• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.363-369
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• 2016

Purpose: Fatigue in mothers of hospitalized children is an important component for her child's health. This study was done to identify factors influencing fatigue in mothers of hospitalized children. Methods: A descriptive correlation study design was used. Participants were 157 mothers of hospitalized children in a university hospital located in one city. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Mean score for fatigue in mothers of hospitalized children was $2.11{\pm}0.53$. There were significant differences in scores for fatigue in these mothers according to education, sleep satisfaction, and family support. Multiple regression analysis showed that the important factors related to fatigue in mothers of hospitalized children were parenting stress (${\beta}=.44$), hours of sleep (${\beta}=-.25$), and age (${\beta}=-.21$). These factors explained 38% of the total variance. Conclusion: Research results suggest that nursing interventions for mothers of hospitalized children are needed in order to improve the comfort and health of the mothers and facilitate the recovery of their child.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.136-146
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data in ensuring a high quality of nursing needed by hospitalized child's mother through research of the mother's perception of uncertainty and nursing need concerning child's hospitalization. Method: 173 hospitalized child's mothers at G hospital in Busan are questioned. The tools used in this study are PPUS(Parent's Perception of Uncertainty Scale) and the nursing need of hospitalized children's mother. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC program. Results: 1) The perception of total uncertainty for the hospitalized child's mother showed average 2.37 and the nursing need showed very high level, 3.37. 2) The perception of uncertainty in accordance with general character of the hospitalized child's mother shows non significant difference 3) Significant correlation indicated between the perception of uncertainty of hospitalized children's mother and nursing need. Conclusion: It is to be desired to prepare a program which can raise the level of perception developing a method that is able to practically assess and manage the level of perception of hospitalized children's mother.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument that evaluated QUality Of care Through patients' Eyes for hospitalized child (QUOTE-Child), and examine the validity and reliability. Methods: Preliminary items were reviewed through expert content validity and face validity. To test the validity and reliability of the instrument, the data were collected from 221 care givers of hospitalized children. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown coefficient. Results: Factor analysis yielded 19 items in four factors including 1) respect, 2) explanation, 3) kindness, and 4) skillfulness, with a cumulative explanatory variance of 70.68%. For criterion-related validity, a significant positive relationship was found between quality of care and pediatric family satisfaction. For internal consistency reliability, the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .93 (importance) and .95 (performance) for the overall instrument. The half split reliabilities were .86, .95 (importance) and .92, .97 (performance). The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of 110 data was .92 (importance) and .94 (performance). Conclusion: Researchers and practitioners can use this instrument to systematically assess quality of care for hospitalized children and identify areas of support for hospitalized children and their family.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 1999

The main purpose of this study is to identify nursing needs of parents who have hospitalized child. Research design is a descriptive survey. The subjects for the study were 79 parents who have hospitalized child at a pediatric ward of one of the general hospital attached to a university in J city. The data was collected by researchers using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was Likert type 5 point scale, composed of 5 categories with 61 items. The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC. The results of the study were as follows ; 1) Mean score of nursing needs of subjects were 3.93 at 2nd day of admission and 3.99 at 7th day of admission. 2) Among the categories, the highest nursing need at the End day and 7th day of admission was ‘dilect nursing’, in desending order, ‘facilities and environment’, ‘education and counseling’, ‘nursing assessment’. The lowest nursing need was ‘reference’. 3) Differences between the nursing needs of subjects at 2nd day and 7th day were as follows : (1) By categories, there was a significant difference only in the ‘reference’ categoly(t=2.74, P=.008). (2) By items, there were significant differences in items of ‘to check necessary materials(t=2.31, P=.024)’, ‘to understand family function and family relationship(t=2.12, P=.041)’, ‘to set up study room(t=2.22, P=.030)’, and ‘to mediate parent's meeting group(t=3.89, P=.000)’. The above result indicated that nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child were above average, especially very high in items about disease process, and items directly associated with treatment and nursing care. So, nurses have to focus on information about the patient's state of disease, treatment, test and procedure, and in efficiently giving direct nursing care to implement mure effective care for the hospitalized children and their parents. And some future researche is needed to identify the difference of degree of nursing needs of parents with hospitalized child according to admission duration using a different sample and a longer sampling interval.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.222-230
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of family stressors, family strains, general family values, family values for hospitalized children and family hardiness on family adaptation based upon McCubbin's family resilience model for families of hospitalized children in China. Methods: A survey using a self-report questionnaire was conducted with 330 hospitalized children's parents. Six instruments were used in this model. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 program. Results: Family strain had a significant negative direct effect, general family values and family hardiness had a significant positive direct effect, and family values for hospitalized children had a significant positive direct effect and indirect effect on family adaptation of hospitalized children. Conclusion: In this study McCubbin's resilience model and resiliency factors were identified. According to the finding of this study nursing interventions to reduce family stress, enhance family hardiness and consolidate general family values and family values for hospitalized children can help to increase family adaptation in families of hospitalized children. Therefore, the significance of this study is that the results can be used to develop family nursing intervention programs based on family resilience to strengthen family adaptation in families of hospitalized children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.74-84
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop content for safety education to prevent hospital safety accidents among hospitalized children and to investigate the status of safety education performed by nurses. Methods: First, the Delphi method was used, with 18 experts, to develop educational contents for preventing safety accidents. Second, an exploratory survey was performed of the actual status of safety education for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children using a questionnaire developed based on the Delphi method. The participants of this study were 159 nurses with at least 6 months of work experience. Results: The educational content developed through the Delphi method for preventing safety accidents among hospitalized children contained seven domains (falls, injury, electric shocks/burns, suffocation/aspiration, poisoning/abuse, kidnapping, medical devices) with 44 topics. The item mean of nurses'perceptions of the importance of child safety education was 4.18, and the actual performance score was 3.72, which was a statistically significant difference (t=11.58, p<.001). Conclusion: These seven comprehensive domains of accident prevention education for hospitalized children are expected to be useful for interventions to support the safety of hospitalized children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.240-248
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• 2000

Nurses working with families who has a hospitalized child are aware of the complexity of the tasks and stresses they deal with new setting of environment. The challenge is to assess the family coping activity that require the most immediate intervention for the effective nursing care for child and family. This study describe the family coping inventory for the clinical guidance to identify a family coping with stressors. The purpose of this study was to look at the factors related to the family's coping activity when the child was hospitalized. The data were collected with a questionnaire between July and August, 1999, in a sample of 106 families who have hospitalized child. Family coping was assessed using Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale(F-COPES). Data was analyzed using correlation coefficient and analysis of variance. Positive correlation was found between social support, reframe with mobilizing the family to acquire and accept help in sub-domain of family coping. Strongest correlation existed between the family's spiritual support and total family coping. The type of diagnosis, the level of family income, religion, and child's age were significantly different in family coping. The result show that the family coping is affected by the characteristics of child and family, as well as the factors of coping activity. Therefore, early assessment of family coping skill and activity is important to the prevention of problem with function toward wholeness as a unit and child's well being. It can be used with a broad range of child's hospitalization process. It also serve as a nursing record and planning tool for documenting issues that may become priorities for future interventions.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.528-540
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to design services for improving the quality of care of hospitalized children with acute diseases. Methods: The service design process had four phases: discovery, definition, development, and delivery. The participants were 23 mothers of hospitalized children with an acute disease, and seven nurses and three doctors working at a pediatric hospital. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations. The data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics. Results: The participants reported needs for explanations about the treatment, skillful nursing, and environmental improvements. The concept of the services was familiarity and enjoyment, aimed at solving the problems of unfamiliarity and boredom. A six-guideline was presented for improving the quality of care of hospitalized children with acute diseases: improvement of awareness, development of educational materials, improvement of skills, environmental improvements, play activities, and evaluations of user satisfaction. Conclusion: These findings indicate that nursing services should deliver familiarity and enjoyment to hospitalized children and their families. The findings of this study emphasize that the service design methodology can be used to improve the quality of care of hospitalized children with acute diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.323-332
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• 2001

This study was to investigate the level of nursing needs of parents who have hospitalized child. The subjects for this study were 70 parents who have hospitalized child at pediatric ward in S University Hospital, and the period of data collection was from June 5, 2000 to July 15, 2000. The research instruments used in this study was the Nursing Needs Scale and the cronbach's $\alpha$ of this scale was .92. This instrument had four dimensions : physical nursing needs, therapeutic nursing needs, emotional nursing needs and educational nursing needs. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 10.0 program was used for descriptive statistics. The results were as follows. 1) The range of nursing needs scores was from 104 to 156 and the mean score of the nursing needs was 132.64. 2) The mean score of the therapeutic nursing needs dimension was the most with 3.56 compared to emotional nursing needs(3.25), educational nursing needs(3.25), physical nursing needs(3.14). 3) There was a significant difference in nursing needs of parents according to the level of child's physical function(F=3.39, p<.05). 4) There was a significant correlation between nursing needs and child's physical function(r=-.262, p<.05).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the fatigue of the mothers of the hospitalized children's mothers in descriptive study. Method: Two hundred eighty three mothers who take care of the hospitalized children in three University hospitals were enrolled from June, 1 to October, 30, 2003. Data were collected using a questionnaire titled 'Symptom Table on Fatigue Perception' designed by the Fatigue Research Committee of Japan, consisted of a total 30 items categorized into three sub-dimensions: the physical, the psychological and the neuro-sensory. SPSS was used for the analysis of data with 0.05 of significance. Result: 1) The mean average fatigue score of subjects was 1.94(SD:.48): the physical fatigue revealed the highest value with a mean of 2.19(SD:.57), followed by psychological fatigue with a mean score of 1.85(SD:.52), neuro-sensory fatigue with a mean of 1.79(SD:.51). 2) With the respect to the general characteristics of hospitalized children and mothers, there were statistically significant differences in the mothers' fatigue perception by the child sex(t=-2.697, p=.008), the character of child(F=9.032, p=.000), the child condition compared to pre-hospitalization(F=3.523, p=.031), with or without support in domestic households(t=-1.981, p=.049), the amount of sleeping time(t=2.704, p=.007), and with or without of night-time sleep disturbance because of the child hospitalization(t=2.082, p=.038). Conclusion: These results suggest that health care professional need to be aware of the persistent presence of the maternal fatigue related to the child hospitalization and the factors worsen the degree of the fatigue.