• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.754-758
• /
• 2001

Bovine oocytes with compact and complete cumulus cells were cultured for up to 24h in TCM199 buffered with 25mmol/l hepes and supplemented with 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum), 1mg/ml $17{\beta}$-estradiol, 20IU/ml hCG(human chorionic gonadotropin). All of the oocytes were divided into at 6 groups depending upon incubation times (control, 0 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 16 hours, 18 hours). To all experimental media, $200{\mu}g/ml$ puromycin was added at different incubation times mentioned above. Following these culture times, in vitro insemination was conducted with frozen-thawed bovine spermatozoa in medium BO (Brackett and Oliphant medium for in vitro insemination) with $10{\mu}g/ml$ BSA(bovine serum albumin) and 10 mg/ml heparin added. After 22h culture, the oocytes were fixed with acetic alcohol solution and stained with orcein acetic solution to evaluate sperm nuclear progression. Addition of puromycin after 0, 6 and 12 h of culture resulted in near of oocyte maturation at the M1 stage. Contrariwise, puromycin addition after 12 h of culture led to restoration of nuclear progression to M2 stage. On the one hand, puromycin affected the synthesis of Cyclin B protein that may be involved in the oocyte maturation and sperm capacitation for in vitro fertilization. The present study suggests the participation of protein synthesis, cyclin B, in the oocyte development from M1 to M2 stages in vitro.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.435-438
• /
• 2015

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a condition of uncertain etiology, choriocarcioma, or placental-site hydatidiform moles, invasive moles, choriocarcinoma, and placental-site trophoblastic tumors. It arises from the abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic tissue and spreads beyond the uterus hematogenously. The early diagnosis of GTD is important to ensure timely and successful management and the preservation of fertility. We report the unusual case of a metastatic choriocarcinoma that formed bullae on the lung surface and presented as recurrent pneumothorax in a 38-year-old woman with elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. She underwent thoracoscopic wedge resection of the involved lung and four subsequent cycles of consolidation chemotherapy. No other evidence of metastatic disease or recurrent pneumothorax was noted during 22 months of follow-up. GTD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spontaneous pneumothorax in reproductive-age women with an antecedent pregnancy and abnormal beta-hCG levels.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.117-124
• /
• 2007

The present study demonstrates the changes in body weight (BW) and plasma sex steroid hormone profiles during artificial maturation induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or salmon pituitary extract (SPE) injections in cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, kept in seawater for 3 months. In the weekly SPE-injected female group, BW was relatively stable during vitellogenesis. Following induction of vitellogenesis, females exhibited a rapid increase of BW, and the oocytes were observed to be in the migratory nucleus stage at the end of the experiment. Plasma testosterone (T) and $estradiol-17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels increased slightly during vitellogenesis and peaked at an average of 5.82 ng/mL and 4.76 ng/mL, respectively, at the end of the experiment. In the weekly control and HCG-injected female groups, BW slowly decreased during the experimental period, and the oocytes of the two groups were observed to be at the primary yolk globule stage. In the weekly HCG-injected female group, plasma T and $E_2$ levels increased slightly during vitellogenesis and decreased afterward. In the control female group, however, plasma T and $E_2$ levels were not altered during the experimental period. Furthermore, plasma $17{\alpha},20{\beta}-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one$ (DHP) was not detected in all experimental groups. Fertility and hatching rates of SPE-injected females were significantly higher in those that ovulated 15 h after DHP injection than 18 h. These results indicate that long rearing in seawater increases responsiveness to SPE in ovarian maturation of the Japanese eel, resulting in shortened period from completion of vitellogenesis by sex steroid hormone production.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.204-211
• /
• 1995

인지질 그 자체만으로는 안정한 이중층 리포좀을 형성하지 못하는 불포화 PE(DOPE)에 palmitoyl가 가 결합된 항체(p-IgG)를 지질층에 삽입시켜 lmm t unoliposome을 제조하고 그 특성에 관하여 살펴 보 았다. 우선 안정된 리포좀을 제조하기 위해서 고려 해야할 인자들로 항체 가공방법, 지질과 항체와의 몰 비, 그리고 각종 첨가제들에 대한 최적 조건을 조 사하였다. 예를 들면 p-IgG와 lipid의 볼비를 $2.5{\times}10^{-4}$ 으로 했을 때 안정한 리포좀을 만들 수 있었으며, 첨가제로 들어가는 DOC의 경우 최종 농도가 O.09wt % 일 때 calcein의 포집률이 최대가 되었고 c calcein의 최종 pH는 8.5~9.5 정도에서 안정한 라포좀이 제조될 수 있었다. 다중 빛 단일클론의 항체 를 삽입한 리포좀을 표면항원을 가진 표적세포와 결합시켰을 때 리포좀이 와해되면셔 포집된 calcein이 방출되는 것으로 보아 삽입된 p-IgG가 PE 리포좀을 형성하는데 필수척임을 알 수 있었다. 또 같은 리포좀을 비특이적인 세포와 접촉시켰을 때에는 아무 런 변화를 보이지 않아 calcein 방출이 항원-항체 반응에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었고 이로부터 표적 민 감성 PE 리포좀이 만들어졌음을 확인하였다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.209-212
• /
• 1994

Mophological normal of unfertilized oocytes, which was collected 12-14 hours after human Chorionic Gonadotropin(jCG) injection, was not influenced by chronically adiministration of cocaine for 2 weeks in mice. Proportion of normal unfertilized oocytes in non-cocaine treated group (control), `0 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg cocaine treated group based on body weight with subcutaneous(s.c.) daily injection of cocaine for 2 weeks were 92.9%, 85.6% and 90.9%, respectively. There is no significant difference between control and cocaine treated groups. Two to 8 cell stage embryos collected 24-48 hours post hCG in control group were 66.7%, whereas, 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg groups treated with cocaine was 12.5% and 27.3% respectively. Although control and treated groups are significantly different (p<0.05) the developmental score of 2 to 8 cell stage embryos collected at 24-48 hours post HCG, there is no difference between 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg treated with cocaine groups. These results indicated that the normal embryos of the roups of cocaine administration were significantly amested when compared with that of control group. The proportion of 2 to 8 cell stage embryo reaching the blastocyst stage, which were cultured 48-52 hours with 5% $Co_2$ in air at $37^{\circ}C$, were 93.9% in control group and, 70.4% and 71.9% in each 10 mg/kg and to blastocyst in vitro culture was significantly limited embryos obtained from cocanized mice compared with those of control mice. These results suggest that episode of cocaine intoxication can cause impaiment of early embrygenesis in the mouse.

• 한국양식학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2000

사육수조내 자연산란이 이루어지지 않는 범가자미 암컷을 대상으로 호르몬 처리에 의안 인위적 성숙.배란 유도 실험이 이루어졌다. 산란시기에 범가자미 체중 kg당 HCG 265~678 IU, 17${\alpha}$ 20${\beta}$ OHP 0.5~1.0${\mu}$g 농도의 복강주사와 LHRHa 63~81 ${\mu}$g의 펠렛을 투여한 결과, HCG농도 약 300 IU가 범가자미의 최정성숙과 배란유도에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 17${\alpga}$ 20${\beta}$ OHP와 대조군에서는 난의 성숙이 거의 진행되지 않았으며, LHRHa 펠렛 실험군에서도 난의 최종성숙과 배란이 일어나지 않았다. 따라서 범가자미 암컷의 경우 현재 많이 사용되고 있는 LHRHa 펠렛 투여보다도 저농도의 HCG (dir 300 IU/kg 체중)o 주사가 난의 최종성숙과 배란에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.457-466
• /
• 2017

Survival of embryos largely depends on yolk processing during early development. Proteolytic enzymes, cathepsin B & D (ctsb & ctsd) are known to have some important roles in yolk processing of various fish species. Mature female red spotted groupers were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) to induce ovulation. The fertilized eggs and embryos were sampled at 0, 4 and 24 HPF (hours post fertilization). Survivals of each groups of embryos were checked at 24 and 48 HPH (hours post hatching). Transcripts of ctsb & ctsd showed the highest level at 0 HPF and relatively high at 4 HPF, but greatly decreased at 24 HPF. In bad egg quality group (BE, embryos survived until 24 HPH), transcript level of ctsb at 4 HPF were significantly lower than the transcript level at the same stage in good egg quality group (GE, embryos survived until 48 HPH) while no significant change of ctsb transcript level was observed at 0 or 24 HPF between BE and GE. Transcript level of ctsd was decreased at 24 HPF, but the difference was not as strong as the case of ctsb transcript. These results suggest that maternal ctsb transcript rather than ctsd transcript is likely to be involved in egg quality resulting in the difference of survival rate of embryos at early developmental period in this species.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2008

멸종위기 야생동식물이면서 천연기념물인 담수어류 미호종개의 난발생 과정 및 초기 생활사를 연구하였다. 성숙란은 인간 성선 자극호르몬(HCG) 10 IU $g^{-1}$을 주사하여 얻었으며, 습식번으로 수정하였다 수정란은 원형으로 투명한 황색을 띈 침성 점착란이었으며, 수정란의 직경은 $1.1\sim1.3mm$로 유구는 존재하지 않았다. 부화는 수온 평균 $25^{\circ}$에서 수정 후 24시간을 전후하여 시작하였다. 부화 직후 자어는 전각이 $2.5\sim2.7mm$ (평균 2.8 mm)로 입과 항문은 닫혀있었다. 부화 후 6일째 자어는 전장이 $4.7\sim5.4mm$(평균 5.1mm)로 꼬리 끝부분 척색이 $45^{\circ}$로 완전하게 굽어 후기 자어로 이행하였다. 부화 후 35일째 개체의 전장은 $20\sim22mm$ (평균 21.8 mm)로 모든 지느러미 가시와 줄기가 정수에 달하여 치어 단계로 이행하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.380-384
• /
• 2021

Theca lutein cysts are rare, benign lesions responsible for gross cystic enlargement of both ovaries during pregnancy. This condition is also termed hyperreactio luteinalis. Elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels or states of hCG hypersensitivity seem to promote these changes, which in up to 30% of patients produce clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. Given the self-limiting course of theca lutein cysts, which are subject to spontaneous postpartum resolution, conservative treatment is the mainstay of patient management. Described herein is a rare case of theca lutein cysts with maternal virilization that failed to regress by 9 months after childbirth. Surgical intervention was eventually undertaken, necessitated by adnexal torsion.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.269-277
• /
• 2021

Effects of water temperature and hormones on ovarian development of conger eel in Korea were investigated. Ovarian development was analyzed by measuring gonadosomatic index (GSI) and oocyte diameter with histological methods. At rearing water temperatures of 12℃, 14℃, and 16℃, GSI value increased from 3.66 at the start of the experiment to 7.44, 8.82, and 7.34 at the end of the experiment, respectively. At rearing water temperatures of 12℃, 14℃, and 16℃, egg diameter increased from 245.11-300.25 ㎛ at the start of the experiment to 377.62-480.27 ㎛, 396.72-498.54 ㎛, and 382.29-475.69 ㎛ at the end of the experiment, respectively. Follicular oocyte development revealed that primary yolk globule stage observed from January to March. It entered to secondary yolk globule stage in April and remained at the same stage until July. As a result of examining effects of three hormones (human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa), and salmon pituitary extraction (SPE) on ovarian development, HCG was found to be the most effective one. The progress from diapause of the secondary yolk globule stage to migratory nucleus stage of oocytes could be induced by treating fish with HCG at 1,000 IU/kg. The effect of hormone treatment on ovarian development of conger eel in Korea was the most effective at water temperature of 14℃.