• 분석과학
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 전기전자제품에 브롬화난연제로 널리 사용되고 있는 폴리브롬화디페닐에테르가 우리의 생활에서 어떻게 배출되는지 파악하고자 가정에서 발생되는 먼지 시료를 2011년 1월부터 12월까지 채취 분석하여 이성체 함량특성을 조사하였다. 아파트와 실험실에서 채취한 실내 먼지 중 총 22종의 PBDEs (47, 49, 66, 71, 77, 85, 99, 100, 119, 126, 138, 153, 154, 156, 183, 184, 191, 196, 197, 206, 207, 209)를 분석하여 정량한 결과, 아파트 실내 먼지에서 검출된 PBDEs 농도는 35.22~575.88 ng/g으로 나타났으며, 실험실에서 겨울에 채취된 먼지 중에서는 PBDEs가 524.44 ng/g 검출되었다. 분석시료 중 1ng/g 이상 검출된 이성체는 BDE-47, 153, 183, 196, 197, 206, 207, 209 등 8종으로 조사되었으며, 모든 시료에서는 BDE-206, 207, 209 3종의 이성체가 검출되었다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.532-541
• /
• 2022

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 대기의 미세먼지로 인해 공기의 질을 개선하고자 공기청정기를 사용함으로써, 발생하는 가정용 전력소비량을 확인해 기존의 전력 수요예측 방식에 미세먼지에 따른 전력수요를 포함하여 예측할 것을 제안하고자 한다. 연구방법: 연구의 방법은 서울지역의 3년간 미세먼지의 농도, 가정용 전력소비량, 기후관측 데이터를 활용하여 비교분석하였고, 4월과 10월을 대상으로 미세먼지가 서울지역 전력소비량에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 연구결과: 연구의 결과는 4월과 10월의 미세먼지 차이에 의한 서울지역 가정용 공기청정기 전력소비량이 2,141MWh로 산정되어, 4월과 10월의 가전기기 사용의 전체 차이의 3.4%에 해당한다. 결론: 미세먼지가 가정용 전력소비량에 미치는 영향을 확인하였으며, 전력 수요예측은 경제적인 계통 운영과 안정적인 전력 수급에 필수적이므로, 기존의 냉·난방기의 전력 소비에 중점을 두어 예측하는 것뿐만 아니라, 미세먼지로 인한 전력 소비도 고려해야 한다.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure levels in workers who collect and dispose used coal briquette ash (CBA) in sanitation companies that are subcontracted by one medium-sized local government on the collection of municipal household waste (MHW), and to analyze the quartz content in CBA. When the CBA powder that undergone specialized pretreatment in several steps were subjected to mineral identification and quantitative analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD), it was found that quartz represented 18%, and in addition, mullite, and plagioclase were included. For two CBA collectors, samples were collected by the personal sampling evaluation method. After respirable dust was collected in accordance with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health 7500 method, the concentration of quartz was analyzed using XRD. Meanwhile, a portable real-time dust monitor (Sidepak AM520, TSI Inc., USA) was also used to observe the dust exposure level for each time zone and job task. The RCS exposure level of one worker was as high as 0.024 mg/㎥, which was the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Values (TLV) level. The other worker also exhibited a concentration of 0.013 mg/㎥, which was more than half of TLV. The Sidepak results revealed that the work of collecting CBA and loading it onto a vehicle was hardly exposed to the dust of a significant level. It was found, however, that the work of transferring the collected CBA to a container through a conveyor belt was exposed to a very high average respirable dust concentration of 2.238 mg/㎥. The results of this study confirmed that quartz, which is crystalline silica and a carcinogen, is contained in CBA, one of municipal household waste (MHW), in high concentration. It was also confirmed that workers are exposed to high RCS concentrations while transferring collected CBA into a container. Although each local government in South Korea handles CBA in different ways, it is imperative to investigate the CBA exposure level of sanitation workers and improve their working conditions.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2010

일반주택의 먼지오염실태를 연구하기 위하여 2009년 1월부터 2월까지 대구지역내의 도시지역(24곳) 및 농촌지역(24곳)의 일반주택 48가구를 대상으로 진공청소기에 포집된 먼지를 수거한 뒤 100 ${\mu}m$ 이하로 체거름하고 산추출한 후에 발암물질로 알려진 Cd과 Ni을 포함한 모두 14개 원소(Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, V, Zn)를 ICP로 분석하였다. 농축계수를 이용한 발생원을 평가한 결과, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, V 성분은 암석풍화, 토양의 재비산 등과 관련된 자연적인 발생원의 영향을 받았고, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn 성분은 연료의 연소, 폐기물소각 등과 관련된 인위적인 발생원의 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 추정되었다. 미량원소성분의 농도는 자연적인 발생원성분에서 유래되는 성분이 높았고, 인위적인 발생원에서 유래되는 성분이 낮았다. 인위적인 발생원의 기여도는 도시지역(2.5%)의 먼지가 농촌지역(2.0%)의 먼지에 비해 높았다. 오염지수를 이용한 중금속성분의 오염도를 평가한 결과, 도시지역이 농촌지역에 비해 1.8배정도 높게 오염된 것으로 추정되었다. 지역별 미량원소성분간의 상관성을 분석한 결과, 농촌지역과 도시지역이 공통적으로 자연적-자연적 발생원 성분간(Al-Mg, Al-Mn, Fe-Mn), 자연적-인위적 성분간(Al-V, Fe-Cr, V-Mn)이 유의하게 양호하였다. 그리고 농촌지역이 도시지역보다 유의한 상관성이 많았다. 또한 유해 중금속성분과 영향인자간의 상관성을 분석한 결과, 난방연료로 기름을 사용하는곳이 가스나 전기를 사용하는 곳보다, 어린이가 있는 곳이 없는 곳보다, 주택과 대도로 사이가 10 m 미만인 곳이 이상인 곳보다, 주택연수가 10년 이상인 곳이 미만인 곳보다 상대적으로 중금속을 많이 함유하고 있었다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 2011

Cyclone, a type of particle collector widely used in the field of ambient sampling and industrial particulate control, is the principal type of gas-solids separator that uses a centrifugal force. The goal of this study is to design and evaluate the cyclone that can be used for the household vacuum cleaners. A multi cyclone with a 1st cyclone and several 2nd cyclones is designed to improve dust collection efficiency. The dust collection efficiency and the suction power of 1st cyclone are evaluated. And the dust collection efficiency and the suction power of multi cyclone are evaluated according to various sizes of inlet and vortex finder. As a result, a cone shape porous filter has better dust collection efficiency than a cylinder shape porous filter. The dust collection efficiency of a multi cyclone is 3.5% greater than that of a single cyclone.

• International Journal of Safety
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.47-51
• /
• 2002

This study was performed by measuring the minimum ignition temperature of polyurethane form recovered from the recycling process of the end-of-life home appliances. The critical ignition temperature of polyurethane form was lower as the size of the sample vessel was increased, and that of polyurethane form using cyclopentane as the forming agent was relatively lower than the polyurethane form using CFC and the combustion of cyclopentane-polyurethane form occurred fiercely. It is considered that the recycling process of end-of-life home appliances using cyclopentane-polyurethane form as the insulator would require a special fire and dust explosion prevention measures since there exists a high potential hazard of fire and dust explosion during crushing and storage processes.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 1982

We are studying on the home economics, particularly tools and machines used in household affairs. The object of this paper is to rationalize house cleaning method and to improve the used cleaning tools. We have made a social survey in Korea about the real situation of house cleaning as the first phase of this research. The contents are as follows: 1) The consciousness of housemakers for house cleaning. 2) The methods of house cleaning. 3) The used type of vacuum cleaner. 4) Merits and demerits of vacuum cleaner. 5) Troubles of vacuum cleaner etc. The results has been made in comparison with the same social survey in japan and a small scale different survey in The United States of America by auther in 1979. The results are as follow (in Korea). 1. The almost of housemakers are affirmative in charge of household affairs(95%). 2. In household affairs, only 9% of housemakers dislike cleaning work, but 40% of housemakers do not a cleaning work as a daily periodically. 3. In general household, they do a cleaning work with broom, duster and dust cloth, and then the cleaning work is faily backward in mechanization(The possession of vacuum is 19%). 4. The main dissatisfaction of vacuum cleaner is a noise, and also the difficulty of the cleaning in a corner of the room is shown in high percentage too.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
• /
• pp.644-649
• /
• 2000

A new cyclone system for the vacuum cleaner to collect dusts has been studied experimentally and numerically to meet the constant suction power, hygienic exhaust and a reduction of maintenance cost. The cyclone system of the vacuum cleaner consists of twin cyclones for improving dust collection efficiency. The first. cyclone catches large dust particles and the second one having two separated flows to decrease pressure drop collects small dust particles. The optimal design factors such as dust collection efficiency, pressure drop, and cut-size are investigated from the experimental results by the Taguchi method. Cyclone cleaner systems designed in this study has a good Performance taking into account the dust collection efficiency of 93% and the cut-size of $1.6{\mu}m$ in mass median diameter at the flow rate of 1 CMM. The cyclone vacuum cleaner showed the potential to be an effective method to collect dusts generated in the household.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
• /
• pp.733-736
• /
• 2002

The inside configuration of intake nozzle of vacuum cleaner greatly affects the dust-collection efficiency and acoustic-noise effect generated from flow separation Interaction between high-speed flow and internal structure. In order to improve the performance of the vacuum cleaner, flow fields inside the intake nozzles were investigated using flow visualization and FIV (Particle Image Vetocimetry) technique. The measurement to aerodynamic power, suction efficiency and noise level were also carried out. Valuable information was obtained from the experiments, revealing how to modify the intake nozzle. In this paper, the results of visualization, velocity distribution of flow fields, aerodynamic power, suction efficiency and noise level are discussed.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2004년도 동계 국제 심포지움
• /
• pp.13-32
• /
• 2004

o There was a significant correlation between urinary log 1-OHPG and log 8-OHdG levels before the ADE. o There was also a significant correlation between urinary MDA and 8-OHdG levels after the ADE. o Significantly higher levels of urinary PAH metabolites were observed among Chinese children than Korean children o There was a significant correlation of urinary PAH metabolites between children and their mothers living in the same household.