• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.210-214
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• 1993

This investigation was undertaken for the purpose of studying the physicochemical properties of rice flour made by various soaking time(1,4,6,8,12 hours) of rice. As the soaking time was longer, the lightness of rice flours increased, on the contrary its redness and yellowness decreased. Rice flours had higher swelling power and solubility by increasing soaking time, but water binding capacity decreased upon soaking of rice. Hot water insoluble amylose of rice flours was decreased, whereas hot water soluble amylose was increased as the soaking time increased. The amylograph indices indicated that initial pasting temperature of rice flours decreased, while maximum viscosity increased as the soaking time increased.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.499-500
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• 2009

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

The injection and spray characteristics of top-feed type injector was investigated under liquid phase injection fueled with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Different pressures and temperatures of fuel injection system were tested to identify the injection characteristics after hot soaking. MIE-scattering technique was used for verification of successful liquid phase injection after hot soaking. In case of bottom-feed type injector, the injection was accomplished at every experimental condition. In case of top-feed type injector, when the pressure of LPG was over 1.2 MPa, the injection was not executed. However, under the pressure were 1.2 MPa, the liquid phase injection after hot soaking was accomplished. The engine with top-feed type fuel injection equipment was restarted successfully after hot soaking.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 1984

This study was carried out to investigate the block shear strength of the 2ply laminated wood composed of Pinus thunbergii with ureaformaldehyde resin as adhesives according to pressure (6, 9, 12, 15kg/$cm^2$), pressing time(5, 10, 20, 30 hrs.), amount of spread(54, 108, 217, 324g/$cm^2$), hardener(10, 20, 30, 40% of 10% $NH_4CL$ on resin) and extender(0, 5, 10, 15% wheat flour on resin), and the bending strength and bending young's modulus of laminated beam according to the number of ply. The results were summarized as follows; 1. According to pressing pressure with amount of spread 217g/$cm^2$ both dry and wet shear strength of laminated wood showed the highest in 15kg/$cm^2$, and hot-cold soaking treatment showed the highest in 9kg/$cm^2$, while all shear strength of dry, wet and hot-cold soaked laminated wood have been reduced with the increasing of pressing time. 2. According to amount of spread, adhesion strength with the dry, wet and hot-cold soaking treatments revealed the highest in 217g/$cm^2$ and have been reduced under or over 217g/$cm^2$ of spread. 3. According to addition of hardener and extender, all shear strength of laminated block with the dry, wet and hot-cold soaking treatments have been reduced in increasing of addition amount of hardener and extender. The bending strength of beam according to the number of ply showed the highest in 2ply laminated wood and horizontal loading beam to glue line had the higher in strength than the vertical loading.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.70-79
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• 1990

Stainless clad steels were made through hot rolling process. Backing plates employed in this study were HSLA steel and mild steel. The shear bond strength increased with an increase of the soaking temperature and time. It was also found that the shear bond strength increased with an increase of the reduction ratio. The threshold deformation was observed to be 20% and 10% respectively when the soaking conditions of 15 min. at 900.deg. C and 30 min. at 1000.deg. C were applied. Either the rolling or the transverse direction did not give any significant difference in the shear bond strength. Stainless steel-HSLA steel was superior to stainless steel-mild steel in the same range of magnitude. Because the above experimental results were in contrary to the existing mechanisms, the new model was proposed to describe the bonding mechanism and the void formation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.372-379
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• 2010

Macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot was isolated from sesame seeds (cvs. Giza 32 and Shandawel-3) collected from different localities of Assiut, Sohage and El-Minia Governorates. The fungus was found in the highest frequently in samples collected from Assiut Governorate followed by Sohag and finally EL Minia Governorate. The obtained isolates were different in their virulence on the tested sesame cvs. Also, they differed in their growth nature including colony color and sclerotial production. The color of colonies of the pathogen seem to be correlated with density of sclerotial formation. Aqueous extracts of Majorna, Wild chamomile, Geranium oil and Nees plants were highly toxic to tested isolates of M. phaseolina, in vitro. On the other hand the rest of the tested aqueous extracts had no effect. Under greenhouse conditions in 2005 and 2006 seasons, soaking seeds of sesame before sowing in aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus, Nerium, Ocimum and Roesmary plants decreased the disease incidence. Aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus and Ocimum were the most effective treatment. Dipping sesame seeds in hot water at $60^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes increased seed germination of Giza 32 and Shandawel-3 cvs. followed by $55^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$ and $45^{\circ}C$, while $40^{\circ}C$ treatment resulted the lowest seed germination rate. Dipping sesame seeds in hot water at different temperature before planting decreased seed, seedling and charcoal rots. Soaking seeds in hot water at $60^{\circ}C$ increased greatly plant height and decreased seed, seedling rot and charcoal rot followed by $55^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$, under greenhouse condition.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.320-326
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• 2009

우리나라 재래 수집종인 제비콩, 갓끈동부와 쥐눈이콩은 종피가 매우 두껍고 딱딱하여 물 흡수가 어려워 발아율이 각각 26%, 17%와 5%에 불가하다. 이들 종자는 저장성에서 그 가치가 높이 평가되지만, 포장에 파종할 때 발아율이 낮아 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 종자의 발아율을 향상시키기 위하여 몇 가지 종피약화 처리를 실시하여 가장 효과적인 방법을 도출하였다. 종피약화 처리방법 중 가장 정상묘율이 높은 것은 제비콩은 tap water ($20^{\circ}C$)에서 24시간 침지 했을 때 85%이였으며, 갓끈동부는 hot water에서 8시간 침지했을 때 45%이였다. 그러나 소립이고 경도가 높은 쥐눈이콩은 진한 sulfuric acid에 10분간 침지 했을 때 72%의 정상묘율을 보였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2013

Hydrogen penetration into a metal leads to damages and mechanical degradations and its content measurement is of importance. For a precise measurement, a sample preparation procedure must be optimized through a series of studies on sample washing and drying. In this study, two-step washing with organic solvents and thermal soaking in inert gas were tried with a rod-shaped, API X65 steel sample. The samples were machined from a steel plate and then washed in acetone and etyl-alcohol for 5 minute each and dried with compressed air. After then, the samples were thermally soaked in a home-made nitrogen gas chamber during 10 minute at different heat gun temperatures from 100 to $400^{\circ}C$ and corresponding temperature range in the soaking chamber was from 77 to $266^{\circ}C$ according to the temperature calibration. Hydrogen residue in the samples was measured with a hot extraction system after each soaking step; hydrogen residue of $0.70{\pm}0.12$ wppm after the thermal soaking at $77^{\circ}C$ decayed with increase of the soaking temperature. By adopting the heat transfer model, decay behavior of the hydrogen residue was fitted into an exponential decay function of the soaking temperature. Saturated value or lower bound of the hydrogen residue was 0.36 wppm and chamber temperature required to lower the hydrogen residue about 95% of the lower bound was $360^{\circ}C$. Furthermore, a thermal desorption spectroscopy was done for the fully soaked samples at $360^{\circ}C$. Weak hydrogen peak was observed for whole temperature range and it means that hydrogen-related contaminants of the sample surface are steadily removed by heating. In addition, a broad peak found around $400^{\circ}C$ means that parts of the hydrogen residue are irreversibly trapped in the steel microstructure.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 1999

We studied medicinal theory on processing drugs of Wang-Ang. Wang-Ang used various methods of medicinal processing. He used such as soaking(浸), maceration(泡), washing(洗), elutriation(淘), mixing together(拌), refining powder with water(水飛) and floating(水漂) in medicinal processing with water. He used such as making hot(?), roasting in ashes(?), stir-frying with liquid(炙), parching(炒), heating(燒), baking(焙), stirring-baking(?) and distilling(煉) in medicinal processing with fire. He used such as steaming(蒸), boiling(煮), making hot and soaking(??) in medicinal processing with water and fire. And He used such as cooking(熟), making drugs into gelatin(制膠), making drugs into frostlike powder(制霜法), making drugs into bead(制珠), fermentation(生衣) and compound medicinal processing(複制法).

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 1983

대표적(代表的)인 건축내장재료(建築內裝材料)인 합판(合板)은 가연성(可燃性)이 매우 커서 각종(各種) 대형화재(大型火災)의 요인(要因)이 되고 있다. 따라서 내화합판(耐火合板) 제조(製造)의 필요성(必要性)이 절실(絶實)히 요구(要求)되고 있으며, 이와 관련(關聯)하여 우선적(優先的)으로 해결(解決)해야 할 과제(課題)로서 DAP 처리합판(處理合板)의 재건조(再乾燥)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)를 수행하였는 바 5.25mm두께의 Meranti합판(合板)을 제2인산(第二燐酸)암모늄(DAP) 20% 수용액(水溶液)에 온냉욕법(温冷浴法)으로, 즉 각각 3, 6, 9 및 12시간(時間) 온냉처리(温冷處理)한 다음 공(共)히 3시간(時間) 냉액침지처리(冷液浸漬處理)하였으며 그 때의 약액흡수량(藥液吸收量)과, 이들 처리합판(處理合板)을 130, 145, 160 및 $175^{\circ}C$의 열판온도(熱板温度)로 건조(乾燥)함으로써 건조곡선(乾燥曲線)과 건조속도(乾操速度)를 고찰(考察)하였다. 그 결과(結果), 온냉욕법(温冷浴法)에 의한 합판(合板)의 약액흡수량(藥液吸收量)은 침지시간(浸漬時間)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 꾸준히 증가(增加)하였고, 수분(水分)의 흡수량(吸收量)이 DAP의 흡수량(吸收量)보다 더 많았으며 DAP 약제보유량(藥劑保有量)은 최단침지처리시간(最短浸漬處理時間)의 경우에도 최저보유량(最低保有量)[$1.125kg/(30cm)^3$]을 상회(上廻)하였다. 한편 내화처리합판(耐火處理合板)의 건조곡선(乾操曲線)은 모든 처리시간(處理時間)에서 수분처리합판(水分處理合板)의 건조곡선(乾操曲線)이 DAP약제처리합판(藥劑處理合板)의 그것보다 경사가 급했으며 열판온도(熱板温度)가 상승(上昇)할수록 건조(乾操)가 급속(急速)히 진행(進行)되어 $160^{\circ}C$를 적용(適用)했을 때는 2.5~4분(分)에 건조(乾操)가 완료(完了)되었다. 건조속도(乾操速度)에 있어서도 대체(大體)로 열판온도(熱板温度)가 증가(增加)할수록 그 값이 증가(增加)하였으며 DAP처리(處理)의 경우는 $175^{\circ}C$ 적용시(適用時), 그리고 수분처리(水分處理)의 경우는 $160^{\circ}C$부터 10%/min 이상(以上)의 건조속도(乾操速度)를 나타내었다.