• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.152-163
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of musculoskeletal symptoms and burden on presenteeism among nurses in a gastrointestinal endoscopy unit. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires administered to 140 nurses working in the gastrointestinal endoscopy unit of a hospital located in Busan metropolitan city. Results: The body part with the most musculoskeletal symptoms was the back (73.2%), and the most common musculoskeletal burden work was "when you have to stand or maintain the same posture for a long time in a lead apron protection clothes." The factors most related to work impairment were working hours, musculoskeletal symptoms, and musculoskeletal burden, with an explanatory power of 63.3%. Factors affecting perceived productivity were working hours and musculoskeletal symptoms, with an explanatory power of 29.2 %. Conclusion: To reduce work impairment and increase the perceived productivity of nurses in gastrointestinal endoscopy units, various programs and improved working environments are needed that can improve musculoskeletal symptoms and reduce musculoskeletal burden.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.151-165
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• 1997

A cost analysis for hospitalized patients was performed based on the KDRG classification in order to determine an appropriate nursing fee under the PPS(Prospective Payment System). The data was collected from 20 nursing units of three tertiary hospitals and two secondary hospitals from August 26 to September 15, 1996. The study consisted of 148 inpatients diagnosed for lens procedures(KDRG 03900), tonsillectomy &/or adenoidectomy(KDRG 16100), Cesarean section(KDRG 37000), or vaginal delivery(KDRG 37300) without any complications. The direct or indirect nursing hours of each patients were measured. Then, direct or indirect nursing expenditures of four nursing units, operating room and delivery room were computed. Finally, the resources used including average total nursing hours, average length of stay and average nursing cost of each KDRG were estimated as follows; 1) The average total nursing hours were 640 minutes for lens procedures, 403 minutes for tonsillectomy &/or adenoidectomy, 934 minutes for appendectomy with complicated principal diagnosis, 1,094 minutes for Cesarean section and 631 minutes for vaginal delivery. Significant differences were found in average total nursing hours among hospitals. 2) The average length of stay in lens procedures were 5 days, 4 days for tonsillectomy &/or adenoidectomy, 6 days for appendectomy with complicated principal diagnosis, 8 days for Cesarean section and 3 days for vaginal delivery. All results were within normal determined by the Ministry of Health and Welfare although significant differences existed among hospitals, especially with average length of stay for leng procedures between tertiary hospitals and secondary hospitals which was greater than for those of others. 3) The average nursing cost were 87,146 Won for lens procedures, 69,600 Won for tonsillectomy &/or adenoidectomy, 128,337 Won for appendectomy with complicated principal diagnosis, 151,769 Won for Cesarean section and 85,403 Won for vaginal delivery. These costs were 7.6%, 13.0%, 13.0%, 16.0% and 22.0%, respectively, of the official price fixed by the Ministry of Health and Welfare under the prospective payment system. Research for the analysis of nursing costs according to the severity of illness for those KDRGs shoud be carried out within the period of the PPS pilot project. In addition, a proper nursing fee schedule for a new reimbursement system based upon the result of the above research should be prepared in the near future.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the colony counts by different disinfecting processes and duration of the operation for humidifiers in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Busan. Method: The four steps of disinfecting process were taken with four different humidifiers according to the use of disinfectant (1:100 $Deconex^{(R)}$ 50FF/nothing) and refilling water (tap water/distilled water). First, the colony counts using water sample from wick was conducted at 0 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr respectively after turning on the humidifiers. Next, the colony counts using waterdrop from the outlet was done at 0 hr, 24 hr, 48 hr, and 72 hr respectively after turning on the humidifiers. Result: No colony was counted after disinfecting with 1:100 $Deconex^{(R)}$ 50FF until 72 hr after turning on the humidifiers. However, without disinfecting with $Deconex^{(R)}$ 50FF, the colony count was increased in the humidifiers from 24 hr after turning on the humidifiers. The result was the same regardless of the refilling water. Conclusion: According to the results, the study found that disinfection of humidifiers in the ICUs with 1:100 $Deconex^{(R)}$ 50FF every 72 hr is effective to remove general bacteria.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate shelf life for sterilized products according to their packaging material. Methods: Samples were prepared to target six nursing units in one general hospital in Seoul. After steam and E.O gas sterilization, sterilized product, samples were supplied to wards. Data collection was conducted for 3 months, after the expiration date of 3 months had passed for samples packaged with crepe paper and nonwoven wraps. For samples packaged with paper-plastic pouches, data collection conducted for 3 months when the expiration date of 9 months had passed. The sterilized products were collected and tested for microbial contamination. Identification of the storage environment was done as samples were collected. Results: This study confirmed that the storage environment met international standards such as CDC, except for temperature. For steam sterilized crepe paper packaging samples and steam and E.O gas sterilized for nonwoven packaging samples no contamination in all products was found for 3 months past the expiration date. However, in the E.O gas sterilized paper-plastic pouch packaging sterile samples, Gram-positive bacilli were detected in one sample from a surgical intensive care unit at 45 weeks and another sample from an operating room at 47 weeks. Furthermore, the results did not show any microorganisms for up to 52 weeks in all products. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, sterilized product packaging made with crepe paper and nonwoven wraps is better able an extended shelf life from 3 months to 6 months, reducing unnecessary costs.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.270-276
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the Edmonson psychiatric fall risk assessment tool (EPFRAT) for psychiatric inpatients. Methods: Data from retrospective study were collected from 670 adult inpatients in two departments of mental health medicine of a tertiary general hospital by reviewing their electronic medical records. There were 41 patients who experienced falls and 629 patients who did not experience falls during the period from January to December 2019. Data were analyzed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and a receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) for validity assessment using the IBM SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: Factors affecting falls were the participant's age, guardian's residence, high-risk determination at the time of admission, and comorbidity. At the 85 points where the point of sum of the sensitivity and specificity was largest, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EPFRAT were 92.7%, 79.7%, 22.9%, and 99.4%, respectively. The area under the ROC to assess the overall validity of the tool was .92 (95% CI 0.89~0.94). Conclusion: The EPFRAT was proved to be valid and reasonable for predicting falls in psychiatric inpatients. Based on the results of this study, it could be used for the assessment of high-risk patients for falls in psychiatric units.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.383-392
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess critical care nurses' perception, knowledge, and nursing practices regarding enteral nutrition. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted with 187 nurse participants who worked in one of the eight medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs) from four hospitals in Korea. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Although critical care nurses' perception toward enteral nutrition was high, knowledge was relatively low. The overall perception and knowledge of the nurses did not differ significantly between medical ICU and surgical ICU nurses. Perception of their own knowledge, in particular, 'nutritional goal' was lower for medical ICU nurses compared to surgical ICU nurses. Nurses also had limited knowledge about the significance of enteral nutrition, confirmation of feeding tube location, and nutritional requirements for ICU patients. They inadequately performed the following: changing the feeding tube every 24 hours, inspecting nostrils daily, and adjusting feeding schedule if feeding was stopped. Conclusion: Our results indicate that ICU nurses need up-to-date information about enteral nutrition. Based on the improved perception and knowledge, nursing practice activities with regard to enteral nutrition should be emphasized to enable nurses to provide optimal nutrition for ICU patients.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the level of professional self-concept, self-efficacy and job satisfaction among nurses who work at hemodialysis units. Methods: With convenience sampling, 128 nurses working at hemodialysis settings in Chungcheong Province were participated in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 14.0 with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean scores were 2.68 for professional self-concept, 3.65 for self efficacy and 3.14 for job satisfaction. There were significant differences in professional self-concept according to age, religion, position and clinical experience. There was statistically significant difference in self-efficacy according to age. Also, there was statistically significant difference in job satisfaction according to age, marital status, hospital type, position, clinical experience, and the number of patients per nurse. Job satisfaction was positively correlated with professional self-concept and self-efficacy. Conclusion: These findings provided that interventions to enhance professional self-concept as well as the strategies to improve self-efficacy are very important.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.32-41
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after upper or lower abdominal digestive tract surgery. Methods: Participants in this retrospective observational study had undergone upper or lower digestive tract surgery and entered the surgical intensive care unit between March 1, 2016 and February 28, 2017. Data were collected from the medical records, operative records, results of laboratory test, and the nursing records of the hospitals. Results: Of the patients, 544 patients were enrolled in the study and PPCs -developed in 335 (61.6%) patients. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, significant risk factors of PPCs were identified: BMI (Body Mass Index; $kg/m^2$), preoperative serum BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen; mg/dL), abdominal open surgery, or blood transfusion during operation. Conclusion: These risk factors could be used to help identify patients at risk for PPCs and then appropriate nursing interventions could be provided for patients at risk of PPCs.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to propose an ontology methodology based on standardized nursing process as framework in obstetric and gynecologic nursing practice. Methods: The instrument used in this study was based on the nursing diagnosis classification established by North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) (2009-2011), fifth edition of the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) (2008), forth edition of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) (2008) developed by Iowa State University and systematized nomenclature of medicine clinical terms (SNOMED CT). The nursing records data were collected from electronic medical records of one hospital from August to October 2010. Results: One hundred and forty-one nursing diagnosis statements used in obstetric and gynecologic nursing unit were linked standardized nursing classifications and constructed nursing diagnosis ontology including interoperability. Conclusion: Not only will this result be helpful to complete nurse's lack of knowledge and experience, it will also help to determine nursing diagnosis logically by using standardized nursing process. It will be utilized as the method to construct ontology including interoperability in other nursing units. It will be presented nursing interventions according to nursing diagnosis and thus will be easier to establish nursing planning. This can provide immediate feedback of the nursing process application.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.215-224
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify risk factors in hospitalized children, and to develop and validate a fall-risk assessment tool for hospitalized children. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at one university children's hospital, and an analysis was done of the characteristics of all patients who fell during a 44-month period (n=48). These patients were compared with another 149 hospitalized children who did not fall. Results: Significant predictors of falls as identified in a multivariate logistic regression analyses were age of less than 3 years old, neurological diagnosis including epilepsy, children's dependency of ADL, physical developmental delay, multiple usage of fall-risk-increasing drugs. The respective odds ratios ranged from 2.4 to 7.1 with 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Accordingly, defining patients with either 5 risk factors as fall-prone hospitalized children provided a sensitivity of 93.6% and specificity of 16.2%. Conclusion: The results show that this tool has an acceptable level of sensitivity to assess the risk factors of fall in hospitalized children even though the specificity was low, suggesting that this tool may enable nurses to predict the risk level of childhood falls, and develop preventive strategies against pediatric falls in children's units.