• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of adolescents hospitalized through the emergency room for intentional self-harm or suicide attempts. Methods: This retrospective study used data from the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey conducted between 2006 and 2018 for individuals aged 10-24 years. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed and compared across sex and age groups using the Rao-Scott chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis for complex survey data. Results: The most common psychiatric diagnosis was mood disorder (22.0%), and more female patients were diagnosed with it than male patients (p=0.010). The 19-24 years age group was diagnosed with mood disorder the most compared to other younger groups (p=0.012). Male patients used lethal methods more than female patients (p=0.008), and the 19-24 years age group used more drug poisoning and cutting or piercing (p<0.001) for intentional self-harm or suicide attempts than younger groups. Conclusion: Adolescents hospitalized for intentional self-harm or suicide attempts showed significant differences in clinical characteristics across sex and age groups. These findings suggest that measures for preventing self-harm or suicide attempts need to be differentiated according to the sex and age of adolescents.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.96-107
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• 2024

Malnutrition affect clinical outcomes in hospitalized old age patients, but the data on the related outcomes on the basis of different age categories are still limited. We aimed to investigate the interplay of associations among body mass index (BMI), falls risk, and mortality rate in different older adult patient age categories. This retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 65 years who received artificial nutrition. Demographic, biochemical, and survival data were collected. BMI was evaluated using the World Health Organization BMI cutoffs for Asians, and patients were classified into high (≥ 23.0 kg/m²), normal (18.5-22.9 kg/m²), and low (< 18.5 kg/m²) BMI groups. The Morse Fall Scale was used to assess falls risk. By age categories, all patients (n = 4,642) were divided into the 65-74 (n = 2,649) and ≥ 75 (n = 1,993) years age groups. We found that the proportion of low-BMI and high risk of falls increased with age. Further, low-BMI was associated with increased falls risk in both age groups. Overall survival rate tended to be lower in the low-BMI and ≥ 75 years group than that in other patient groups, but did not differ significantly compared with the low-BMI and 65-74 years group. Low-BMI was associated with increased falls risk and mortality; however, the association depended on specific patient age groups.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.2267-2277
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 7 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks of abdominal meridian massage with aroma oils (AMMAO) by Volunteers on the relief of constipation among hospitalized disability patients with brain lesions. One group pretest-posttest quasi experimental research design was used. Subjects were 38 hospitalized disability patients with brain lesions. Data were collected from May 9 to June 19, 2011. Frequencies, mean, standard deviation and Repeated Measures ANOVA with SPSS 19.0 were used to evaluate the effects of AMMAO. The results were as follows; 1. There were significant difference noted in the amount of defecation(F=3.56, p=.033) by time. 2. There were no significant difference was noted in the frequency of defecation, the frequency of suppository or enema application by time. Accordingly, it is concluded that AMMAO would be an effective nursing intervention in relief of constipation among hospitalized disability patients with brain lesions. Therefore it is recommended that AMMAO be used in clinical practice as an effective nursing intervention for hospitalized disability patients with brain lesions.

• Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.38-44
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• 2018

Purpose: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is known to provide therapeutic beneficial improvements in malnourished patients for whom enteral nutrition is not feasible. The objective of this study was to investigate the current clinical characteristics and utilization of PN in Korea. Methods: We analyzed the Health Insurance Review Agency National Inpatients Sample database from 2014 to 2016, which included 13% of all hospitalized patients in Korea. Adult patients aged 20 years or older and receiving premixed multi-chamber bag containing PN were included for this study. Patient characteristics, admission type, primary diagnosis, and hospital demographics were evaluated. SAS version 9.4 was used for data analysis. Results: From 2014 to 2016, 149,504 patients received premixed PN, with 226,281 PN prescriptions being written. The mean patient age was 65.0 years, and 81,876 patients (54.8%) were male. Premixed 3-chamber bag and 2-chamber bag PN solutions were utilized in 131,808 (88.2%) and 32,033 (21.4%) patients, respectively. The number of patients hospitalized through the emergency department were 70,693 (47.3%), whereas 43,125 patients (28.8%) were administered PN in intensive care units. In the adult PN patients, the highest primary diagnosis was malignant neoplasm of the stomach (8,911, 6.0%), followed by organism unspecified pneumonia (7,008, 4.7%), and gastroenteritis and colitis of unspecified origin (6,381, 4.3%). Overall, 34% of adult PN patients were diagnosed with malignancies, the most common being neoplasm of the stomach (17.7%), neoplasm of bronchus/lung (11.2%), neoplasm of colon (11.1%), and neoplasm of liver/intrahepatic bile ducts (10.0%). PN solutions were most frequently administered in the metropolitan area (55.0%) and in hospitals with more than 1,000 beds (23.6%). Conclusion: PN was commonly administered in older patients, with primary diagnosis of malignancy in a significant number of cases. This study is the first large-scale description of PN-prescribing patterns in real-world clinical practice in South Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate how sedative-hypnotics affect the occurrence and severity of the patient's symptoms. In addition, we conducted a study to determine the type of patients who reacted severely and required hospitalization; patients were accordingly classified as hospitalized patients and patients discharged from the emergency room. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2019, we investigated the demographics, drug information, history, laboratory tests, and severity of patients who visited our emergency department and were diagnosed with benzodiazepine, zolpidem, and doxylamine succinate overdose. We further compared details of hospitalized patients and discharged patients. Results: Subjects who had overdosed and visited the ED included 120 for benzodiazepine, 147 for zolpidem, and 27 for doxylamine succinate. Comparisons between the three groups revealed differences in their early diagnosis, psychiatric history, and sleep disturbance. Differences between groups were also determined for mental state, poisoning history, treatment received in the intensive care unit, and intubation and ventilator support. In cases of benzodiazepine overdose, we obtained a high hospitalization rate (40.0%), admission to the intensive care unit (24.2%), and intubation rate (18.3%). Comparisons between hospitalized patients and discharged groups showed differences in transferred patients, early diagnosis, and mental state. Conclusion: Patients poisoned by sedative-hypnotics are increasing every year. In cases of benzodiazepine and zolpidem, the hospitalization rates were high, and benzodiazepine overdose resulted in hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and pneumonia in a majority of cases. Therefore, active treatment and quick decisions in the emergency room are greatly required.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.186-194
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors of sleep disturbance and sleep patterns of elderly hospitalized women patients between young-old (65-74 years), old (76-84 years) and old-old (85 years and above). Methods: The questionnaire included the environmental disturbance factors (Paik, 2000), degree of pain (Wang & Kim,1995), disease symptoms (Paik, 2000), depression (Kee, 1996) and sleep patterns (Oh, Song, & Kim, 1998). Data were analyzed using frequencies, means, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression (SPSS 14.0). Results: The middle, and oldest group's environmental disturbance factors of degree of pain, disease symptoms, depression and sleep patterns were higher than those of the younger group. The younger, middle, and oldest group's sleep pattern had a significant negative correlation with environmental disturbance factors, degree of pain, disease symptoms and depression. The model including variables related to environmental, physical and psychological disturbance factors, explained the following variances in sleep pattern: 26.8% for the youngest group, 27.6% for the middle group and 40.7% for the oldest group. Conclusion: The result of this study offer basic data for the development of nursing intervention programs to improve sleep patterns for hospitalized women patients according to age differences.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.583-597
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• 2016

Purpose: The study was done to evaluate the effects a Stress Management Program (SMP) on stress, problem solving skills, and quality of life for hospitalized patients with Schizophrenia. Methods: A mixed method design was used: a combination of a repeated-measure design with a non-equivalent control group and qualitative data collection. The participants were 40 patients with schizophrenia admitted in three psychiatric hospitals. The experimental group (n=20) received the SMP twice a week for a total of 8 weeks. Results: Study results revealed that the SMP was effective for stress (F=321.02, p<.001), problem solving ability (F=246.28, p<.001), and quality of life (F=63.35, p<.001) for hospitalized persons with schizophrenia. Conclusion: The results suggest that a SMP can be an effective strategy to reduce patients' hospitalization stress, and improve problem solving skills and quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended that mental health nurses use this stress management program in clinical practice to assist adaptation to hospitalization for persons with schizophrenia.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized children ranges between 12% and 24%. Although the consequences of hospital malnutrition are enormous, it is often unrecognized and untreated. The aim of this study was to identify the current status of in-hospital nutrition support for children in South Korea by carrying out a nationwide hospital-based survey. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Out of 345 general and tertiary hospitals in South Korea, a total of 53 institutes with pediatric gastroenterologists and more than 10 pediatric inpatients were selected. A questionnaire was developed by the nutrition committee of the Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. The questionnaires were sent to pediatric gastroenterologists in each hospital. Survey was performed by e-mails. RESULTS: Forty hospitals (75.5%) responded to the survey; 23 of them were tertiary hospitals, and 17 of them were general hospitals. Only 21 hospitals (52.5%) had all the required nutritional support personnel (including pediatrician, nutritionist, pharmacist, and nurse) assigned to pediatric patients. Routine nutritional screening was performed in 22 (55.0%) hospitals on admission, which was lower than that in adult patients (65.8%). Nutritional screening tools varied among hospitals; 33 of 40 (82.5%) hospitals used their own screening tools. The most frequently used nutritional assessment parameters were weight, height, hemoglobin, and serum albumin levels. In our nationwide hospital-based survey, the most frequently reported main barriers of nutritional support in hospitals were lack of manpower and excessive workload, followed by insufficient knowledge and experience. CONCLUSIONS: Although this nationwide hospital-based survey targeted general and tertiary hospitals with pediatric gastroenterologists, manpower and medical resources for nutritional support were still insufficient for hospitalized children, and nutritional screening was not routinely performed in many hospitals. More attention to hospital malnutrition and additional national policies for nutritional support in hospitals are required to ensure appropriate nutritional management of hospitalized pediatric patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.80 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2017

Background: Much of the attention of tuberculosis (TB) programs is focused on outcomes of microbiological cure and mortality, and health related quality of life (HRQL) is undervalued. Also, TB patients have a significantly higher risk of developing depression and anxiety compared with those in the general population. We intend to evaluate the HRQL and the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in hospitalized patients with TB. Methods: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil. Adult patients with pulmonary TB that were hospitalized during the study period were identified and invited to participate. HRQL was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) version 2. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to record symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results: Eighty-six patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of all patients was $44.6{\pm}15.4$ years, 69.8% were male, and 53.5% were white. Thirty-two patients (37.2%) were human immunodeficiency virus positive. Twenty-seven patients (31.4%) met study criteria for depression (HADS depression score ${\geq}11$) and 33 (38.4%) had anxiety (HADS anxiety score ${\geq}11$). Scores on all domains of SF-36 were significantly lower than the Brazilian norm scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study shows that TB patients may have a poor HRQL. Additionally, we found a possible high prevalence of depression and anxiety in this population. Health care workers should be aware of these psychological disorders to enable a better management of these patients. The treatment of these comorbidities may be associated with better TB outcomes.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2006

Objective : We examined the putative association between the psychological symptoms and hypoxemia in hospitalized pneumoconiosis patients. Methods : One hundred and nine hospitalized pneumoconiosis patients were divided into two groups according to their level of hypoxemia (PaO2); hypoxemic group consisted of 47 patients with PaO2 lower than 80 mmHg, and comparative group consisted of 62 patients with higher than 80 mmHg. All of them were interviewed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and completed the Symptom Checklist-90items-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The medical data (PaO2, PaCO2, Hb, and Hct), number of hospital days and socio-demographic data as well as scores of the three psychological measurements were compared between the two groups. Results : Hypoxemic patients with lower PaO2 showed higher scores in the HAM-D (p=0.01) and stateanxiety subscale of the STAI (p<0.05). Values of hemoglobin and hematocrit were negatively correlated with levels of trait-anxiety (p<0.05). Thirty patients (27.5%) of total subjects suffered from depression (higher than 18 in the HAM-D), and 46.8% of hypoxemic patients were depressed, whereas 12.9% of comparative group patients were depressed (p=0.01). Conclusion : These results suggest that depression and anxiety might be associated with the hypoxemic mechanism in pneumoconiosis patients.