• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.199-206
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• 1997

Object：The purpose of this study was to investigate frequency and risk factor of violence toward parents seen in adolescents. We also want to apply this data toward developing a prevention program for adolescent violence. Method：A total of 1,345 students from 5 middle schools in Seoul, participated in this study：675 males, 670 females. We administered self-reporting questionnaire including violence toward parents, exposure to violence, family history of alcoholism, substance abuse of adolescetnt and dermographic data etc. Result：The frequency of boys’ violence toward parent was 2.8%, which was significantly higher than girls’(p<0.001). The frequency of violence toward the father was higher than the mother. The risk factors for violence toward parents were sex, parental alcohol problem, adolescent alcohol-smoking-drug problem, exposure to violence at home in the last year and exposure to violence in the life(p<0.0001). The grade, punishment, socioeconomic status, educational level of parent were not significantly related to violence toward parents. Conclusion：These suggest that adolescent violence toward parents is not rare problem any more and preventive intervention is needed for high-risk groups, that is related with experience domestic violence, substance abuse, alcoholic parent.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.303-312
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between response to violence, resilience and burnout and to investigate the factors that affect burnout in emergency room nurses. Methods: Data from 237 nurses in 15 emergency rooms were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0, and the analyses included descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney test, ANOVA, Kruskall Wallis test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Burnout was positively correlated with response to violence and negatively correlated with resilience in emergency room nurses. Response to violence (${\beta}=.466$, p<.001), resilience (${\beta}=-.308$, p<.001), and religion (${\beta}=-.131$, p=.011) were significant predictors of burnout, and they explained 39.9% of emergency room nurses' burnout. Conclusion: Response to violence and resilience were identified as significant factors affecting burnout in emergency room nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies to cope effectively with violence and to develop programs that can strengthen resilience.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-112
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to understand the violence experiences of female nurses in general hospitals and to investigate the influence of violence experiences on depression. The research subjects were 2,714 female nurses in five general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. As a results, female nurses in general hospitals suffered from verbal, physical and sexual violences in descending order while working. Age, marital status, work type, experiences of verbal violence and sexual violence had the influence on depression. Sexual violence experiences influenced on depression the most. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed that subsequent studies are necessary to provide more practical solution; quantitative researches investigating violence in depth, and qualitative researches identifying differences in violence and response to violence in workplace by profession.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.119-135
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• 2016

We tried to develop the school violence prevention program which focuses on the bystanders. In the context of school violence, most students are bystanders. They can either reinforce the violence or stop the violence. We hypothesized that the students who know their own temperament dimensions such as novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence (Cloninger, 1994) will show more tendencies to defend victims from school violence when they learned the methods to prevent school violence in accordance to their temperament dimensions. 351 Korean middle school students participated the 4 sessions of school violence prevention program. The students completed the questionnaires to identify their own behavior in school violence situations. In the experimental group(temperament group), students learned the methods to help the victims that suits with their own temperaments. Whereas, the comparison group just attend the class regardless of their temperaments. Both groups showed significant increase in the trend of defending the victims. However, the temperament group showed more tendency to protect/defend the victims than the comparison group when they faced with school violence. These results show that students can learn the methods of defending victims from school violence more easily by knowing their own temperament dimensions, and can be the prepared and the effective defenders.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.526-536
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this phenomenological research was to identify nurses's experience of verbal violence from doctor in hospital setting. Methods: The participants of this study were twelve nurses who work at a hospital in Chungbuk. Data was collected through documents, observation, and tape-recorded in-depth interview individually from participants. It was analyzed using the phenomenological methodology by Colaizzi. Results: From significant statements, seven categories were identified as follows: Lowering self-esteem due to authoritative and insulting remarks, Getting angry and being disagreeable due to blunt remarks, Being disgraceful due to broad jokes sexually, Hoping to escape present due to skepticism in their job, Being estranged due to bad feeling, Expressing their anger, and Using various way for improvement of relationship. Conclusion: Nurses's experience of verbal violence was showed nurse-doctor relationship was still vertical, not collaborative and supportive. This vertical relationship would cause conflicts between doctor and nurse. Therefore it is need doctor to be changed the mind that nurse is a professional, and to come up with the plan for enhancing inter-collaborative relationship in order to solve conflict between them.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

School bullying has become a major social problem in Korea after the emergence of media reports on children who committed suicide after being victimized by bullies. In this article, we review the characteristics of bullying, and investigate the role of the pediatrician in the prevention of and intervention against bullying and school violence. Bullying can take on many forms such as physical threat, verbal humiliation, malicious rumors, and social ostracism. The prevalence of bullying in various countries is approximately 10% to 20%. In Korea, the prevalence of school violence is similar but seems to be more intense because of the highly competitive environment. From our review of literature, we found that children who were bullied had a significantly higher risk of developing psychosomatic and psychosocial problems such as headache, abdominal pain, anxiety, and depression than those who were not bullied. Hence, it is important for health practitioners to detect these signs in a child who was bullied by questioning and examining the child, and to determine whether bullying plays a contributing role when a child exhibits such signs. Pediatricians can play an important role in the prevention of or intervention against school violence along with school authorities, parents, and community leaders. Moreover, guidelines to prevent school violence, such as the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, KiVa of the Finish Ministry of Education, and Connected Kids: Safe, Strong, Secure of the American Academy Pediatrics, should be implemented.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to provide fundamental data on increasing organizational commitment of clinical nurses by verifying the mediation effects of resilience in the correlation between the verbal violence experienced by nurses and their organizational commitment. Methods: Participants were 167 nurses working in 2 university hospitals and 3 general hospitals located in D city Nurse managers were excluded. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis based on the three-step mediation effect verification procedures proposed by Baron and Kenny. SPSS 24.0 program was used. The significance of mediation effect was verified by performing the Sobel test. Results: The resilience was confirmed to have a partial mediating effect in the relationship between verbal violence experience and organizational commitment (β=.25, p=.001), and verified by Sobel test (Z=-1.95, p=.026). Conclusion: The results verifiying that verbal violence experience, organizational commitment, and resilience are correlated with each other, and showing that the organizational culture needs to be improved and the hospital environment needs to be changed to decrease verbal violence experiences and increase resilience in order to enhance organizational commitment.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.240-248
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to identify the influence of workplace violence on anger and post traumatic stress disorder among nurses. Methods: The research design for this study was a descriptive survey design using a random sampling. Data collection was done using self-questionnaire with 477 nurses. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test and logistics regression. Results: The incidences of total violence, verbal, physical, and sexual violence were 31.2%, 28.7%, 6.3%, 3.6% of the nurses, respectively. Anger was significantly associated with verbal violence (OR: 2.34, CI: 1.40~3.91) and physical violence (OR:4.85 CI: 1.67~14.13). Post traumatic stress disorder was significantly associated with verbal violence (OR: 15.99, CI: 9.58~26.69) and physical violence (OR: 5.37, CI: 1.66~17.40). Conclusion: To promote psychological health in nurses, there is a need to develop prevention programs to decrease workplace violence and to develop programs supporting psychological aspects of verbal violence that nurses experience.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.446-456
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of study was to identify violence episodes by patients and/or their guardians and responses from emergency room nurses. Method: A convenient sample of 172 emergency nurses was selected from general hospitals with more than 200 beds. A survey design was used and data were collected from October 2 to October 11, 2006. using self-report questionnaires which were developed by the authors. Descriptive statistics, with the SPSS PC program were used to analyze the data. Results: The majority of nurses(97.1%) had experienced violence by patients or their guardians in the previous month. Violence offenders who were drunk comprised 68.6% of total offenders. Causes of violence were delays in examination and treatment(59.9%). The major coping behavior in dealing with violence episodes was ignoring(40.1%). Responses to violence experienced by emergency nurses were rated as 2.39. Response to violence according to general characteristics of the nurses showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of violence experienced by emergency nurses, hospitals must develop and manage preventive education programs and policy.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.212-220
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to investigate the prevalence & types of workplace violence toward nurses in hospitals, and to understand nurse's coping response, cause of violence and prevention strategy. Methods: The data were collected from 254 nurses working in 9 hospitals in Jeju Province by the self-report from June to August 2010. Results: The respondents experienced unpleasant or insulting words (89.8%), verbal threat (38.2%), physical threat (67.7%), physical injury (32.7%), severe physical injury (2.8%), and sexual harassment (26.4%) during the last one year. The frequent offenders were patients, patients' family and physicians in order. The causes of violence which nurses perceived were personality of offenders (76.4%), lack of assessment of aggressive patients or care givers (42.1%), and lack of explanation to patients or caregivers (33.5%). They reported that coping strategies for workplace violence were 'established reporting system (63.4%)', 'building a cooperative circumstances within team members (58.3%)', and 'formulation of hospital policies for violence prevention and coping (54.3%)'. Conclusion: These findings showed nurses are at considerable risk for workplace violence, and they experience various types of violence from patients, caregivers, and physicians. We suggest that hospitals formulate appropriate policies, guidelines and programs to prevent and cope with workplace violence in hospitals.