• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of postural control training using a horseback riding simulation on the spinal alignment of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 children with cerebral palsy at levels I~IV in the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and they were randomly divided into a control group and a hippotherapy group. Both the control group and the experimental group received NDT for 30 minutes per session, four times per week for ten weeks, while the experimental group also received hippotherapy 15 minutes per session, four times per week for ten weeks, after the neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). The horseback riding simulators (JOBA, EU7805, Panasonic) used in this study simulated actual horse movements. Trunk imbalance, pelvic torsion, and pelvic tilt were measured in each group before the exercise and five weeks and ten weeks after the beginning of the exercise using a spinal structure analysis system (ABW Mapper). Results: The Intra-group effects on trunk imbalance, pelvic torsion, and pelvic tilt according to the exercise periods after the hippotherapy were tested, and the results showed significant interaction effects between the groups and the periods (p<0.05). Conclusion: The horseback riding simulation exercise was shown to be effective for the spinal alignment of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, additional studies should be conducted with more children with CP divided by type.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.269-273
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of using a horseback riding simulation on static balance in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 children with cerebral palsy at levels I~IV in the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), who were randomly divided into a control group and a hippotherapy group. Both the control group and the experimental group received NDT for 30 minutes per session, four times per week, for ten weeks, while the experimental group also received hippotherapy, 15 minutes per session, four times per week, for ten weeks, after the neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). The horseback riding simulators JOBA (JEU7805, Panasonic, 일본) used in this study simulated actual horse movements; static balance was measured in each group before the exercise and five weeks and ten weeks after the beginning of the exercise using a pedoscan system (Diers Pedo, Germany). Results: The intergroup effects on static balance were tested, and the results showed no significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion: The horseback riding simulation exercise was shown to be effective for the static balance of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, additional studies should be conducted with more children with CP divided according to type.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of heel-raise-lower exercise on spasticity, strength, and gait speed after the application of tapingin patients with stroke. Design: Randomized controlled study Methods: The participants were randomly divided into the heel raise-lower exercise+taping (HREx+T) group and the heel raise-lower exercise (HREx) group, with 20 participants assigned to each group. Both groups performed heel lifting exercise 100 times a day 5 times a week for 6 weeks. HREx+T group additionally applied taping to the plantar flexor muscles. The spasticity of the ankle plantar flexors was measured using the composite spasticity score. A handheld dynamometer and a 10-m walk test were used to measure plantar flexor strength and gait speed, respectively. Results: Spasticity was significantly more improved in the HREx+T group than in the HREx group (p<0.05). Similarly, plantar flexor strength was significantly more improved in the HREx+T group than in the HREx group (p<0.05). Moreover, participants assigned to the HREx+T group showed significantly greater improvement in gait speed than those in the HREx group(p<0.05). Conclusions: Thus, heel-raise-lower training combined with taping may be used to improve the spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed in stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.344-349
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether sit to stand training combined with ultrasound improves the spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed in stroke patients Design: Randomized controlled study Methods: The current study included 40 stroke patients, who were randomly divided into two groups: the sit to stand training with ultrasound (USTS) group (n=20) and the sit to stand training (STS) group (n=20). All the participants underwent 30 sessions of STS training (thirty minutes, five days per week for six weeks). Additionally, the USTS group received ultrasound therapy. The present study evaluated the spasticity of ankle plantar-flexors by the composite spasticity score. The muscle strength and gait speed were evaluated using the handheld dynamometer and the 10-meter walk test, respectively. Results: The USTS group and the STS group showed significant improvements in spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed after the intervention (p<0.05). Significant improvement in the spasticity, muscle strength, and gait speed were observed in the USTS group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the current study imply that sit to stand training combined with ultrasound is a beneficial and effective therapeutic modality that can be employed to improve the spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed in stroke patients.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of horseback riding exercise for BMI(body mass index) and waist circumference in the obese women. Method : 20 subjects in Y-equestrian were randomly divided two group, horseback machine exercise(HME) group and horseback-riding exercise(HRE) group. Each group carried out 30 minutes exercise two times a week for 8 weeks. BMI were measured for body composition, and evaluation of waist circumference. Result : The results were as follows, the BMI(body mass index) between horseback machine exercise and horseback-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). The waist circumference between horseback machine exercise and horseback-riding exercise groups in post-test, were significantly different in measures(p<.05). And there were significant in two group after exercise(p<.05). Conclusion : These finding revealed that horseback-riding exercise was effective on BMI and waist circumrerence of obese women so that these exercise can be new altematives exercise for obesity management in the obese women.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.20-27
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• 2022

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether balance training combined with light touch improves the postural sway and gait speed in stroke patients. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Study Methods: The current study included 40 stroke patients, who were randomly divided into two groups: the balance training with light touch (LT) group (n=20) and the balance training with heavy touch (HT) group (n=20). Both groups performed balance training on a stable and unstable ground. Additionally, the LT group provided light touch stimulation, and the HT group provided heavy touch stimulation. All the participants underwent 20 sessions of STS training (thirty minutes, five days per week for four weeks). In this study, postural sway was measured using a force platform, and walking speed was measured using a 10 meter walk test. Results: The improvements in postural sway and gait speed were observed to be significantly greater in the LT group, compared to the HT group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the current study imply that balance training combined with light touch is a beneficial and effective therapeutic modality that can be employed to improve the postural sway and gait speed in stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of taping techniques on menstrual pain, body temperature, and menstrual symptoms in women of reproductive age. Methods: This study targeted 40 female students enrolled at G university with menstrual pain rated above 5 on the visual analog scale (VAS). The participants were randomly assigned to four groups: the Kinesio taping, spiral taping, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and control groups. The intervention was applied one day after the onset of menstruation, and menstrual pain, menstrual symptoms, and body temperature were measured before the intervention and 24 hours after the intervention application. We measured menstrual pain using the VAS. Additionally, we evaluated menstrual symptoms using the menstruation symptom scale and measured body temperature of the abdomen and feet using digital infrared thermal imaging. Results: After the intervention, all three experimental groups showed significant improvement in menstrual pain and menstrual symptoms compared to the control group, and there was no significant difference among the three groups. After applying Kinesio taping, there was a slight decrease in the temperature difference between the abdomen and feet, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that kisesio and spiral taping have similar effects as with anti-inflammatory medication in relieving menstrual pain and menstrual symptoms. Taping can be considered as an effective method to replace medications in order to alleviate menstrual pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.119-130
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine, by conducting a 10 week hippotherapy, the effects on the physical, cognitive and psychological factors of children with intellectual disabilities. METHODS: As an intervention method, intervention was based on a program from the American Hippotherapy Association and was modified and enhanced. 16 children with intellectual disabilities was conducted horse riding intervention program and Intervention was conducted once a week for a total of 10 weeks with each session lasting 30 minutes. A doctor of rehabilitation medical treatment of D rehabilitation center, physical therapist and occupational therapist evaluated the upper limbs test, balance, gait function, Korea-mini mental state examination (MMSE) before and after hippotherapy intervention. Self-esteem scale and aggression scale was evaluated by Psychology Counseling of C psychological clinic before and after hippotherapy intervention. RESULTS: The results of this study reveal that first, there was a positive effect. Second, statistically significant differences were found in BBS, TUG, K-MMSE, 10m walking test, 6 min walking test, self-esteem scale and aggression scale (p<.05). However no statistically significant differences were found in upper limbs function and good balance analysis before and after intervention. CONCLUSION: The hippotherapy is effective way to improve the physical, cognitive and psychological factors of children with intellectual disability.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.323-329
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• 2023

Peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PB-MSCs) have shown promise in cell-based therapy, as they can be harvested with ease through minimally invasive procedures. This study aimed to isolate PB-MSCs from foals and mares and to compare the proliferation and cellular characteristics of the PB-MSCs between the two groups. Six pairs of mares and their foals were used in this study. MSCs were isolated from PB by direct plating in a tissue culture medium, and cell proliferation (population doubling time [PDT], and colony-forming unit-fibroblast assay [CFU-F]), and characterization (morphology, plastic adhesiveness, colony formation, trilineage differentiation) were examined. There was no significant difference in the PB-MSC yield, CFU-F, and PDT between the mares and foals. PB-MSCs from both mares and foals showed typical MSC characteristics in terms of spindle-shaped morphology, plastic adhesive properties, formation of colonies, trilineage differentiation. These results suggest that PB-MSCs isolated from horses, both adult horses, and foals, can be used for equine cell-based therapy.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.157-171
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• 2010

This study aimed to investigate the effect of four common types of Qigong position (standing, sitting, supine, and horse-riding position) on the autonomic nervous system. Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study once a week for four weeks. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was measured three times (before, during, and after the position) while the subject maintained one of four positions for ten minutes. There were significant changes in HRV components compared with EEG power spectra in the standing position. Especially, the ratio of low-to-high frequency (LF/HF) which represents a state of balance of autonomic nervous system was increased. In the sitting position, $\beta$ wave which reflects a state of alert consciousness was increased and both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves were activated. On the other hand, in the spine position, $\theta$ wave which signifies a state of relaxation was increased and heart rate (HR) was decreased. Activation of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves was also observed in this position. Significant increases of indices related to awakening and concentration were observed accompanied by increase of HR and a sympathetic nerve was activated in the riding-horse position. In the present study, it was shown that each Qigong position caused various and significant changes in autonomic nervous system. It would be expected that these results can be applied in the choice of appropriate Qigong position according to objective of Qigong therapy although it is remained to further evaluate the effects of long-term maintenance of Qigong positions and repeated Qigong training.