with inputted real-time license plate image of Korea and Japan, and then to classify license plate with using characteristic and geometric information of license plates. It classifies the extracted license plate images into letters and numbers, such as local name, local number, classification character and license consecutive numbers, and recognize license plate of Korea and Japan by applying hybrid and seven segments pattern vectors to classified letter and number region. License plate extraction step of the proposed system uses width and length information along with relative rate of Korean and Japanese license plate. Moreover, it exactly segmentation by letters with using each letter and number position information within license plate region, and recognizes Korean and Japanese license plates by applying hybrid and seven segment pattern vectors, containing characteristics related to letter size and movement within segmented letter area. As the result of testing the proposed system in real experiment, it recognized regardless of external lighting conditions as well as classifying license plates by nations, Korea and Japan. We have developed a system, recognizing regardless of inputted structural character of vehicle licenses and external environment.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.366-370
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• 2003

In this research, we suggest a hybrid intelligent Web recommendation systems based on Web data mining and case-based reasoning (CBR). One of the important research topics in the field of Internet business is blending artificial intelligence (AI) techniques with knowledge discovering in database (KDD) or data mining (DM). Data mining is used as an efficient mechanism in reasoning for association knowledge between goods and customers＇ preference. In the field of data mining, the features, called attributes, are often selected primary for mining the association knowledge between related products. Therefore, most of researches, in the arena of Web data mining, used association rules extraction mechanism. However, association rules extraction mechanism has a potential limitation in flexibility of reasoning. If there are some goods, which were not retrieved by association rules-based reasoning, we can＇t present more information to customer. To overcome this limitation case, we combined CBR with Web data mining. CBR is one of the AI techniques and used in problems for which it is difficult to solve with logical (association) rules. A Web-log data gathered in real-world Web shopping mall was given to illustrate the quality of the proposed hybrid recommendation mechanism. This Web shopping mall deals with remote-controlled plastic models such as remote-controlled car, yacht, airplane, and helicopter. The experimental results showed that our hybrid recommendation mechanism could reflect both association knowledge and implicit human knowledge extracted from cases in Web databases.