• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.195-218
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• 2009

The results of documentary survey of 81 prescriptions of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended ones introduced in Dongeuibogam in which there are 42 of prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent and 39 of prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as assistant constituent can be summarized as followings, 1. Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent are applied to 20 categories of disease such as 7 of external disease from the chapters of various dermatos is, various injury, tumor(16.6%), 5 of fire disease from the chapter of fire(12%), 5 of eye diseases from the chapter of eye(12%), 4 of disease originated from damage by coldness from the chapter of coldness(9%), etc. 2, It has been found that mainly considered causative agents in diseases, when making up Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang blended prescriptions using Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang as main constituent, are feverish toxin in internal organs, followed by exogenous damp and fever, feverish toxin from damage by coldness and more such as extravasated blood, damp toxin, lack of ki and blood, lack of yin, congestion, the seven passions, blood overflow and excess liquor and sex.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.90-99
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• 2018

Objectives Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang is a Korean herbal medical treatment that removes toxic heat, fever and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment on the relief of atopic dermatitis (AD) through regeneration of skin lipid barrier. Methods Male NC/Nga mice (20 g, 6 week age) were used. Each 10 mice were allocated to the control group (Ctrl), the AD-induced with no treatment group (AE), and the group which induced AD after administering Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang extract (HT). To induce AD-like skin lesions, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was rubbed on the back of each mouse to remove the lipid lamella of the stratum corneum, and Dermatophagoides (D.) farinae crude extract was applied. HT group was orally administered Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang after induction of AD. IL-4 IL-13, $p-I{\kappa}B$, iNOS, Sudan Black B (SB), loricrin, and filaggrin were observed to confirm the effect. Results In HT group, AD skin score was decreased by 46%. The cytokine IL-4 and IL-13, which can identify Th2 differentiation, was reduced by 73% and 58% each. Anti-inflammatory effects were observed in $p-I{\kappa}B$ and iNOS by 69% and 54%, respectively. Finally, SB showed that the regeneration of the lipid layer and the increase of the regeneration power of loricrin and filaggrin were increased by 437% and 464%, respectively. Conclusions From the study result, we observed that Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment alleviates AD by decreasing skin score, reducing Th2 differentiation, inducing anti-inflammatory, and increasing skin lipid barrier regeneration. Thus, Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang treatment would be considered as an effective AD relieving treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.100-113
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• 2011

Objectives: Brain edema is brain swelling that occurs due to the accumulation of excess water in the brain parenchyma. AQP4 and AQP9 are water-channel proteins expressed strongly in the brain and control water fluxes into and out of the brain parenchyma. This study was conducted to evaluate effect of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang on brain edema and intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods: Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by intrastriatal injection of type IV collagenase(0.23 U/${\mu}l$, 0.1 ${\mu}l$/min) into Sprague-Dawley rat brains. Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang water extract(1,000 mg/kg) was administered orally three times every 20 hours from 4 hours after ICH operation. Then hematoma volume, brain edema percentage, and water content of brain tissue were measured. Immuno-histochemistry was performed for AQP4 and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analyzing system. Results: 1. Water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang reduced hematoma volume of ICH induced rat. 2. Water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang reduced MPO positive neutrophils in the perihematoma of the ICH induced rat. 3. Water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang reduced brain edema percentage and water content of brain tissue of ICH induced rat. 4. Water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang reduced AQP4 immuno-positive cells in the perihematoma of the ICH induced rat. 5. Water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang reduced AQP9 immuno-positive cells in the perihematoma of the ICH induced rat. Conclusions: These results suggest that Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang decreases intracerebral hemorrhage and brain edema by means of downregulating AQP4 and AQP9 expressions in the brain.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2020

■ Objectives This case report is reported to show the effect of Ukgansan and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang on a patient who complaining myoclonic seizure due to psychogenic non epileptic seizure, occurred after traumatic stress event. ■ Methods A female patients with myolconic seizure was treated with Ukgansan and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang during 5 days. Then we assessed dyskinesia severity by AIMS(Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) every two days til discharge. ■ Results Seizure decreased two days after hospitalization, then disappeared third day. There was no recurrence till discharge. When she revisited outpatients clinic, there was no symptom. ■ Conclusion This case showed the effect of Ukgansan and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang on psychogenic epileptic seizure.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.494-501
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• 2020

Objectives: Insomnia is a common condition that causes deterioration of cognitive function and physical function and has a negative impact on quality of life. Insomnia is experienced by more than one-third of the population of the world. Although sleeping pills are currently used as therapeutic agents, they have side effects, so safer treatment methods are needed. Therefore, we report a case of an outpatient who sleeps only one hour a day due to insomnia. Methods: The patient visited Korean Medicine Hospital 10 times for four weeks and was treated with Korean medicine therapies, including electroacupuncture on the back-Shu points and herbal medicine (Yukmijihwang-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang). Treatment progress was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Results: After 29 days of treatment, the PSQI score decreased from 20 points and 14 points. The ISI score also decreased to decreased to 22 points from 26 points. The average daily sleeping time increased from 60 minutes to 197.1 minutes after treatment. No significant side effects were observed. Conclusions: Yukmijihwang-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang with electroacupuncture might be a recommended therapeutic option for insomnia patients.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2013

Objectives : The water extract of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang (HHT), composed of the Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Phellodendri Cortex and Gardeniae Fructus has been traditionally used to treat fever, inflammation, gastritis and hypertension in east asia. However, little is known about the ameliorative effects of HHT on atopic dermatitis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of HHT on atopic dermatitis Methods : We investigated the inhibitory effects of HHT on the production of proinflammatory cytokines in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs), on the scratching behavior in ICR mice, and on atopic dermatitis symptoms in 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced atopic dermatitis-like model hairless mice. Results : Levels of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ increased by PMA plus A23187 co-treatment were significantly inhibited by HHT in a dose-dependent manner. HHT also inhibited the histamine release from RPMCs stimulated by compound 48/80, which promotes histamine release. The oral administration of HHT reduced the scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 and histamine in ICR mice. Furthermore, the intradermal treatment of HHT reduced the ear edema, skin lesions, and atopic molecular marker (IgE and IL-4) in DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis model mice. Conclusions : These results suggest that HHT may be used as a potential treatment for AD as a prescription for treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

Objective : Recently interest of fermented herb medicine has increased in Oriental medicine. Herb medicine fermented in a proper condition resultingly has better or new virtue by microbe. This study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of herbal decoction and fermented herbal decoction in Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang (Huanglian fiedu-tang; HHT). Methods : The effects of HHT and FHHT on anti-inflammation were measured by production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine productions including TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6 in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. Results : 1. Cell viability in three doses of HHT extract (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 mg/ml) and two doses of FHHT extract (0.01, 0.05 mg/ml) was more than 70％ and 80％ each. 2. In RAW 264.7 cells, LPS displayed significant stimulatory effects on the production of NO. However, both HHT, FHHT showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of NO. 3. Pre-treatment by HHT in a various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50mg/ml) reduced the elevated production of TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1${\beta}$, IL-1${\beta}$ mRNA, IL-6 mRNA. More than 0.05mg/ml concentrations of HHT reduced the production of IL-6. And TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1${\beta}$ level of mouse serum reduced in a various dose(0.1, 0.5, 1.0g/kg). 4. Pre-treatment by FHHT in a various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50mg/ml) reduced the elevated production of TNF-${\alpha}$. More than 0.05mg/ml concentrations of FHHT reduced the expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA. 0.1, 0.50mg/ml concentrations of FHHT reduced the production of IL-6. And IL-1${\beta}$ level of mouse serum reduced in a various dose(0.1, 0.5, 1.0g/kg). Conclusions : These results indicated that both HHT and FHHT could have anti-inflammatory capacity by inhibiting the production of NO and cytokines in vitro. But HHT has more strong anti-inflammatory effects than that of FHHT in broad outlines.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2009

Objectives : Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang (Huanglian Jiedu Tang; HHT) has been widely used for purging' 'fire' and lessening virulence of any pathogenic organism. However it has been rarely conducted to evaluate the immuno-biological activity. In this study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory effects of HHT in LPS-activated Raw264.7 cells. Methods : Cells were treated with $1\;{\mu}g/ml$ of LPS 1 h prior to the addition of HHT. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The production of NO was determined by reacting cultured medium with Griess reagent. PGE2 and proinflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. Expression of iNOS, COX-2, $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and NF-${\kappa}B$ were analyzed by immunoblot analysis. Results : All three doses of HHT (0.03, 0.10 and 0.30 mg/ml) had no significant cytotoxicity during the entire experimental period. The levels of NO and PGE2 were dramatically augmented by LPS compared to control. However, HHT extract dose-dependently reduced these increases. Expression of iNOS and COX-2 protein were also decreased by treatment with HHT extract. Furthermore, HHT extract significantly reduced the nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ which is critical in regulating inflammation through transcription of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, HHT extract reduced the elevated production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6. Conclusions : The results in this study demonstrate that HHT extract exerts anti-inflammatory activities through the inhibition of NO, PGE2 and proinflammatory cytokines production via the suppression of NF-${\kappa}B$.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.144-157
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang (HH) and Geongangbuja-tang (GB) on the plasma hormone level in mice exposed to cold stress. HH and GB are the representative prescriptions of cold and hot property, respectively. Methods : We established cold condition by confining ICR mice to a $4^{\circ}C$ cage for 24 hours, ICR mice were given a HH (100, 300, 1000 mg/kg) or GB (100, 300, 1000 mg/kg) extract orally twice a day for three consecutive days. From the second day, they were given cold stress ($4^{\circ}C$) for twenty four hours. To measure the plasma corticosterone, insulin, thyroxine, epinephrine and norepinephrine levels of mice, their blood samples were collected from cardiac puncture, immediately centrifuged at $4^{\circ}C$. The protein level of HSP70 and JNK was examined using western blot analysis in cortex and hypothalamus. Results : Oral administration of GB more significantly reduced plasma corticosterone level raised by cold stress than HH. Gardeniae Fructus (CJ), the constituent of HH, significantly increased the thyroxine level. Western blot analysis showed that cold stress-induced Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression was increased by HH and GB, HH decreased JNK expression and GB increased JNK expression dose-depently in hypothalamus. Scutellariae Radix (HG), Zingiberis Rhizoma (GG) and Aconiti Tuber (BJ) decreased HSP70 in hypothalamus and GG, BJ decreased HSP70 in cortex as well. Conclusions : These results suggest Geongangbuja-tang (GB) is more effective for ameliorating the stress response caused by cold stress.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2008

Objectives : Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang(HNHDT) is the one of well-known traditional herbal formula and has been widely used for the treatment of various diseases in Korea. For the quality improvement of commercial traditional herbal formula, we investigated the quality of prepared HNHDT. Methods: We measured the contents of baicalin, berberine and geniposide in the HNHDT Ex preparations on the market by HPLC and compared with the official notice of ingredients. Results: In 3 preparations of HNHDT covered with the national health insurance(NHI), the content of baicalin was various from 32.83mg to 185.05mg, the total berberine was $12.0{\sim}50.75mg$ and geniposide was $12.57{\sim}44.84mg$. Contents of marker ingredients in NHI Preparations were below the standard and showed a large variation. In 7 non NHI Preparations of HNHDT and the standard(STD) HNHDT manufactured in laboratory, the content of baicalin was $37.16{\sim}115.69mg$, the total berberine was $5.62{\sim}28.43mg$ and geniposide was $10.98{\sim}113.47mg$. But, because composition of non-NHI preparations is different from NHI preparations, every maker's contents were up to the notice for baicalin and berberine. There was newly enforced standard regulations of geniposide in non-NHI preparations, so contents of geniposide was up to that standard only in JI and STD. Conclusions: There was a large variation of contents in the HNHDT Ex preparations on the market and the quality differences were existed between NHI and non-NHI preparations of HNHDT. Further studies for evaluation of efficacy differences and standardization of manufacturing processes are necessary.