• 대한한의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2008

Since at least the late 12th century, medical herbs grown naturally or cultivated in Korea have been referred to as 'HyangYak'(鄕藥, $Xi\bar{a}ngY\grave{a}o$). Herbs from other countries are referred to as 'DangYak'(唐藥, $D\bar{a}ngY\grave{a}o$). Some senior historians claim medicines made solely from HyangYak are purely Korean, since they originated and were developed fully within Korea. However, these localized medicines became abundant as the result of exchanges between Korea and other countries. Originally published in 1433, 'HyangYakJipSungBang' is the authoritative result of earlier writings of medical books using HyangYak. Comprised of a total of 85 volumes, it was large in scale and divided into three main sections: 1) a detailed description of the 703 kinds of HyangYak, 2) explanations of the 10,706 different herbal formulae and 959 types of symptoms or diseases, and 3) descriptions of the 1,416 various acupuncture and moxibustion formulae. It's noted that 'HyangYakJipSungBang' was not written all at once. In the process of its writing, the number of formulae increased through medical exchanges between Korea and China during the 15th century.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2009

Personnel who had contributed Medical development in history are classified into four types in this paper. The first, it is personnel that studied the medicine or treated a patient like doctors, medical researchers, physicians, nurses, etc.. The second, it is personnel that made law or systems about medicine or published the medical books. The third, it is personnel that received the medical treatment like patients or their protectors. The last, it is personnel that are teachers, students, friends, and relatives of people above mentioned. The studies of medical personnel in history are important. Those are more effective and easier informations than medicine itself. This paper is the study on medical personnel about HyangYak medicine that soley made from HyangYak(鄕藥) and that of classifying the informations about these persons.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2020

Objectives : In this paper, We pointed out medico-historical meaning of Hyang'yak Kugŭppang (鄕藥救急方, Medical Recipes of Local Botanicals for Emergency Use), a medical book of Koryŏ Dynasty, breaking from the existing analysis view based on Hyang'yak (鄕藥), local herbs produced in Korean Peninsula. Methods : For that purpose, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of the diseases and symptoms, strategies of treatment, therapeutic tools, drug formulations, composition of herbal formulas in Hyang'yak Kugŭppang. Results : The following characteristics were confirmed in Hyang'yak Kugŭppang. First, it contained a way to cope with the diseases and symptoms that do not have to check the exterior, interior, cold, and heat. Also, it introduced basic strategies such as reducing, facilitating flow, draining downward, warming, or tonifying, etc. It mainly included herbal medicine as the therapeutic tools, and introduced formulas composed by single herb than complex recipes. It suggested external applications more than internal use, and proposed formulations in the form of decoctions or powders, etc. The herbs of formulas were used by experience without explanations of nature & taste, efficacy of each herbs. Conclusions : Hyang'yak Kugŭppang is a book of medical recipes for emergency use that has been distributed to help gentries, even if they do not have professional medical knowledge, to instantly cope with diseases and symptoms with medicines that are easy to obtain. Previous researches has analyzed the value of Hyang'yak Kugŭppang as a collection of information of hyang'yak, and used it as a historical basis of the uniqueness of Korean medicine. Since Hyang'yak Kugŭppang is not a book specialized for herbs, but rather a clinical medical book that introduces recipes for specific symptoms of diseases, if we pay attention to the clinical characteristics of Hyang'yak Kugŭppang, it will provide an opportunity to describe Koryŏ or Korean medicine in a new way.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.277-297
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• 2005

As a result of analyzing HyangYakJ ipSeongBang, by focusing on folk medicinal plants, the writer has christened the phrase 'Folk Medical Study' because the medical system of HyangYakJ ipSeongBang was quite different from the usual Korean Medicine or Eastern Medicine. Folk Medicine Study is medical study that emphasizes accessibility of drugs and facility of treatment. Folk Medicine Study is medical study that contains only contents that have been time-tested in our country. Folk Medicine Study is medical study that compiled all herbal knowledge and expertise of prescription of the herbal medicine produced on our land.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2008

In order to unravel the implication on the Hwang Jahu's, a well-known medical doctor, critique of "HyangYakJibSungBang(鄕藥集成方)"(Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside)'s publication, this essay calls for an investigation of socio-economical situations and systematic support for the development of native herbal drugs of that time. In the period of King SeJong various systematic aspects supporting the development and utilization of native herbal drugs were created. In this ambient, Hwang Jahu also dedicated his life in the application of native herbal drugs. Though Hwang strongly recommended the use of native herbal herbs while importing insufficient resources from China. He gave a critique of "HyangYakJibSungBang(鄕藥集成方)"'s publication. Hwang's critique didn't lie on the book itself but on the practicality of this large volume from the public. He insisted more on the necessities of practical and easy accessible books for emergency situations. Throughout the emphasis on wide distribution of compact medical books and the utilization of acupuncture and moxibustion, in part reveals his pragmatic stand.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Noh Jungrye(盧重禮) can be cited as an representative royal doctor of early Chosun dynasty. He collaborated in the development of korean medicine out of the influence of chinese medicine. He made an systematical approach on supply and propagation of The Native Herb Medicine(鄕藥) which promoted the independence of Korean medicine. The edition of "HyangYakJibSungBang(鄕藥集成方)"(Compendium of Prescriptions from the Countryside) was the result of this effort establishing the originality of Korean medicine. He also strengthened in the medical support new born child editing "TaeSanYoRok(胎産要錄)" as their mortal rate was high in that time. In social-political aspect, being appointed in Dangsanggwan(堂上官) as a doctor, was controversial as even after his death this discussion kept on. On the other hand this designation prompt other doctors to devote in Korean medicine.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2017

This literature review focuses on external treatments for the throat, as found in the classic Korean text, Hyang-Yak-Jib-Sung-Bang Throat. Sections of the text related to external treatment of throat disorders were reviewed. Examples of frequently used external methods include gargling, application of powder, and brushing of the throat. These methods are still used in modern Korean Medicine treatments for Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) disorders. This discussion is provided with intention to invigorate the ancient practices of throat treatments, by highlighting benefits and results of the therapeutic protocols described in Hyang-Yak-Jib-Sung-Bang Throat. Discovering new effective herbal medicines and developing more precise external treatments will advance ENT treatment in Korean medicine.

• 동양고전연구
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• 제35호
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• pp.415-445
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• 2009

순암(順菴) 안정복(安鼎福)(1712~1791)은 역사학자로 널리 알려져 있지만, 향촌사회(鄕村社會) 전문가이기도 했다. 그는 중앙 정치권력에서 소외된 남인계(南人系) 학자였다. 유년과 청년시절 향촌 각처를 전전했고, 20대 중반 광주(廣州) 덕곡(德谷)에 정착한 뒤로는 관직 때문에 잠시 나간 것을 제외하고는 줄곧 이곳에 머물며 수양과 저술에 전념했다. 60대 후반 목천(木川) 현감(縣監)을 마지막으로 실직(實職)에서 물러났다. 이러한 불우한 환경은 그의 학문적 관심과 정치적 시선을 형이상학(形而上學)이 아닌 '형이하학(形而下學)'으로, 중앙이 아닌 '향촌'으로 향하게 했다. 그는 향촌을 가(家)와 국(國)을 매개하는 연결고리로 파악하고, 향촌을 기반으로 하여 인간의 기본 윤리와 일상생활에서의 예(禮)의 실천을 강조하는 유교공동체를 구상했다. 먼저, 그가 구상한 유교공동체는 향촌을 단위로 하는 지역공동체이다. 그는 향촌사회의 문제를 해결하기 위하여 교화(敎化)를 최우선의 과제로 삼고, 향약(鄕約)을 그 방안으로 제시했다. 자신의 향리에 동약(洞約)을 실시했고, 목천 현감 시절에는 향약(鄕約)을 시행했다. 이것은 사대부 중심의 향촌질서를 재구축하고자 한 의도로 파악된다. 그러나 이 향약은 상하(上下) 동참의 형태를 취하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 민심(民心)에 대한 순응과 사대부의 솔선수범을 강조하고 일상생활에서의 윤리의 실천을 통해 구성원 간의 조화와 질서를 추구한다는 점에서 지역공동체적인 성격을 지닌다. 한편, 그는 향촌의 학문공동체를 기획했다. 그는 학교 진흥을 교화의 급선무로 인식하고, 서재(書齋)를 중심으로 향촌 자제들과 강학 활동을 전개했다. 여택재(麗澤齎)라는 서재(書齋)를 설치하여 "소학(小學)"을 강독했고, 70대 후반에는 "여씨향약(呂氏鄕約)"을 표준으로 하고 일상의 윤리와 독서법을 덧붙인 학약(學約)을 마련하여 시행했다. 이 학약은 뒤에 전라남도 나주의 미천서원(眉泉書院)에 적용되었다. 이는 강학과 명도(明道)의 중시, 독서와 실천의 일치를 강조하는 그의 학문관과 학문공동체 기획의 사회적 확장 가능성을 보여주는 사례라고 판단된다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

The early Joseon era was a period when various medical systems were established and many medical literatures were published. Hwang Ja-hu(黃子厚) was a civil minister and medical professional who worked hard for maintaining government administrative system and medical regime during the Taejong and Sejong reign. Hwang Ja-hu followed his father and made MiReukWon(彌勒院) prosperous for the homeless people around Chungcheong-do Hoedeok. Hwang Ja-hu was talented in policy development as a government official. He was also learned in medicine, thus always doubled as head of JeonUiGam(典醫監). Hwang Ja-hu reformed the irrationalities in medical regime. He legalized JeonUiGam duties such as the presenting of the medicine or the preparation of the medicine and had the doctors take charge. He also suggested training acupuncture specialists(鍼灸專門醫). Hwang Ja-hu played a leading role in spreading HyangYak(鄕藥) throughout the country and reissuing [HyangYakGuGeupBang(鄕藥救急方)] due to personal philanthropism and service. He tried to defeat illnesses by letting the common people understand the symptoms and use medicine accordingly. Also he intended [HyangYakGuGeupBang(鄕藥救急方)] which was written focused on 'easiness book'(簡易方), 'experience book'(經驗方) to be used for the common people because [HyangYakJipSungBang(鄕藥集成方)] was made up a huge volume andused for training medical professionals and for accumulating knowledge. Hwang Ja-hu pursed subdivision of medical systems and specialization of medicine but also promoted medical rights. We should continue to discover and introduce medical figures who understood medicine and improved the medical systems.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2018

"향약채취월령"과 "동의보감"을 비롯한 우리나라 옛 문헌에 나오는 식물명 상기생(桑寄生)은 지금까지 뽕나무겨우살이(Loranthus parasiticus), 꼬리겨우살이(Loranthus tanakae), 참나무겨우살이(Taxillus yadoriki), 뽕나무겨우살이(Taxillus chinensis), 동백나무겨우살이(Korthalsella japonica), 그리고 겨우살이(Viscum album var. coloratum)로 알려져 왔다. 최근에는 상기생(桑寄生)이 국내에는 분포하지 않는다는 주장도 제기되었으나, 옛 문헌에 기록된 상기생은 중국에서 부르는 상기생, 즉 Taxillus sutchuenensis과는 다른 겨우살이(V. album var. coloratum)임이 확인되었다. 상기생을 뽕나무겨우살이라고 불렀으나, 최근에는 겨우살이로 부르고 있음이 확인되었다.