• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 온도와 습도 및 냉 난방을 조절하여 건물 내의 쾌적한 환경을 제공하기 위한 승압쵸퍼와 PWM 전압형 인버터로 구성된 태양광 발전 시스템을 제안하였다. 이 시스템은 안정된 변조를 위해 원칩 마이크로프로세서를 사용하여 동기신호와 제어신호로 처리하였다. PWM 전압형 인버터와 위상의 동기를 위하여 계통전압을 검출하여 계통전압과 인버터 출력을 동상 운전하므로 잉여전력을 연계할 수 있게 하였으며, 건물이나 병원 등 특정 건물의 온도 및 습도센서에 적용하여 양호한 동특성을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 시스템에 적용한 결과 고역률과 저고조파 출력을 유지함으로써 부하와 계통에 전력이 안정하게 공급될 수 있도록 제어하여 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.595-609
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to classify the courses of the dental-hygiene curricula into several categories by field, to incorporate the subjects in the same category into an integrated course, and to suggest how to ensure the successful phase-in application of integrative education according to Ronald M. Harden's 11-stage integrative ladder model. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. When the existing curricula were analyzed, it's found that many credits were provided to the courses in the area of basic dentistry that offered both theory and practice. In particular, the subjects tested by the national examination were offered by every college. In the field of public oral health, the largest number of credits was allocated to theory of oral prophylaxis and practice courses. In clinical area, clinical practice, in the area of dental office management, dental insurance course was given the largest credit. There were 31 to 61 major subjects in the colleges, which indicated that the major subjects were segmented in detail. 2. It seemed necessary to incorporate the subjects in the field of basic dentistry into oral biology, and theory of oral prophylaxis/practice, preventive dentistry/practice, preclinical stage, emergency treatment and introduction to dental hygiene should be integrated in to clinical dental hygiene. The courses in clinical area should be combined into clinical dentistry, and in the field of medical management, dental insurance, hospital management and medical relation law should be incorporated into management of dental clinic. 3. In the 11-stage integrative ladder, the subjects in the same field could perfectly be incorporated as the stages advanced. Each of the subjects was less emphasized, and communication and joint plans among teachers who were respectively in charge of the courses were increasingly considered important. Specifically, there should be a consensus among the teachers in regard to the outline of teaching programs, order of education. objects and objectives of programs and what and how to evaluate.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2007

This study was carried out to review and evaluate anti-CCP ELISA assay for diagnostic in RA patients from an early arthritis clinic (EAC). The subjects were obtained from patients visiting the outpatient clinic of the Dept. of Rhumatology med.of P hospital in Daegu, during 6 months from July 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006. The subjects were 140 cases : 80 cases from RA patients (60 women and 20 men; mean age 58 years; range, 32-68 years) confirmed by clinical diagnostic. 39 cases of these RA patients were classified as having early RA (EAC). 50 cases (non-RA) did not fulfill the criteria for RA, and 10 cases were from healthy individuals. We performed the analysis with solid phase-ELISA method (ETI-max3000, Diasorin; Italy) for anti-CCP and Nephelometry assay (Roche/Hitachi 902 analyzer; USA) for RF. The results obtained were summarized as follows ; anti-CCP ELISA is more specific than RF Nephelometry assay (specificity 94% vs 90%) to diagnose RA patients with suspected EAC (early arthritis clinic). The combination test "anti-CCP and RF" had a very high specificity (specificity 98.3%, PPV; RA group 96%, EAC 95%), the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Anti-CCP ELISA had more sensitivity in EAC (Early arthritis clinic) patients than chronic RA patients (sensitivity 64% vs 24%, respectively), anti-CCP of RA group and EAC group was more specific than RF (anti-CCP PPV; 92%, 89% vs 89%, 81% respectively), the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference of antibody concetration between anti-CCP and RF for RA and the control group is statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, anti-CCP ELISA testing may be useful if performed concomitantly with RF Nephelometry assay to diagnose RA patients with suspected EAC (early arthritis clinic).

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1993

In 27 patients with the past history of poor response to the gonadotropin superovulation induction due to poor follicular growth or permature surge of endogenous luteinizing hormone, the effectiveness of pituitary supperssion with the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a) in in vitro fertilization(IVF) program was evaluated in 43 cycles using a combination regimen of D-Trp-6 LHRH(Decapeptyl, Ferring)and FSH/hMG from June, 1989 to August, 1990 at Korea University Hospital IVF Clinic. At midluteal phase of menstrual cycle, Decapeptyl-CR was administered by long-term protocol to minimize initial agonistic effect of endogenous gonadotropins. After the confirmation of pituitary suppression, about 2-3 weeks after GNRH-a administration, ovarian follicle growth was stimulated with FSH/hMG and followed by transvaginal ultrasonic measurement of follicle size and by monitoring of serm E2 and LH if necessary. When compared with the control group stimulated with gonadotropin regimen only, the cancellation rate and occurrence rate of premature LH surge during gonadotropin treatment were significantly lower in study group(11.6% and 2.4%, respectively). There is no significant differences in the mean number of aspirated oocytes, fertilization/cleavage rate, embryo transfer(ET) rate, and mean number of embryos transferred between the two groups. The pregnancy rate per treatment cycle, 16.3%, and per ET cycle, 23.3%, were significantly higher in the study group compared with those of control group. These data suggest that GnRH-a therapy is effective for previous poor responder In gonadotropin superovulation induction for IVF.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.470-473
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective case-control study was to survey the detection rate of respiratory viruses in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) by using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and to investigate the clinical implications of the prevalence of respiratory viruses during the acute phase of KD. Methods: RT-PCR assays were carried out to screen for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus A and B, adenovirus, rhinovirus, parainfluenza viruses 1 to 4, influenza virus A and B, metapneumovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus OC43/229E and NL63, and enterovirus in nasopharyngeal secretions of 55 KD patients and 78 control subjects. Results: Virus detection rates in KD patients and control subjects were 32.7% and 30.8%, respectively (P=0.811). However, there was no significant association between the presence of any of the 15 viruses and the incidence of KD. Comparisons between the 18 patients with positive RT-PCR results and the other 37 KD patients revealed no significant differences in terms of clinical findings (including the prevalence of incomplete presentation of the disease) and coronary artery diameter. Conclusion: A positive RT-PCR for currently epidemic respiratory viruses should not be used as an evidence against the diagnosis of KD. These viruses were not associated with the incomplete presentation of KD and coronary artery dilatation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2002

Background: Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), a traditional oriental medicine, has been reported to have anti-tumor properties, but its exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated several of the molecular events that occur in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells and human pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Methods: For this purpose, we evaluated the growth-inhibitory effect of SM in association with the expressions of p53, p21, cyclin D1, and pRb, which are known to be involved in cell cycle arrest. The extent of thymidine incorporation was also examined to assess G1/S phase cell cycle arrest in both cells by $^3H$-thymidine incorporation. Results: Our results show that SM inhibits the growth and the proliferation of MCF-7 and A549 cells. Furthermore, we also observed increased expression of p21 via a p53-dependent pathway in both cell lines after treating with SM. In addition, treatment with SM for 24 hours caused the suppression of hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRb) expression and the dephosphorylation of pRb. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the growth inhibitory and the anti-proliferation effects of SM on MCF-7 cells and A549 cells are mediated via the decreased expression and dephosphorylation of pRB by p21 up-regulation in a p53-dependent manner. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report upon the molecular mechanisms involved in SM-induced tumor cell growth inhibition.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2007

Statement of problem. Prior to determining an optimal width of micropatterned grooves provided on titanium substrata, we have done a pilot study using surface topographies in combined microm and submicrom levels. Purpose. The purpose of this study was twofold 1) to assess the proliferation and 2) to analyze the expression of genes encoding the intracellular signaling proteins involved in cell-substratum adhesions and adhesion-dependent G1 phase cell cycle progression of human gingival fibroblasts plated on smooth and microgrooved/acid-etched titanium substrata. Material and methods. Three groups of titanium discs as NE0 (smooth Ti substrata), E15 (Ti substrata with microgrooves of $15{\mu}m$ of spacing and $3.5{\mu}m$ in depth and with further acidetching), and E30 (Ti substrata with microgrooves of $30{\mu}m$ spacing and $3.5{\mu}m$ in depth and with further acid-etching) served as the human gingival fibroblasts' substrata. Viability and proliferation of fibroblasts were determined using an XTT assay. Gene expressions of fibronectin, ${\alpha}5$ integrin, CDK4, and $p27^{kip}$ were analyzed in RT-PCR. Cell-substratum interactions were analyzed in SEM. Results. From the XTT assay at 24 h incubation, the mean optical density (OD) value of E15 was significantly greater than the values of E30 and NE0. At 48 and 96 h however, the mean OD values of E30 were significantly greater than the values of E15 and NE0. No differences in the expression of PCR transcripts at 96 h incubations were noted between groups, whereas at 48 h, an unexpected increase in the expression of all the transcripts were noted in E15 compared with other two groups. Fibroblasts were observed to orient and adhere inside the microgrooves. Conclusion. Micropatterned grooves and acid-etching on Ti substrata alter viability and gene expression of adhered human gingival fibroblasts.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 1999

The principle of guided tissue regeneration (GTR), as applied to bone healing, is based on the prevention of connective tissue from entering the bony defect during the healing phase. This allows the slower bone producing cells to migrate into and reproduce bone within the defect. The principle of guided tissue regeneration has demonstrated a level of success in regenerating bone defect. Several types of membrane barrier, each one with distinct properties, have been utilized to apply this principle in bone regeneration. The purpose of this study is to introduce and discuss the attributes of rubber dam as a barrier membrane and evaluate whether improved bone regeneration can be achieved by GTR using rubber dam. In the 15 New Zealand white rabbits, full-thickness bone defects on three sites of each rabbit calvaria were made. Non membrane group served as a control and experimental group 1 was covered with rubber dam and group 2 covered with Gore-Tex$^{TM}$ membrane. Macroscopic, radiographic, microscopic examinations were made serially on 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 weeks after operation. The results were as follows: 1. Macroscopically, the control site was collapsed and filled with connective tissue throughout the experimental period. But the defects of experimental groups 1 and 2 were filled with bone-like mass and showed the hard consistency on palpation. 2. Radiographically, the early new bone formation appeared similarly from the host bone in groups 1 and 2. 3. Microscopically, there were much connective tissue at the central part of control site but the defect of group 1 and 2 was filled with the mature bony trabeculae on the 12th week. This results suggest that rubber dam can be effectively used as a barrier membrane for guided bone regeneration.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2014

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder related to insulin resistance, obesity, and inflammation. Genetic and environmental factors also contribute to the development of MetS, and through genome-wide association studies (GWASs), important susceptibility loci have been identified. However, GWASs focus more on individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), explaining only a small portion of genetic heritability. To overcome this limitation, pathway analyses are being applied to GWAS datasets. The aim of this study is to elucidate the biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of MetS through pathway analysis. Cohort data from the Korea Associated Resource (KARE) was used for analysis, which include 8,842 individuals (age, $52.2{\pm}8.9years$ ; body mass index, $24.6{\pm}3.2kg/m^2$). A total of 312,121 autosomal SNPs were obtained after quality control. Pathway analysis was conducted using Meta-analysis Gene-Set Enrichment of Variant Associations (MAGENTA) to discover the biological pathways associated with MetS. In the discovery phase, SNPs from chromosome 12, including rs11066280, rs2074356, and rs12229654, were associated with MetS (p < $5{\times}10^{-6}$), and rs11066280 satisfied the Bonferroni-corrected cutoff (unadjusted p < $1.38{\times}10^{-7}$, Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.05). Through pathway analysis, biological pathways, including electron carrier activity, signaling by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase cascade, PDGF binding, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, and DNA repair, were associated with MetS. Through pathway analysis of MetS, pathways related with PDGF, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and PPAR signaling, as well as nucleic acid binding, protein secretion, and DNA repair, were identified. Further studies will be needed to clarify the genetic pathogenesis leading to MetS.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1999

This research was conducted to estimate waste rates of 69 food items after pre-preparation and amounts of food wastes disposed and it's reduction effect by education in some institutional foodservices for reduction of the food wastes. The result are as follows: 1. The waste rates were 55.40% for sweet corn, 5.73% for potatoes, 19.14% for sweet potatoes, and 33.47% for chestnuts. 2. The waste rates of fruits were 0.21-49.36%. Food items with over 40% waste rate were banana, watermelon, and pineapple. 3. The waste rates of vegetables were 1.14-52.90%. The number of foods with under 10% waste rate were 14 items(red pepper, green pepper, chard, and so on), 10-20% was 9 items(perilla leaf, chinese cabbage, ginger root, and so on), 20-30% was 5 items(root of chinese bellflower, garlic, radish-leaves, burdock, welsh onion-large type), 30-40% was 3 items(shepherd's purse, head lettuce, kale) and over 40% was 3 items(water dropwort, crown daisy, mallow). 4. The waste rates were 24.30% in chicken, 9.53-13.79% in eggs, and 9.30-55.32% in fishes. The waste rates of vegetables and fishes were higher than those of other food groups. 5. There were significantly different in amount of food wastes disposed (g/person/day) to institutional foodservices (hospital＞industrial institution＞ Korean restaurant＞elementary school). The amount of food wastes disposed, especially amount in pre-preparation phase, after education for reduction of food wastes was significantly reduced. Since these study results show significant deviations in food waste rates and education effect, there should be more studies for standard waste rates of each food and systematic education method for reduction of food wastes.