• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.377-386
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• 2014

본 연구는 근린상가 시장에 대한 대체투자재의 영향을 분석하여 근린상가의 투자시장과 관련된 이해당사자 들에게 합리적 의사결정의 기준을 제시하였으며, 근린상가 낙찰가율에 대한 영향의 형태와 설명력을 추정한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 부동산 경기를 포함한 대표적인 거시경제지표인 종합주가지수와 지가변동률의 상승은 경기활성화의 방증으로 근린상가 시장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치나 대체투자재인 이자율의 상승은 근린상가에 대한 상대적 수익률을 감소시켜 근린상가시장의 투자에 대한 매력을 감소시킨다. 소비재 특성을 지닌 주택과 자본재 특성을 지닌 근린상가는 상호 영향적 측면에서 이질적인 시장으로 나타나 큰 영향을 미치지 않음을 알 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1318-1328
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• 2011

The tropics is not an ideal location for calf rearing as the high temperatures and humidities introduce many potential disease problems to milk fed calves. In addition, the type of dairy farming (generally poorly resourced small holder farming) and the general lack of awareness of the long term implications of poorly reared stock do not encourage farmers to pay close attention to their calf and heifer rearing systems. Surveys of calf rearing systems in Asia, tropical Africa and South America highlight the high calf and heifer mortalities. A range of 15 to 25% pre-weaning calf mortality is typical on many tropical dairy farms. It is often as high as 50%, indicating very poor calf management. This contrasts with US findings of less than 8% mortality from birth to 6 months while surveys of Australian farmers report only 3% losses. Simple extension programs on farms in Sri Lanka and Kenya have drastically reduced calf mortalities and improved pre-weaning growth rates. Improved management strategies leading to lower calving intervals, higher calving rates, reduced still born and pre-weaned calf mortalities and fewer non pregnant heifers can supply many more dairy herd replacements than currently occurs. Such strategies can increase the number of replacement heifer calves in the herd from 15 to over 35%, thus allowing farmers to increase their herd sizes through natural increases. Simple management procedures such as ensuring adequate intake of good quality colostrum within the first 12 hours of life, housing and good hygiene to minimise disease transfer, providing clean drinking water, developing appropriate feeding protocols to encourage early rumen development and paying closer attention to climate control and animal health can all lead to improved calf vigour and performance. Good record keeping is also important so farmers can more easily identify susceptible calves and quickly treat potential problems.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.19-26
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• 2002

건축생산이라는 [사회적시스템]이 위치하고 있는 환경이 급변하고 있다. 소요건축물의 양적충만이 근 미래의 일이 되고, 목적의 다양화와 복잡화로 고려요소도 다기화 되고있다. 그에 수반하여 생산과정의 투명화 등이 요구되어 지금까지의 건축생산과는 기본적, 근본적으로 다른 접근이 요구된다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 환경변화를 능동적으로 소화하기 위하여, 건축생산 시스템의 본질을 재정의하고, 질적발전으로 재도약을 꾀하는 것이 본 연구의 취지이다. 즉, 건축생산에 참가하는 모든 주체의 자유로운 창조력을 중시하고 권한과 책임을 공평히 하며, 개방시스템의 장점인 경쟁성을 살려 유기적으로 통합하기 위하여, 시스템구성요소 인 프로젝트 프로세스, 관계주체, 조직화과정 등의 부분시스템과, 이러한 부분시스템이 특정문맥으로 조합된 생산시스템의 다양한 전형에 대하여 고찰했다. 이것은 다양한 요구에 대응하는 방법은 다양한 수단을 마련하는 것이라고 생각했기 때문이며, 프로젝트의 내외환경과 발주자의 의지에 따라 적절하게 전형을 선택하고, 생산시스템의 구체적 디자인을 문맥에 맞게 실행하기 위해서는 본 연구와 같은 원론적 고찰이 우선 필요하다고 생각했기 때문이다. 최근 주목을 받고 있는 매니지먼트 현재형 생산시스템이 존재의미도 본 고에서 논하는 PMP에 대한 이해 없이는 구조적으로 이해하기 어렵다.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2011

Although information communication technology (ICT) is long regard as very useful tool in today's construction engineering and project management environment, organizations must not only operate based upon its original setting, but also requires on-going observation, additional features and fine-tuning actions before the desirable outcome can be achieved. However, it is a very common phenomenon that organizations purchase the licensed "off-the-shelf-software" package and customize it to suit their own business need. Due to the incapability of such software and inefficient customization, the possible result is making that ICT tool not user-friendly and sometimes the whole system becomes obsolete. The purpose of this paper is to review and report those actions taken (between February 2006 and December 2010) by a construction organization to enhance the performance of its Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system launched in December 2002. Such actions include: improving data inputting method; removing the transition bottleneck; introducing crystallization function; revising the organization's "Delegation and Limits of Authority"; publishing the "League Table" amongst users; integrating the 3D Mode into the system and upgrading hardware. Whilst the ultimate goals of such system are well beyond the time limit of this research study, an obvious interim result, achieved by this case studied organization, was winning a landmark project worth US$500 million after the ERP system was functioned properly and effectively. Their experience and success becomes an exemplar which can be borrowed by those companies, from managerial perspectives and as a roadmap, planning to adopt information technology (IT) strategy and use ICT tool in the construction engineering and project management framework. Singapore, where public housing provisions have been a major concern of their citizens as the building stock gets older.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.355-363
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• 2007

The Korean traditional 'Ondol' system has been a target for innovation to meet the requirements of sustainable domestic building and low carbon emission energy utilization. Simulation techniques provide designers and researchers with powerful tools to predict heating load and thermal behaviour of Ondol systems installed in various contexts. However, there are few studies on Ondol models, especially associated with multi-stories buildings of which type covers about 50% of Korean housing stock. In this study, we analyzed the double floor Ondol system on the multi-stories buildings using the ESP-r program. On the basis of the double floor Ondol system, we suggested the new modelling method that is composed of the Vent zone and Ondol zone. Using the this model, sensitivity analysis was carried out to refine the applicability of the model taking account of control conditions, constructions, air change and air flow network method and CFD analysis using the FLUENT. The air layer has enough temperature to use in heating zone. It is suggested that the simplicity of the model will allow building designers and mechanical engineers easily to implement scenario-based assessments of design options as well as control strategies. Later, we will simulate the real buildings and analyze the air distributions using the Fluent according to the various conditions.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

The RC private constructions represent a large part of the housing stock in the north part of Algeria. For various reasons, they are mostly built without any seismic considerations and their seismic vulnerability remains unknown for different levels of seismic intensity possible in the region. To support future seismic risk mitigation efforts in northern Algeria, this document assesses the seismic vulnerability of typical private RC constructions built after the Boumerdes earthquake (May 21, 2003) without considering existing seismic regulation, through the development of analytical fragility curves. The fragility curves are developed for four representative RC frames in terms of slight, moderate, extensive, and complete damage states suggested in HAZUS-MH 2.1, using nonlinear time history analyses. The numerical simulation of the nonlinear seismic response of the structures is performed using the SeismoStruct software. An original intensity measure (IM) is proposed and used in this study. It is the zone acceleration coefficient "A", through which the seismic hazard level is represented in the Algerian Seismic Regulations. The efficiency, practicality, and proficiency of the choice of IM are demonstrated. Incremental dynamic analyses are conducted under fifteen ground motion accelerograms compatible with the elastic target spectrum of the Algerian Seismic Regulations. In order to cover all the seismic zones of northern Algeria, the accelerograms are scaled from 0.1 to 2.5 in increments of 0.1. The results mainly indicate that private constructions built after the Boumerdes earthquake in the moderate and high seismic zones with four (04) or more storeys are highly vulnerable.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.153-202
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• 2014

Aside from political leaders' popularity rates and the stock exchange index of business firms, ordinary people are highly interested in aspects of daily life, such as housing, income, health, family, food, human relations and work. Cross-national opinion polls on daily-life satisfaction were carried out in Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Hong Kong, Macao, the Philippines, India, Myanmar, Taiwan, China, Malaysia and Pakistan in the fall of 2013 and winter 2014. The percent difference index (PDI) is formulated as the sum of two positive responses (satisfied and somewhat satisfied) minus the sum of two negative responses (dissatisfied and somewhat dissatisfied). Percent difference indices are given according to society and daily-life aspects. For our analysis to go beneath national average and to go beyond national borders, two lines of analysis are carried out. First, the distance between the level of satisfaction of the top and bottom quartiles is given for each society and according to each of the daily-life aspects. Second, the regional sum of satisfaction of the top quartiles and bottom quartiles are shown crossed by daily-life aspects. In this article we confine ourselves to preliminary comparative description and analysis. More solid and deep comparisons will be carried out by local polling leaders of 12 Asian societies in the succeeding issue of the Asian Journal of Public Opinion Research. Nevertheless, two key threads stand out from this preliminary comparisons. First, social relations (family and human relations) stand out as most satisfied aspects of life in most of twelve societies. Second, the need to go beneath national averages and beyond national borders in analyzing cross-national surveys is confirmed. The comparability and validity of cross-national surveys with varying sampling method and survey mode are briefly discussed toward the end of the article.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.35-73
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• 2010

본고는 자산가격의 변동에 따른 민간소비의 동태적 반응을 분석한다. 오차수정모형에 기초한 분석 결과, 민간소비는 자산가격의 변화에 영향을 받지만 2년 정도의 기간이 경과할 경우 총소득에 상응하는 장기균형수준으로 수렴할 가능성이 높게 나타난다. 이러한 민간소비의 조정은 일시적인 소비불균형을 의미하는 공적분오차가 장기소비증가율에 대해 예측력을 가짐을 시사하는데, 최대 3년 정도의 장기소비증가율에 대해 예측력이 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 한편, 민간소비에 대한 영향은 주식가격보다는 주택가격이 상대적으로 더 크고 유의하게 관찰된다. 또한 경기순환을 고려할 경우 소득 및 자산가격의 변화에 대한 민간소비의 단기적인 반응은 경기수축기가 경기확장기보다 크게 추정되었다. 본고에서는 민간소비에 대한 자산가격의 영향과 더불어 수량요인까지 함께 고려한 자산의 변화가 민간소비에 미치는 영향도 구분하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 자산의 경우는 장기에서도 총소득과 함께 민간소비에 대해 유의한 설명력을 보인다. 한편, 전체 부를 인적요소인 노동소득과 자산으로 구분하여 자산의 변화에 따른 민간소비의 변화를 추정하였는데, 자산에 대한 소비의 장기탄력성은 노동소득을 고려한 경우가 총소득을 통제한 경우에 비해 높게 나왔다. 노동소득을 고려한 경우 자산에 대한 한계소비성향은 2% 정도로 추정된다. 이는 1,000원의 자산증가에 대해 20원 정도의 소비증대 효과가 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1615-1634
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• 2004

A review was undertaken to obtain information on the sustainability of pig free-range production systems including the management, performance and health of pigs in the system. Modern outdoor rearing systems requires simple portable and flexible housing with low cost fencing. Local pig breeds and outdoor-adapted breeds for certain environment are generally more suitable for free-range systems. Free-range farms should be located in a low rainfall area and paddocks should be relatively flat, with light topsoil overlying free-draining subsoil with the absence of sharp stones that can cause foot damage. Huts or shelters are crucial for protecting pigs from direct sun burn and heat stress, especially when shade from trees and other facilities is not available. Pigs commonly graze on strip pastures and are rotated between paddocks. The zones of thermal comfort for the sow and piglet differ markedly; between 12-22$^{\circ}C$ for the sow and 30-37$^{\circ}C$ for piglets. Offering wallows for free-range pigs meets their behavioural requirements, and also overcomes the effects of high ambient temperatures on feed intake. Pigs can increase their evaporative heat loss via an increase in the proportion of wet skin by using a wallow, or through water drips and spray. Mud from wallows can also coat the skin of pigs, preventing sunburn. Under grazing conditions, it is difficult to control the fibre intake of pigs although a high energy, low fibre diet can be used. In some countries outdoor sows are fitted with nose rings to prevent them from uprooting the grass. This reduces nutrient leaching of the land due to less rooting. In general, free-range pigs have a higher mortality compared to intensively housed pigs. Many factors can contribute to the death of the piglet including crushing, disease, heat stress and poor nutrition. With successful management, free-range pigs can have similar production to door pigs, although the growth rate of the litters is affected by season. Piglets grow quicker indoors during the cold season compared to outdoor systems. Pigs reared outdoors show calmer behaviour. Aggressive interactions during feeding are lower compared to indoor pigs while outdoor sows are more active than indoor sows. Outdoor pigs have a higher parasite burden, which increases the nutrient requirement for maintenance and reduces their feed utilization efficiency. Parasite infections in free-range pigs also risks the image of free-range pork as a clean and safe product. Diseases can be controlled to a certain degree by grazing management. Frequent rotation is required although most farmers are keeping their pigs for a longer period before rotating. The concept of using pasture species to minimise nematode infections in grazing pigs looks promising. Plants that can be grown locally and used as part of the normal feeding regime are most likely to be acceptable to farmers, particularly organic farmers. However, one of the key concerns from the public for free-range pig production system is the impact on the environment. In the past, the pigs were held in the same paddock at a high stocking rate, which resulted in damage to the vegetation, nutrient loading in the soil, nitrate leaching and gas emission. To avoid this, outdoor pigs should be integrated in the cropping pasture system, the stock should be mobile and stocking rate related to the amount of feed given to the animals.