• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2017

본 연구는 고지방식이로 유도된 제2형 당뇨 동물모델에서 잠상산물의 항당뇨 및 지질개선 효과를 규명하기 위하여 C57BL/6N 마우스에 14주간 잠상산물 분말(ML, SK, MF, CT)을 급여한 후 제2형 당뇨의 임상적 지표 및 인슐린 신호 전달체계에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. HFD군보다 잠상산물을 급여한 군들의 체중증가량이 감소하는 경향이었으며, 혈장 포도당 및 인슐린 농도는 HFD군보다 ML분말을 급여한 군에서 특히 감소하였다. 혈장 T-C 농도는 HFD군에 비하여 ML과 SK 분말 급여 군에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 혈장 HDL-C 농도 및 HTR은 HFD군보다 ML군과 SK군에서 현저히 증가하였다. 간 조직 지질 농도는 HFD군보다 잠상산물을 급여한 네 군 모두에서 TG와 T-C 농도의 유의적인 감소가 나타났다. 이상의 결과 잠상산물 중 ML분말이 혈장 포도당, 인슐린, T-C 및 TG 농도를 가장 효과적으로 감소시켰으며, 혈장 HDL-C 농도 및 HTR은 증가시켰다. 또한, 내장지방 조직의 AKT, S6K, 그리고 AMPK의 활성도 증가시킨 것으로 보아 고지방식이에 의한 인슐린 저항성 및 지질 대사를 개선한 것으로 생각된다. 향후 ML의 인슐린 저항성 개선 효과에 대해 더 깊이 있는 기전연구가 수행된다면 제2형 당뇨환자를 위한 건강기능성 식품으로 개발될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.135.2-136
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• 2003

To characterize plasmids in Xanthomonu axonopodis pv. glycines, we isolated plasmids pAG1 from the strain AG1 and pXAG81 and PXAG82 from the strain Bra, respectively, and sequenced three plasmids. The size of plasmids, pAG1, pXAG81, and pXAG82 was 15,149-base pairs (bp), 26,727-bp, and 1,496-bp, respectively Fifteen and twenty six possible open reading frames (ORFs) were present in pAG1 and pXAG81, respectively. Only one ORF homologous to a rep gene of Xylella fastidiosa was present in pXAG82. pAG1 contained genes homologous to avrBs3, tnpA, tnpR, repA, htrA, three parA genes, M.XmaI, R.XmaI, and six hypothetical proteins. pXAG81 contained genes homologous to avrBs3, tnpA, tnpR, repA, htrA, two parA genes, pemI, pemK, mobA, mobB, mobC, mobD, mobE, trwB, traF, traH, ISxac2, and eleven hypothetical proteins. Based on DNA sequence analysis, we presume that pXAG81 is a conjugal plasmid. Interestingly, we found 0.5-kb truncated avirulence gene similar to aurXacE3 on the right border of avrBs3 homolgs of pAG1 and pXAG81. Two hundred twenty five isolates were analyzed to find aurBS3 or tra gene homologs by Southern hybridization. The numbers of avrBs3 homolog varied from 3 in AG1 to 8 in AG166. Two hundred seventeen isolates appeared to can conjugative plasmids (pXAG81 type), and thirty eight isolates appeared to carry non-conjugative plamids (pAGl type). This indicated that aurBs3 gene homologs might be spread by conjugation in X. axonopodis pv. glycines.

• 에너지공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.232-240
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• 2005

경수 및 중수로 원자로계통에 대한 열수력 안전해석을 위해 개발된 MARS 코드가 고온가스로에 적용될 수 있을지 화인하기 위하여 IAEA TECDOC-1163에서 제시된 고온가스로 원자로공동냉각계통에 대한 Benchmark problem을 평가계산 하였다. HTR-10과 HTTR의 MARS 코드 계산결과는 기 보고된 THERMIX 코드와 THANPACST2 코드의 계산결과 그리고 가용한 실험결과와 비교한 바, 최대 오차범위 $4.5\%$ 정도로 전반적으로 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 오차의 주요 원인은 복잡한 기하학적 구조를 단순하게 모델링한 부분과 MARS 코드에서 모사하기 어려운 냉각기 , 공기냉각기와 같은 고온가스로. Component에서 발생하였다. 경수형 원자로에서는 중요하게 고려하지 않았던 복사열전달이 고온가스로 원자로공동에서는 붕괴열 제거에 중요한 역할을 수행하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 종합하여 볼 때 MARS 코드는 고온가스로 원자로공동냉각계통의 냉각능력을 잘 모사하고 있으며 향후 수소생산용 고온가스로 개발에 있어서 안전해석 코드로서의 역할을 충분히 수행할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 제4회 추계심포지움
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• pp.65-73
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• 1996

LPS/LOS, the compound found only in gram-negative bacterial outer membrane, plays important roles in bacterial maintenance as well as its pathogenesis. We isolated and characterized several genes required for NTHi 2019 LOS biosynthesis, which encode enzymes required for sugar substrate synthesis or the transfer of substrates to receptor molecules. The htrB gene, however, appears to have more complex role. It has acryltransferase activity as well as various other activity, which may control regulation of LOS biosynthesis as well as its pathogenicity. Evidences supporting the latter come from the observations that the lipid A of the B29 induced significantly less TNF ${\alpha}$ from macrophages than that of the wild type LOS (unpublished data). H. influenzae A2-htrB mutant strain was also significantly less invasive than the wild type strain. The structural similarities of the enterobacterial LPS and the Haemophilus LOS enabled us to isolate the NTHi 2019 genes involved in LOS biosynthesis genes by using the S. typhimurium LPS deep core mutants. While a similar approach has been used for E. coli, this technique for selection of an LPS phenotype has not been applied to nonenterobacterial species. The difficulties inherent in the molecular manipulation of organism such as Neisseria and Haemophilus species make this approach particularly attractive in the identification and cloning LOS genes. Studies on genetic features of LPS/LOS biosynthesis would be useful for understanding bacterial pathogenesis as well as for developing vaccines for these gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Objectives: This research was performed to investigate the effect of invasive low level laser acupuncture therapy(LLLAT) at Yolgyol(LU7), Yogu(LR5) and Yolgyol+Yogu(LU7+LR5) on weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, lipid metabolism, atherogenic index, HTR(HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio) and liver function in hyperlipidemia rats. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into high fat diet group(Control group), high fat diet and LLLAT at LU7(LU7 group), high fat diet and LLLAT at LR5(LR5 group), LLLAT at LU7 and LR5(LU7+LR5 group). Animals was treated by the LLLAT at 30mW-5min once a 2day during 5 weeks. Results: Body weight was decreased significantly in LU7+LR5 group when compared with control group. Food intake was increased significantly in LU7, LR5, LU7+LR5 group when compared with control group. Food efficiency was decreased significantly in LU7, LR5, LU7+LR5 group when compared with control group. In the lipid metabolism, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol was decreased significantly in LU7+LR5 group, LDL-cholesterol and phospholipids were decreased significantly in LR5, LU7+LR5 group, triglyceride and fee fatty acid were decreased significantly in LU7 group when compared with control group. Atherogenic index was decreased significantly in LU7, LR5, LU7+LR5 group when compared with control group. HTR was increased significantly in LU7 group when compared with conool group. In the liver function, the significance was not showed in AST and ALT, ALP was decreased significantly in LU7+LR5 group when compared with control group. Conclusions: LLLAT at LU7 and LR5 maybe can manage hyperlipidemia by controlling body weight, food intake, food efficiency ratio and lipid metabolism.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2008

우울 장애는 유전적 요인과 함께 환경적 요인이 복합적으로 작용하는 정신 장애이다. 본 연구에서는 세로토닌 체계와 연관된 유전적 요인과 생활사건과 같은 환경적 요인이 초기 성인기 우울 장애 발현에 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 우울 장애의 원인론에 있어 유전자${\times}$환경 상호작용을 설명할 수 있는 자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 534명의 대학 신입생을 종적으로 추적 조사하여 생활사건 빈도와 중요도, 우울 척도와 불안 척도를 조사하였으며 전화 면담을 통해 DSM-IV 우울 장애 여부를 확인하였다. 최종적으로 150명이 연구에 포함되었으며 이전 연구로 확인된 TPH1 유전형과 함께 보관되어 있던 대상군의 DNA를 이용하여 SNaPshot$^{TM}$ 방식으로 TPH2, 5HTR2A 유전자를 추가 분석하였다. 유전자 정보와 생활사건 특성이 우울 증상에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀 분석과 상관 분석, 카이 자승 분석을 사용하였다. TPH1 유전형 중 C 대립 유전자가 존재하지 않는 집단과 달리 C 대립 유전자가 존재하는 집단에서는 생활사건 빈도가 우울 장애 유발에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 영향은 다른 대립 유전자나 유전형을 보이는 집단에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 TPH1 유전형은 생활사건 이후 우울 장애 발생의 유의미한 예측 요인임을 시사한다. 이는 우울 장애의 유전${\times}$환경 상호작용에 TPH1 유전자가 작용하고 있음을 제시한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.893-899
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• 2009

Few studies have reported the existence of imprinted genes in cattle compared to the human and mouse. Genomic imprinting is expressed in monoallelic form and it depends on a single parent-specific form of the allele. Comparative analysis of mammals other than the human is a valuable tool for explaining the genomic basis of imprinted genes. In this study, we investigated 34 common imprinted genes in the human and mouse as well as 35 known non-imprinted genes in the human. We found short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), and long terminal repeats (LTRs) in imprinted (human and mouse) and control (cattle) genes. Pair-wise comparisons for the three species were conducted using SINEs, LINEs, and LTRs. We also calculated 95% confidence intervals of frequencies of repetitive sequences for the three species. As a result, most genes had a similar interval between species. We found 11 genes with conserved SINEs, LINEs, and LTRs in the human, mouse, and cattle. In conclusion, eleven genes (CALCR, Grb10, HTR2A, KCNK9, Kcnq1, MEST, OSBPL5, PPP1R9A, Sgce, SLC22A18, and UBE3A) were identified as candidate imprinted genes in cattle.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.933-940
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• 2024

A macroscopic cross section generation model was developed for the conceptual horizontal, compact high temperature gas reactor (HC-HTGR). Because there are many sources of spectral effects in the design and analysis of the core, conventional LWR methods have limitations for accurate simulation of the HC-HTGR using a neutron diffusion core neutronics simulator. Several super-cell model configurations were investigated to consider the spectral effect of neighboring cells. A new history variable was introduced for the existing library format to more accurately account for the history effect from neighboring nodes and reactivity control drums. The macroscopic cross section library was validated through comparison with cross sections generated using full core Monte Carlo models and single cell cross section for both 3D core steady-state problems and 2D and 3D depletion problems. Core calculations were then performed with the AGREE HTR neutronics and thermal-fluid core simulator using super-cell cross sections. With the new history variable, the super-cell cross sections were in good agreement with the full core cross sections even for problems with significant spectrum change during fuel shuffling and depletion.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2013

Trophoblasts, in the placenta, play a role for placental development as well as implantation in the early pregnancy. The characteristics and functions of trophoblast are identified by their localization and potency for proliferation, differentiation, and invasion. Thus, inadequate trophoblast cell death induces trophoblast dysfunction resulting in abnormal placental development and several gynecological diseases. Recently, it was reported that increased immortalization-upregulated protein-2 (IMUP-2) by hypoxia influences trophoblast apoptosis. However, IMUP-2 function on autophagy, which is type II programmed cell death remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed IMUP-2 expression in trophoblast cells (HTR8-SVneo) and compared IMUP-2 effects on cell death including apoptosis and autophagy in trophoblast regardless of IMUP-2 expression. Increased IMUP-2 in trophoblast by IMUP-2 gene transfection induces cell death, especially, apoptosis increases more than autophagy (p<0.05). However, the decreased IMUP-2 in trophoblasts after siRNA treatment decreased apoptosis with the decreased activities of caspase 3 and 7. The expressions of LC3 and MDC as an autophagosome makers and phosphorylated mTOR, which is a negative regulator for autophagy, increased. In addition, the S phase of cell cycle increased in trophoblasts when IMUP-2 expression decreased. Taken together, the alteration of IMUP-2 can control the balance between apoptosis and autophagy of trophoblasts resulting in functional involvement in placental development and in gynecological diseases by regulating the function of trophoblasts.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2013

Large quantities of irradiated graphite waste from graphite-moderated nuclear reactors exist and are expected to increase in the case of High Temperature Reactor (HTR) deployment [1,2]. This situation indicates the need for a graphite waste management strategy. Of greatest concern for long-term disposal of irradiated graphite is carbon-14 ($^{14}C$), with a half-life of 5730 years. Fachinger et al. [2] have demonstrated that thermal treatment of irradiated graphite removes a significant fraction of the $^{14}C$, which tends to be concentrated on the graphite surface. During thermal treatment, graphite surface carbon atoms interact with naturally adsorbed oxygen complexes to create $CO_x$ gases, i.e. "gasify" graphite. The effectiveness of this process is highly dependent on the availability of adsorbed oxygen compounds. The quantity and form of adsorbed oxygen complexes in pre- and post-irradiated graphite were studied using Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and Xray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) in an effort to better understand the gasification process and to apply that understanding to process optimization. Adsorbed oxygen fragments were detected on both irradiated and unirradiated graphite; however, carbon-oxygen bonds were identified only on the irradiated material. This difference is likely due to a large number of carbon active sites associated with the higher lattice disorder resulting from irradiation. Results of XPS analysis also indicated the potential bonding structures of the oxygen fragments removed during surface impingement. Ester- and carboxyl-like structures were predominant among the identified oxygen-containing fragments. The indicated structures are consistent with those characterized by Fanning and Vannice [3] and later incorporated into an oxidation kinetics model by El-Genk and Tournier [4]. Based on the predicted desorption mechanisms of carbon oxides from the identified compounds, it is expected that a majority of the graphite should gasify as carbon monoxide (CO) rather than carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). Therefore, to optimize the efficiency of thermal treatment the graphite should be heated to temperatures above the surface decomposition temperature increasing the evolution of CO [4].