• Title/Summary/Keyword: Horticultural greenhouse

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Effect of IAA and Zeatin Riboside on Plantlet Induction from Leaf Disks of Solanum tuberosum L. and Variation of Regenerated Plants (IAA와 Zeatin Riboside가 감자의 엽절편체로부터의 식물체 유기 및 재분화개체의 변이에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Young-Doo;Boe, Arthur A.
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.459-464
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    • 2001
  • Leaf disks from cultivar 'Kennebec' and one selection line (ND 860-2) were cultured on Murashige-Skoog medium with various combinations of indole acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin riboside. Shoots, roots and callus were induced at various combinations of plant growth regulator levels. The medium containing $3.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA and $4.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ zeatin riboside produced the most plantlets. Rooted regenerants were grown in the greenhouse. The growth of regenerated plants obtained from the MS medium supplemented with $7.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA and $3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ zeatin riboside was significantly greater than those grown from nodal expalnts. In ND 860-2, a leaf chimera with chlorophyll deficient (light yellow) sectors was found in plants regenerated fiom leaf disks (grown on MS medium supplemented with $3.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ IAA and $3.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ zeatin riboside) but not in plants grown from nodal explants. The phenotypic variability was also observed in the tuber number, size and weight.

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Biological Control of Aphids on Pepper in Greenhouses Using Aphidius gifuensis (싸리진디벌을 이용한 하우스고추에서 발생하는 진딧물의 생물적 방제)

  • Chang, Young-Duck;Jeon, Heuong-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.11-19
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    • 2003
  • The life-cycle of the aphid-parasite, Aphidius gifuensis, took 11.9 days at $25^{\circ}C$ and 12.1 days at $30^{\circ}C$. The female appearance rate of A. gifuensis was the best at $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ compared to the other temperatures. Optimum rearing temperature of Aphidius gifuensis was $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ Optimum temperatures for A. gifuensis emergence were $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ with 99.1% and 98.2%, respectively. However the emergence rate of Aphidius gifuensis was 58.8% at $10^{\circ}C$. There was a positive correlation between A. gifuensis adult activity and temperature, but there was a negative correlation between developmental period of Myzus persicae nymph and temperature. Among the pests occurring in pepper greenhouse, dominant species was M. persicae and its density was 6~1,024 per plant. The damaged fruit rate by Helicoverpa assulta was 3.3~53.3%. The number of aphid and mummy in the A. gifuensis released plot were 173.5 and 10 in June, 1.8 and 17 in July, 2000, respectively. The numbers of Aphidius gifuensis were 7.5 and 0.4 in May, 27.1 and 2.1 in June, 2001, respectively. The suppressive effects on M. persicae in A. gifuensis released plot was better than the control plot, but there was no significant difference compared to the pesticide-sprayed plot. The first leaf length and the stem width in the A. gifuensis released plot, the control plot, and the pesticide-sprayed plot were not significantly different, but the A. gifuensis released plot showed the highest yield among the plots.

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Effects of Culture Media and Seawater on Growth and Mineral Concentrations in Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea ) (퉁퉁마디(Salicornia herbacea )의 인공상토 재배 시 해수농도별 생육 및 무기성분 흡수에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Young-Suk;Huh, Moo-Ryong;Park, Joong-Choon
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.342-347
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    • 2001
  • The experiment was carried out to examine the effect of culture media and seawater on growth and mineral concentrations in Glasswort (Salicornia herbacea). Glassworts were grown in a greenhouse with 0, 10, 30 and 90% seawater and with or without nutrient media. The salinity tolerance affected on shoot height and Na, K and Ca concentrations significantly. The shoot height was increased with 10 and 30% seawater concentrations. At the higher seawater concentrations, more Na accumulated in a shoot was obserbed. The application of seawater concentration was effective on increasing Na, Mg, and Fe, concentrations and green leaf area rate and on decreasing K concentration. K/Na ratio of shoot was decreased at high seawater concentration, whereas Na concentrations was lowered at a low seawater concentrations. The mineral concentrations were changed according to the growing season. Na, K and Mg were high in June and Ca and P in September, respectively.

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Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon and Hypocotyl Tissues of Chinese Cabbage (배추의 자엽과 배축 절편체로부터의 식물체 재분화)

  • Kang, Byung-Kook;Lim, Chae-Wan;Chung, Kyu-Hwan;Park, Young-Doo
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.315-319
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    • 2001
  • The study was carried out to develop a simple and efficient system to regenerate plants from cotyledon and hypocotyl tissues of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis cv Seoul). Among the various combinations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) tested, the best shoot induction medium for cotyledon, with 2.67 shoots per explants, contained $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA, $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA and $16.7mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $AgNO_3$. The shoot induction medium with $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA, $5.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA and $16.7mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $AgNO_3$, was best for shoot induction from hypocotyl explants, with 1.87 shoots per explants. After shoot induction, regenerated shoots were excised and rooted on rooting medium. Rooted plantlets were then hardened in the high humidity growth chamber and transplanted to pots, and then grown in the greenhouse. Regenerated plants appeared phenotypically normal and there were no changes in chromosome number.

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Status of Selenium Contents and Effect of Selenium Treatment on Essential Oil Contents in Several Korean Herbs (한국의 몇 가지 허브의 셀레늄 함유량 및 셀레늄 처리가 정유 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Moon Jung;Lee, Gung Pyo;Park, Kuen Woo
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.384-388
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    • 2001
  • The selenium (Se) contents of 20 herbs, harvested in three areas in Korea, were analyzed. Many herbs had no Se. Angelica ($138.4{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), caraway ($167.8{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), chamomile ($116.6{\mu}g \;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), marjoram (158.7 and $132.6{\mu}g\;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW), and oregano ($62.5{\mu}g\;Se{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ FW) accumulated Se as higher concentration compared with other plants. The Se content of herbs was dependent on the species, cultivars and areas. The status of Se uptake by herbs was investigated according to Se concentrations in hydroponics. During four weeks, before harvest of several herbs in greenhouse, sodium selenate ($Na_2SeO_4$) was added to the nutrient solution at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, and $8mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Field-mint accumulated Se too high, but external symptom of Se toxicity was not found. Essential oil content was generally proportionated to treated-Se concentration. The essential oil contents in basil and balm increased two to three times higher by sodium selenate treatment compared to non-treatment, but they did not show any linear relationship between essential oil contents and treated-Se concentration.

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Qualitative Changes in Grafted Cactus Cultivars during Simulated Transportation (모의운송시 접목선인장의 품종별 품질변화)

  • Yoon, Jung-Han;Song, Jong-Eun;Byoun, Hye-Jin;Park, Ju-Hyun;Kim, Young-Ho;Son, Ki-Cheol
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.575-582
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    • 2011
  • This experiment was conducted to study the qualitative changes of grafted cactus after harvest and to examine the decomposition characteristics of pathogenic fungi which occurs or grows during the simulated shipping period. Plant materials with four varieties of Gymnocalycium mihanovichii var. friedrichii including, 'Hukwang', 'Huhong', 'Hwangwol', 'Yeunhwa' and two varieties of Chamaecereus silvestrii f. variegate such as 'Goldcrown' and 'Yellowcrown' were used. During the simulated shipping period, the fresh-weight, bulb diameter, carbon dioxide emission rate, and decomposition rate were observed. The regeneration rate and decomposition rate were observed for the grafted cactuses that were placed in a greenhouse environment with a temperature of $28{\pm}12^{\circ}C$ and humidity of $36{\pm}15.3%$ after 40 days of simulated shipping. There were reductions in the fresh-weight and bulb diameter in every variety as time passed while the carbon dioxide emission rate showed no meaningful difference by each variety. Furthermore, the decomposition rate in the scion was higher than in the stock. According to the analysis of pathogenic fungi by decomposition characteristics, Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. in G. mihanovichii var. friedrichii were found and Alternaria sp., Bipolaris sp., Cladospoirum sp. in C. silvestrii f. variegate were identified. Therefore, to maintain and improve the quality of grafted cactus, it is necessary to analyze the factors of decomposition from the time of harvest until the point of export and develop a process technology to minimize the decomposition rate.

Influence of $Ca^{++}$ Treatment on Growth and Mineral Elements of Cool-Season Turfgrass Species ($Ca^{++}$ 처리가 한지형 잔디의 생육 및 무기성분 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Seong-Kyoo;Kang, Hoon;So, In-Sup
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2002
  • The influence of calcium on the growth of creeping bentgrass 'Penn-Al', perennial ryegrass 'Palmer II', Kentuckuy bluegrass 'Nassou' and tall fescue 'Boonsai 2000' in greenhouse was investigated. Creeping bentgrass 'Penn-A1', Kentucky bluegrass 'Nassou' and tall fescue 'Boonsai 2000' at Ca 4.0 me/L, and perennial ryegrass 'Palmer II' at Ca 2.0 me/L showed the best shoot growth. Creeping bentgrass 'Penn-A1', perennial ryegrass 'Palmer II' and Kentucky bluegrass 'Nassou' at Ca 1.0 me/L, and tall fescue 'Boonsai 2000' at Ca 4.0 me/L showed the best root growth, and there was little or no difference between different Ca concentrations. Creeping bentgrass 'Penn-Al' and Kentucky bluegrass 'Nassou' at Ca 4.0 mea, and perennial ryegrass 'Palmer II' at Ca 1.0 me/L had the highest number of tillers, and tall fescue 'Boonsai 2000' at Ca 4.0 me/L had the highest, but there was no difference between different Ca concentrations. As application rate of Ca concentration became higher, the concent of Ca in plant tissue increased, while the content of Mg in plant tissue decreased, and the content of Fe in plant tissue increased to Ca 4.0 me/L. The Ca treatment had not effect on N, p, K, and Zn of tissue content. The wick pot applied will be to research of plant nutrition in future because utilization of wick pot has an excellent precision and convenience.

Breeding of ‘Gommany’ Cultivar of Gomchwi with Disease Resistant, High Quality, and Yield (고품질 내병 다수성 곰취 신품종 ‘곰마니’ 육성)

  • Suh, Jong Taek;Yoo, Dong Lim;Kim, Ki Deog;Lee, Jong Nam;Kwon, Young Seok;Kim, Won Bae
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.625-629
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    • 2016
  • A new Gomchwi cultivar ‘Gommany’ was bred by crossing between Gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.) and Handaeri-gomchwi (Ligularia fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai). The selection and investigation of growth and yield characteristics were conducted from 2006 to 2011 in field and greenhouse of Highland Agriculture Research Institute, NICS, Rural Development Administration. The color of petiole ear was purple. Petiole trichome existed, but light of leaf back did not. Density of leaf vein was 5 degree in a newly developed cultivar ‘Gommany’. Plant height, leaf length, leaf width and petiole length were 47.7, 16.3, 21.2, and 31.4 ㎝, respectively in the 3 year of growth characteristics. Plant size was also higher than that of ‘Gondalbi’. Bolting and flowering time were Aug. 5 and Sept. 10, respectively. In contrast, Bolting time of ‘Gondalbi’ showed 25 days quite earlier bolting time compared to ‘Gommany’, Which led to earlier flowering time. ‘Gommany’ showed higher number of leaves (138) per plant compared to ‘Gondalbi’ (130). Furthermore, yield was 97% higher in ‘Gommany’ (1,575 g/plant) than in ‘Gondalbi’ (798 g/plant). ‘Gommany’ showed higher leaf thickness (0.69㎜) than ‘Gonalbi’ (0.46 ㎜), and consequently showed more hardness in leaf characteristics (24.3 ㎏/㎠) compared to ‘Gondalbi’ (23.0㎏/㎠). ‘Gommany’ showed higher resistance in the susceptibility of powdery mildew compared to ‘Gondalbi’. ‘Gommany’ cultivar was registered as a novel variety with number 90 in The Minister of the Korea Forest Service on December 2015.

2 Cropping systems using field crops in unheated plastic house at paddy field

  • Shin, Jung-Ho;Moon, Jin-Young;Song, Jae-Ki;Choi, Yong-Jo;Hong, Kwang-Pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.279-279
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    • 2017
  • In Korea, the single span unheated plastic house cultivated crops from autumn to spring of the following year, removed the plastic film and frame, cultivated rice, set up a plastic house again and cultivated crops. The crops in the greenhouse are utilized mainly for the production of leaf vegetables such as lettuce, leek, and fruit vegetables such as strawberry, watermelon, oriental melon, etc. and raising high income. Because, the production of these crops has characteristics requiring a lot of labor and it is difficult to produce horticultural crops at unheated plastic houses as the rural population ages. Therefore, we conducted a test to develop a crop planting system to cultivate crops in single span unheated plastic houses, although the utilization of labor is less than that of horticultural crops. The prior cropping cultivated three cultivars of sweet potatoes early, the second produced cultivated sweet potatoes, corn and soybeans. In the cultivation of the previous cropping, the sweet potatoes were harvested on the 113th day after planting on March 30th, the yield was 822 kg/10a for Pungwonmi, 1,377 kg/10a for Jinhongmi, 1,483 kg/10a for the Dahomi. Because of differences, the yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was less than that other cultivars and the yield of open field cultivations, we will expect further research. In the cultivation of the succeeding crops sweet potatoes were planted on July 27 and harvested 110 days later and investigated. The product yield of Pungwonmi cultivar was 1,024 kg/10a, and the Jinhongmi, Dahomi cultivars were not at economic level for sale and were necessary to review. In succeeding-crops, corn tested the Ilmichal cultivar, seeded on 27th July, harvested on October 11th. The day of silking was 45 days after sowing, the yield was 1,156 kg/10a, the goods rate was 100% level. The beans in the succeeding cultivation crop were sowed on 27th July, the early maturing of the varieties coming to Hwangeumol and Saeol cultivar, on 17th October, the late maturing soybean Daewonkong cultivar were harvested on October 21st. The yield of early maturing two cultivars was 214 kg/10a, Daewonkong was 257 kg/10a, and 100 seeds weight which were more than the early maturing beans were also heavy. When calculating these incomes price-wise according to the harvest time, we were able to consider the income in the order of corn, sweet potato and soybean from the second term crop. Various studies such as varieties, mulching method, moisture management, control environment management, etc. are considered necessary to develop cropping systems with sweet potato and field crops in future unheated plastic house.

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Effect of Two Male Cultivars of Asparagus with Low Temperature Treatment on Bud Breaking and Spear Growth (아스파라거스 두 전웅 품종의 저온처리에 따른 휴면 타파와 순의 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Jeong Hyun;Bae, Jong Hyang;Ku, Yang Gyu
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.141-145
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    • 2013
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two male cultivars of asparagus with low different chilling periods on bud breaking, relative spear growth rate, shoot number and yield. Four-month-old plants of two male cultivars of asparagus were dried to impose dormancy and placed in a coldroom at $5^{\circ}C$ to satisfy the chilling requirement for 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. After the specified chilling time, the pots were placed in greenhouse. The results showed that mean days to bud break of 'Jersey Giant' significantly decreased with an increasing chilling period from 0 to 6 weeks, but 'Jersey Supreme' was not affected. The relative spear growth rate of 'Jersey Supreme' was significantly stimulated by chilling compared to non-chilled plants. Shoot production and total spear weight of 'Jersey Supreme' tended to be greater than 'Jersey Giant' irrespective of chilling treatments. Following low temperature treatment, 'Jersey Supreme' showed shorter dormant period than 'Jersey Giant', faster growth of spear. The present study showed that asparagus male cultivar at duration of chilling treatment had an affirmative effect on bud breaking, spear growth rates, shoot number and yield of asparagus.