• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.527-532
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• 2011

ESR1 has been listed in the Human Obesity Gene Map as candidate gene associated with obesity. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of the ESR1 rs1884051 polymorphism on obesity-related variables, together with their modulations by dietary intake in Korean men. The obesity-related variables and dietary intake of 3,039 Korean men aged 40-59 years from KoGES database were analyzed. Body weight (P = 0.007), BMI (P = 0.003), waist-hip ratio (= 0.011), fat body mass (P = 0.010), and body fat percentage (P = 0.040) were significantly lower in subjects with the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 than in subjects carrying the C allele. Moreover, the rs1884051 T allele was associated with a decreased risk of obesity prevalence (P = 0.040). Among the subjects whose total energy intake was below the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.003) when compared with subjects carrying the C allele. In addition, among subjects whose plant protein intake was above the median, carrier of the minor T allele of ESR1 rs1884051 had a lower BMI (P = 0.044) compared with subjects carrying the C allele. Our findings demonstrate that there is a significant association between the ESR1 rs1884051 variant and obesity-related variables and this association can be potentially modified by dietary energy and plant protein intake.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.126-136
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of breast milk olfactory stimulation on physiological responses, oral feeding progression, and body weight in preterm infants. Methods: A repeated measures design with nonequivalent control group was used. The participants were healthy, preterm infants born at a gestational age of 28~32 weeks; 12 in the experimental group and 16 in the control group. Data were collected prospectively in the experimental group, and retrospectively in the control group, by the same methods. Breast milk olfactory stimulation was provided 12 times over 15 days. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and linear mixed models using SPSS 19. Results: The gastric residual volume (GRV) of the experimental group was significantly less than that of the control group. The heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate, transition time to oral feeding, and body weight were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings indicate that breast milk olfactory stimulation reduces GRV and improves digestive function in preterm infants without inducing distress.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.648-657
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• 2019

A cluster topology was proposed with the assumption of zero noise to improve the performance of wireless body area networks (WBANs). However, in WBANs, the transmission power should be reduced as low as possible to avoid the effect of electromagnetic waves on the human body and to extend the lifetime of a battery. Therefore, in this work, we consider a bit error rate for a cluster-based WBAN and analyze the performance of the system while the transmission of sensors and cluster headers (CHs) is controlled. Moreover, a hierarchical topology is proposed for the cluster-based WBAN to further improve the throughput of the system; this proposed system is called as the hierarchical cluster WBAN. The hierarchical cluster WBAN is combined with a transmission control scheme, that is, complete control, spatial reuse superframe, to increase the throughput. The proposed system is analyzed and evaluated based on several factors of the system model, such as signal-to-noise ratio, number of clusters, and number of sensors. The calculation result indicates that the proposed hierarchical cluster WBAN outperforms the cluster-based WBAN in all analyzed scenarios.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of an herbal mixture of Atractylodes macrocephala and Taraxacum spp. (ATC) on ulcerative colitis. We have previously screened traditional medicinal herbs to discover the effective candidate by the animal model. A. macrocephala and T. spp were identified as one of the effective herbs in the screening process. Methods : Experimental colitis was induced in male Balb/c mice by administering drinking water containing dextran sulfate sodium, which mimics the clinical and histological features of ulcerative colitis in human. ATC at doses of 30, 100 or 300 mg/kg were orally administered to mice twice per day for 10 consecutive days. To evaluate the damage from experimentla ulcerative colitis, body weight, colon length, disease activity index, myeloperoxidase and histological changes were measured and analyzed. Results : The administration of dextran sulfate sodium with drinking water resulted in markedly reduced colon length, severe body weight loss, increased levels of myeloperoxidase activity and histological damages in mice. ATC treatment significantly ameliorated the colon shortening, histological damage, body weight loss and disease activity index score in a dose-dependent manner. ATC also attenuated the colonic myeloperoxidase activity which reflects the severity and extent of inflammatory damage of colon. Conclusions : ATC exerts protective effects against inflammatory colonic structural damage induced by epithelial barrier integrity impairment. ATC also inhibits weight loss and related symptoms of UC which can be considered as the functional recovery of colon.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1725-1728
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• 2015

Objective: To explore effects of paclitaxel-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) particles on the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 cells. Materials and Methods: The viability of HepG2 cells was assessed using MTT under different concentrations of prepared paclitaxel-loaded particles and paclitaxel (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L), and apoptosis was analyzed using Hochest33342/Annexin V-FITC/PI combined with an IN Cell Analyzer 2000. Results: Paxlitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were characterized by narrow particle size distribution (158.6 nm average particle size). The survival rate of HepG2 cells exposed to paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles decreased with the increase of concentration and time period (P<0.01 or P<0.05), the dose- and time-dependence indicating sustained release (P<0.05). Moreover, apoptosis of HepG2 cells was induced, again with an obvious dose- and time-effect relationship (P<0.05). Conclusions: Paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HCC HepG2 cells. This new-type of paclitaxel carrier body is easily made and has low cost, good nanoparticle characterization and sustained release. Hence, paclitaxel-loaded PLGA particles deserve to be widely popularized in the clinic.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2008

We investigated if Chlorella vulgaris (CV) has protective effects on cadmium (Cd) induced liver damage in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Forty rats, aged 5 weeks old and weighed 90-110g, were divided into a control (with Cd free water), 50 ppm of $CdCl_2$ in drinking water treated groups (Chlorella 0% diet group (Cd/CV0%), Chlorella 5% diet group (Cd/CV5%) or Chlorella 10% diet group (Cd/CV10%). All the rats had freely access to water and diet for 8 weeks. The results show that body weight gain and relative liver weight had significantly lower in Cd/CV0%-treated group than in Cd/CV-treated groups. Hepatic Cd contents showed significantly less by feeding CV (P<0.05). Cd/CV0%-treated rats had significantly (P<0.05) higher hepatic T-MTs, and Cd-MTs concentrations, compared to Cd/CV5% or Cd/CV10% treated rats. The MT I/II mRNA was expressed in the liver of all experimental rats. Its expression was more increased in Cd/CV5%- or Cd/CV10%-treated rats, compared to control and Cd-treated rats. Thus, this study suggested that CV would have a protective effect on Cd-treated liver injury by the reduction of Cd concentrations and stimulation of Cd-MT binds in the liver. However, more studies are needed to identify the proper mechanism of CV and liver toxicity.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2018

Cancer is a major burden of human disease worldwide. Current chemotherapy has severe side effects because the drugs affect whole body nonspecifically. In addition, the drugs to reach cancer cells are very limited. Over the last two decades, Drug Delivery System (DDS) using nanoparticles has suggested promising results to improve current limitations. In this study, we prepared PLGA nanoparticles with different charge properties and observed their stability and internalization effect to cancer cells. Results using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the size and chemical composition of the nanoparticles. The stability of the nanoparticles in pH buffers were variable depending on charge properties. The nanoparticles showed different cytotoxicity and internalization effects to MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated the importance of delicately engineered nanoparticles for better DDS in cancer.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2007

In this study, reactions of central nervous systems working against different conditions of forced frequency and acceleration were measured and analyzed. The experiment are conducted with health men. The steady vibration conditions of forced frequency (0.315m/s2-1.0Hz, 0.315m/s2-10Hz and 10Hz-1.0m/s2) are used and the waves of EEG (Electroencephalogram) are measured. As a result, this paper shows that the ${\alpha}-wave$ of frontal lobe transfers from low to high frequency band under the vibration environment. Additionally, the average frequency of ${\alpha}-wave$ is higher under the vibration than under non-vibration environment. In the case of forced frequency of 1.0Hz-0.315m/s2, the feeling with the vibration are nearly same compared with the non-vibration condition. But in the case of 10Hz-1.0m/s2, uncomfortable feeling increased compared with the non-vibration condition. This study also shows the relationship between fluctuation slop and feeling. From this study, it is found that the effect of vibration on human depends on acceleration characteristics. Highly accelerating vibration is more harmful to human.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2021

[Purpose] Skeletal muscle glycogen is a determinant of endurance capacity for some athletes. Ginger is well known to possess nutritional effects, such as anti-diabetic effects. We hypothesized that ginger extract (GE) ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen by enhancing fat oxidation. Thus, we investigated the effect of GE ingestion on exercise capacity, skeletal muscle glycogen, and certain blood metabolites in exercised rats. [Methods] First, we evaluated the influence of GE ingestion on body weight and elevation of exercise performance in rats fed with different volumes of GE. Next, we measured the skeletal muscle glycogen content and free fatty acid (FFA) levels in GE-fed rats. Finally, we demonstrated that GE ingestion contributes to endurance capacity during intermittent exercise to exhaustion. [Results] We confirmed that GE ingestion increased exercise performance (p<0.05) and elevated the skeletal muscle glycogen content compared to the nonGE-fed (CE, control exercise) group before exercise (Soleus: p<0.01, Plantaris: p<0.01, Gastrocnemius: p<0.05). Blood FFA levels in the GE group were significantly higher than those in the CE group after exercise (p<0.05). Moreover, we demonstrated that exercise capacity was maintained in the CE group during intermittent exercise (p<0.05). [Conclusion] These findings indicate that GE ingestion increases skeletal muscle glycogen content and exercise performance through the upregulation of fat oxidation.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2023

Attention is a fundamental aspect in the cognitive process of human. Cognitive system of human body requires to focus on selected information among a vast amount of information from sensory organs. It has widely studied that various environmental factors affected the level of attention; however, few researches have aimed to the effect of direct cryotherapy. In this research, level of attention was studied comparing sub-indexes of FAIR test between groups with different duration of direct cryotheapy to the back of neck. FAIR test is a evaluation tool for visual attention consisting of three sub-indexes. Selective attention, accuracy of attention, and persistence of attention can be independently analyzed by FAIR test. In the analysis of selective attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 20 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. In the analysis of persistence of attention, cryotherapy for 5 to 15 minutes showed higher result than cryotherapy for 40 minutes. Overall, selective attention and persistence of attention turns out to be maximized between 5 to 20 minutes of cryotherapy and tends to decrease afterwards. However, accuracy of attention does not seem to be affected by the duration of cryotherapy. Correlation between selective attention and the skin temperature by cryotherapy tends to be negative supporting the findings by ANOVA and post-hoc test. Correlation between persistence of attention and the skin temperature showed similar results.