• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1994

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.81-82
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• 1957

With the purpose of applying the results outlined in Report(1) to household briquetts, combustion ratio, i, c, combustion hours has been determined. The results of combstion velocity are directly proportional to rate of mixture of anthracite, and inversely proportional to graphitc.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.404-406
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• 1998

가스 크로마토그래피(GC)와 가스 크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용하여 imidazoline계 양이온 계면활성제 분석을 수행하였다. 염기 가수분해와 산 가수분해 후 GC로 imidazoline ring의 original fatty acid의 alkyl chain 분포를 조사하였다. 역상 C18 분리관을 사용하고 0.1M $NaClO_4$가 함유된 methanol과 acetonitrile의 50:50(v/v)액을 용리액으로 할 때 imidazoline의 homologous한 total alkyl chain 분포가 HPLC에서 훌륭하게 분리되었으며, GC 결과와 좋은 일치를 보여주었다. 본 연구의 분석법으로, imidazoline계 양이온 계면활성제의 소수성 alkyl chain 분석 및 평균 분자량 결정이 가능하였으며, 전처리 필요없이 HPLC법을 이용한 imidazoline 의 검출한계는 10ng이었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.315-319
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• 1997

본 연구는 역상 액체 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 비이온 계면활성제의 propylene oxide 분포 및 고급 지방 알콜의 최적 분석 조건을 조사하였다. Propylene oxide 분포 및 지방 알콜의 탄소 길이를 분석하기 위해 UV 검출기를 사용할 수 있도록 유도체화 시켰으며 최적 분리 조건을 얻기 위해 분리관의 영향과 이동상의 조성 등을 실험하였다. 분리관은 Waters Symmetry $C_8(3.9{\times}150mm)$을 사용하였고 이동상은 methanol과 물을 이용한 기울기 용리에 의한 분석이 최적 조건이었다. 그리고 이들의 용리 거동은 log k'와 물의 부피 분율을 도시한 결과 좋은 직선성을 얻었고 고급 알콜의 정량성을 알아보기 위하여 검량선을 도시한 결과 직선성이 좋은 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.182-192
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• 1996

In this study, the relationship between wax matrix in lipstick and sweating was investigated by observing the change of size and shape of wax matrix with sweating by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). For observation by SEM, a lipstick sample was frozen in liquid nitrogen, then the oil in the lipstick was extracted out in cold isopropanol($-70^{\circ}C$) for 1-3days. After isopropanol was evaporated, the sample was sputtered with gold, and examined by SEM. When examined the sweated sample by SEM, the change of wax matrix underneath the surface from fine, uniform structure to coarse, nonuniform structure was observed, which was resulted from the caking of surrounding wax matrix. That is, the oil underneath the surface was migrated to the surface of lipstick with sweating, consequently the wax matrix at that region was rearranged into the coarse matrix. In case of flamed lipstick, sweating was delayed and the wax matrix was much coarser than that of unflamed one. Its larger wax matrix at surface region was good for including oil. The effect of molding temperature on sweating was also studied. As the molding temperature was increased, sweating was greatly reduced and the size of wax matrix was increased. It was also found that sweating was influenced with the compatinility of wax and oil. A formula consisting of wax and oil which have good compatibility has a tendency of reduced sweating and increased size of wax matrix. When pigment was added to wax and oil. It was also found that sweating was influenced with the passage of time by observing a thick membrane of wax on surface of lipstick after a month from molding. In case of some lipsticks, the size of wax matrix was altered to bigger or smaller. In conclusion, the structure of wax matrix at the surface region of lipstick was changed with the process of foaming, molding temperature, compatibility of wax and oil, addition of pigment, and the passage of time. In most cases, as the size of wax matrix was increased, sweating was reduced and delayed.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-38
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• 2022

Many commonly used household chemicals and medical eye drops look alike, resulting in a worldwide increase in incidences of accidents caused by confusion between similar-looking agents. In this case report, we present two patients who visited the emergency department following inadvertent instillation of tinea pedis treatment solution instead of eye drops. Both patients developed corneal chemical burns following the accidental application. Notably, the visual acuity and symptoms eventually recovered for both patients after hospitalization. However, complete recovery occurred only after several weeks. Both patients were relatively old and had been prescribed eye drops after previous ophthalmic surgery. Since the eye is a sensory organ that receives visual information, ocular injuries significantly affect the quality of life and social functioning of the patient. Incidences of accidental misidentification of eye drops are steadily increasing in South Korea; unfortunately, regulatory policies are unavailable to avoid such hazards. Therefore, physicians should be mindful of the potential risks associated with misidentification of everyday household products and must spend time educating patients when prescribing eye drops. Policy regulations are warranted for products with containers that resemble eye drop bottles. Such items need to be clearly labeled with additional warnings to prevent misidentification and accidental ocular instillation.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.203-210
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• 2007

Since the emissions composition from the household products have potentially been associated with health risks for building occupants, the chemical composition emitted from the products should be surveyed. The current study identified the emission composition for 42 liquid household products, using a purge-and-trap method. This evaluation was done by classifying the household products into five product classes (deodorizers, household cleaners, color removers, pesticides, and polishes). Nineteen compounds were chosen on the basis of selection criteria. The quality control program for purge-and-trap and analytical systems included tests of laboratory blank Tenax traps and blank water samples, and the determination of calibration equation, measurement precision, method detection limit (MDL), and recovery. The number of chemicals varied according to the product categories, ranging from 4 for the product category of bleaches to 12 for the product categories of air fresheners and nail color removers. For all product categories, the emission composition and concentrations varied broadly according to product. It is noteworthy that most household products emit limonene: 19 of 25 cleaning products; 5 of 6 deodorizers; 1 of 3 pesticides; 3 of 3 color removers; and 4 of 5 polishes. It was suggested that the use of household products sold in Korea could elevate the formation of secondary toxic pollutants in indoor environments, by the reaction of limonene with ozone, which entered indoor environments or might be generated by indoor sources such as electronic air cleaning devices and copying machines.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.205-209
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• 2003

Solubilization of domestic household waste through Steam explosion with Subsequent ethanol production by the microbial saccharifitation and fermentation of the exploded product was studied. The effects of steam explosion on the changes of the density, viscosity, pH, and amounts of extractive components in artificial household waste were determined. The composition of artificial waste used was similar to leftover waste discharged from a typical home in Japan. Consecutive microbial saccharification and fermentation, and simultaneous microbial saccharification and fermentation of the Steam-exploded product were attempted using Aspergillus awamori, Trichoderma viride, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; the ethanol yields of each process were compared. The highest ethanol yield was obtained with simultaneous microbial saccharification and fermentation of exploded product at a steam pressure of 2 MPa and a steaming time of 3 min.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.660-671
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• 2003

A chemical investigation of Peucedanum praeruptorum has resulted in the isolation of 3 khellactone derivatives, which have inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cell lines. The khellactone derivatives were isolated from the crude extract of the roots of Pecedanum praeruptorum by a combination of adsorption chromatography and HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were identified as 3', 4'-diangeloyl-cis-khellactone, 3'-angeloyl-4'-senecioyl-cis-khellactone and, 3', 4'-disenecioyl-cis-khellactone by $^1$H NMR, $^{13}$ C NMR and mass spectral studies and by comparisons of spectral data with reported literatures. These khellactone derivatives can be a good candidate for new skin whitening agent due to its strong inhibitory activity and safety.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.395-398
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• 2002

A chemical investigation of Peucedanum praeruptorum has resulted in the isolation of 3 khellactone derivatives, which have inhibitory effects on melanogenesis in Bl6 mouse melanoma cell lines. The khellactone derivatives were isolated from the crude extract of the roots of Pecedanum praeruptorum by a combination of adsorption chromatography and HPLC. The structlues of isolated compounds were identified as 3',4'- diangeloyl-cis-khellactone, 3'-angeloyl- 4'- senecioyl-cis-khel- lactone and,3', 4'-disenecioyl-cis-khellactone by $^1H\;NMR$, $^{13}C\;NMR$ and mass spectral studies and by comparisons of spectral data with reported literatures.