• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to develop visual complexity metrics based on theoretical bases. Background: With the development of IT technologies, drivers process a large amount of information caused by automotive human-machine interface (HMI), such as a cluster, a head-up display, and a center-fascia. In other words, these systems are becoming more complex and dynamic than traditional driving systems. Especially, these changes can lead to the increase of visual demands. Thus, a concept and tool is required to evaluate the complicated systems. Method: We reviewed prior studies in order to analyze the visual complexity. Based on complexity studies and human perceptual characteristics, the dimensions characterizing the visual complexity were determined and defined. Results: Based on a framework and complexity dimensions, a set of metrics for quantifying the visual complexity was developed. Conclusion: We suggest metrics in terms of perceived visual complexity that can evaluate the in-vehicle displays. Application: This study can provide the theoretical bases in order to evaluate complicated systems. In addition, it can quantitatively measure the visual complexity of In-vehicle information system and be helpful to design in terms of preventing risks, such as human error and distraction.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

Recently it is coming to be hish reality on visual system in ship-handling simulator depending on the technical development of 3D computer graphics. Even with high reality, it is possible that visual information presented seafarers through screen or display is not equivalent to the real world. In docking maneuvering, visual targets or obstructs are sighted close to ship's operator or within few hundred meters, so it might be possible to affect visual information such as the difference between both eyes' and single eye's visual sight. Because it is not possible to perceive of very slow ship's movement by visual in case of very large vessels, so the Doppler Docking SONAR and/or Docking Speed and Distance Measurement Equipment were developed and applied for safety docking maneuvering. By the way, the simulator training includes the ship's maneuvering training in docking, but in Ship-handling Simulator and also onboard, there are some limitations of perception of ship's movement with visual information. In this paper, perception of ship's movement with visual system in Ship-handling Simulator and competition of performances of visual systems that are conventional screen type with Fixed Eye-point system and Mission Simulator. We got some conclusions not only on the effectiveness for visual system but also on the human behavior in docking maneuver.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1994

The accurate error size and discrimination region in the perception of depth amount from 3-dimensional images by the human visual system will be the basic data for the utilization and application of the binocular 3- eimensional image system. This paper is focused on studying the accuracy of the depth amount perceived from 3- dimensional images by the human visual system. From the performed experiment, the following results have been obtained: (1) The depth amount perceived from the binocular 3- dimensional images has been displayed by a proper scale of distance, and found to be imprecise and also have a large variance. (2) In utilizing the binocular 3-dimensional image system, it seems more appropriate to make the images viewed outward rather than inward from the screen in the regard of error and variance. (3) The binocular 3-dimensional image system can be effectively applied to displaying unreal space, for example, the layout of room in design, from the viewpoint of perception characteristics of depth amount.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.19-31
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• 1994

The accurate error size and discrimination region in the perception of depth amount from 3- dimensional images by the human visual system will be the basic data for the utilization and application of the binocular 3 - Dimensional image system. This paper is focused on studying the accuracy of the depth amount perceived from 3-dimensional images by the human visual system. From the performed experiment, the following results have been obtained: (1) The depth amount perceived from the binocular 3-dimensional images has been displayed by a proper scale of distance, and found to be imprecise and also have a large variance. (2) In utilizing the binocular 3-dimensional image system, it seems more appropriate to make the images viewed outward rather than inward from the screen in the regard of error and variance. (3) The binocular 3- dimensional image system can be effectively applied to displaying unreal space, for example, the layout of room in design, from the viewpoint of perception characteristics of depth amount.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2013년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.8-11
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• 2013

We implement the foveation and frequency sensitivity feature of human visual system in discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain. Resolution of human visual perception decays as distance from the eye-focused point, known as foveation property, and the middle frequency components give most pleasant image quality to human than the low and high frequency components, which is the frequency sensitivity property of human visual system. For satisfying the foveation property, we enhanced the local contrast at the focused regions and smoothed local contrast at the non-focused regions in the DCT domain without bringing the blocking and ringing artifacts. Moreover, the energies at each DCT frequency components is modified with various degree to fulfill the frequency sensitivity property. The proposed method is verified by the subjective and objective evaluations that it can the improve the human perceptual visual quality.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2012

Since 1966 when James Turrell completed his studies on Art, he has been working on the consistent theme of Art. For the 46 years of time, site contexts, scales, methods of light have been changed and they made Turrell's unique 'project series'. Each series has different spatial, visual-perceptual forms and characteristics from other series. The differences were caused by the given situations, but also Turrell intentionally pursued it. However, there are essential theme of art that has not changed in most of Turrell's projects. Target of this paper is to study the unchanged theme as well as the differences. The study starts with three questions: first, what is the geometrical space composition?, second, what is the visual-perceptual phenomenon?, third, what is the hidden consistent theme? This research focuses on three case projects: Wedgework, Space Division Constructions, Skyspaces. These project series are in between the early small object-like installations and the late mega-scale outdoor projects. The study found that geometrical space composition has important role to give visual-perceptual dynamism to the viewer. The phenomenological perception is connected to the questions of relationship between human and space, ultimately human and the world. Although the Merleau-Ponty's philosophy has been related to the work of Turrell in various previous studies, Cartesian 3-dimensional geometry has also crucial role to experiment a viewer's perceptual boundaries. Image of infinity is another aspect of three cases, especially Space Division Constructions and Skyspaces. Through these structure, Turrell's work lead to an ultimate question of meaning for human existence in infinite space. It is hoped that this paper is helpful for Architecture and Interior design field in which light and space are essential.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 1993

In this paper, the effect of background grey levels on the visual perception of target image displayed on CRT monitor has been investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of CRT monitor as a display medium of image Information especially in medical imaging field. Tllree sets of experiments have been performed in this study : the first was to measure the luminance response of CRT monitor and to find the best fitting equation, and the second was the psychophysical experiment measuring the threshold grey level differences between the target image and the background required for visual discrimination (or various background grey levels, and the third was to develop a visual model that is predictable of the threshold grey level difference measured in the psychophysical experiment. The result of psycophysical experiment shows that the visual perception performance is significantly degraded in the range of grey levels lower than 50, which is turned out due to she low luminance change of CRT monitor in this range while human eye has been adapted lo relatively bright ambient illumination. And it Is also shown in the simulation study using the developed visual model that the dominant factor degrading the visual performance is the reflected light from the monitor surface by ambient light in general illumination condition.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2017년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.888-890
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• 2017

VR browser is one of the most popular applications for VR(Virtual Reality) environment. However, because most of the web contents are not designed considering the VR environment, scrolling the web pages in the VR browser causes much visual discomfort. We found it's because the angular velocity of the eye movement during scrolling increased because the viewing distance got closer compared with legacy devices. So we have developed a technology that regulates the scrolling to reduce the visual discomfort in the VR browser, in reference of the visual perception characteristics of the human visual system.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-93
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• 2011

Across the culture of Western Europe, dichotomy based on the visual sense has evolved. They believed eyes and ears requiring a distance related in recognition, are more developed than any other human senses in human body. Dominant position, as a condition to using a perspective, the eye has been just concentrated in the development of optical sight. But developed a variety of modern media, highlighting the importance of the other perception, it makes dichotomy to the expansion of perception over the single function of visuality. Recently, Guille Deleuze and Merleau-Ponty try to recover the sense of tactility segregated in skin from body keeping eyes for distance. By the result, the activity can be happened by being connected to the body rather than to eye in the space between the subject and object. From the phase of recognition where the human body tries to identify the object in the space considering a time, it will be changed for the subject to the phase of structure vice versa. Visual tactility is to eliminate the distance between subject and object. If the visual tactility is to erase the distance different from the visual in dichotomy, it will be occurred to having a tension and makes new relationship to work trying to move the subjective point of view in object. Like this evidence in analysis of architecture, it can be easy to find the Korean architecture rather than western architecture in terms of emphasizing the time and space. The fact, architecture of Lee Dynasty had been preserved and consisted basic form and style over the centuries makes us assume that visual tactility was considered as well as the visual sense. This study will be intensive in terms of visual and tactile inherent in the subject and how it is being connected to the movement in the space and time.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2009

In this paper, we explained the relation between evaluating display device and emotional image quality evaluation in human perceptual view. It is also suggested two emotional image quality evaluation method of display reflecting human visual function. One is the color space of CIECAM02 and the other is capturing moving image. It is necessary to standardize the evaluation methods of image quality based on emotional evaluation.