BIM 모델과 증강현실을 활용한 교량 유지관리방안 연구 (Research on Bridge Maintenance Methods Using BIM Model and Augmented Reality)
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- 대한토목학회논문집
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- 제44권1호
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- pp.1-9
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- 2024
건설구조물인 교량은 1970년대 이후 584개소에서 38,405개소로 증가하였다. 하지만, 교량의 개소가 증가하면서 공용연수 30년 이상인 교량이 2030년까지 21,737개소로(71%) 증가하면서 시설물에 대한 인적자원 기본 유지보수에 따른 인명사고가 발생할 수 있다. 이에 따라 교량의 안전점검 및 유지관리 방안의 중요성이 높아지고 있으며, 다수의 교량을 관리하는 감독자의 의사결정 지원의 필요성도 요구되고 있다. 현재 교량의 안전점검 및 유지관리 방법은 외관조사망도에 손상 및 상태, 위치, 규격 등을 수기로 기입하거나, 카메라로 촬영하여 기록하는 방식을 사용하고 있지만, 손상·결함의 표기 오류나 감독관의 착각, 오타 등으로 인해 안전점검 및 진단 전체의 신뢰성이 저하될 수 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 연구에서는 BIM 모델에 기록된 손상데이터를 AR 환경에 시각화하고, 감독자의 유지관리 의사결정 지원을 통해 소수의 인원이 많은 교량의 유지관리 방안에 대해 제안한다.
Franchising is one of the fastest growing types of business. It is already popular and well-known in the U.S., and has been growing in many other countries including Korea. Furthermore, many Korean franchising companies have expanded their business overseas actively. According to the data by the Ministry of Industry and Resource, 82 companies out of a sample of 500 franchising companies are already operating in many foreign countries and 48% of them have started their foreign business since 2006. This clearly indicates the fast growing current trend of foreign operation by Korean franchising companies. In spite of the fast growing trend of foreign expansion in the industry, academic research on internationalization of franchising companies is extremely difficult to find. Accordingly, academic research on the issue is necessary and urgent in Korea. Among the various research questions on internationalization of franchising business, this study intends to investigate the difference in organizational factors between the franchising companies doing foreign operation and those doing business only domestically. More specifically, this research has the following purposes. First, considering the lack of theoretical basis of previous studies, resource-based theory and agency theory are employed as the theoretical bases. Second, this study explains the difference in internationalization based on organizational factors such as company size, history and growth rate. Third, the five hypotheses regarding the difference in organizational factors are presented and tested empirically, which is the first attempt in the area of this topic. Finally, the study attempts to clarify the conflicting implications among theories regarding some organizational factos such as growth rate. As the theoretical background, resource-based theory and agency theory are discussed. According to resource-based theory, a firm can grow continuously when it has competence and resource, and also the ability to develop them. The competence and resource can include capital, human resource, management skill, market information, ability to manage risk, etc. Meanwhile, agency theory views the relationship between franchisor and franchisee as an agency relationship. In agency theory, bonding capability and monitoring capability are the two key factors which promote internationalization of franchising companies. Based on the two theories, a conceptual model is designed. The model consists of two groups of variables. One is organizational factors including size, history, growth rate, price bonding and geographic dispersion. The other is whether a franchising company is operating overseas or not. We developed the following five research hypotheses basically describing the relationship between organizational factors and internationalization of franchising companies. H1: The size of franchising companies operating overseas is larger than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H2: The history of franchising companies operating overseas is longer than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H3: The growth rate of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H4: The price bonding of franchising companies operating overseas is higher than that of franchising companies operating domestically. H5: The geographic dispersion of franchising companies operating overseas is wider than that of franchising companies operating domestically. Data for the analyses are obtained from 2005 Korea Franchise Survey data co-generated by Ministry of Industry and Resource, GS1 Korea, and Korea Franchise Association. Out of 2,804 population companies, 2,489 companies are excluded for various reasons and 315 companies are selected as the final sample. Prior to hypotheses tests, validity and reliability of the measures of size, history, growth rate and price bonding are examined for further analyses. Geographic dispersion is not validated since it is measured using nominal data. A series of independent sample T-tests is used to find out whether there exists any significant difference between the companies internationalized and those operating only domestically for each organizational factor. Among the five factors, size and geographic dispersion show significant difference, growth rate and price bonding do not reveal any difference and, finally, history factor shows conflicting results in the difference depending on how to measure it.