• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

GRP pipe (Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic Pipe) lines making use of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) are generally thinner, lighter, and stronger than the existing concrete or steel pipe lines, and it is excellent in stiffness/strength per unit weight. In this study, we present the result of field test for buried GRP pipes with large diameter(2,400mm). The vertical and horizontal ring deflections are measured for 387 days. The short-term deflection measured by the field test is compared with the result predicted by the Iowa formula. In addition, the long-term ring deflection is predicted by using the procedure suggested in ASTM D 5365(ANNEX) in the range of 40 to 60 years of service life of the pipe based on the experimental results. From the study, it was found that the long-term vertical and horizontal ring deflection up to 60 years is less than the 5% ring deflection limitation.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2004

Machining error is defined the normal distance between designed surface and actual tool path with tool deflection. This is inevitably caused by the tool deflection, tool wear, thermal effect and machine tool errors and so on. Among these factors, tool deflection is usually known as the most significant factor of machining error. Tool deflection problem is analyzed using Instantaneous horizontal cutting forces. The high quality and precision of machining products are required in finishing. In order to achieve these purposes, it is necessary work that decrease the machining error. This paper presents a study on the machining error caused by the tool deflection in ball end milling of 2 dimensional surface. Tool deflection model and simple machining error prediction model are described. This model is checked the validity with machining experiments of 2 dimensional surface. These results may be used to decrease machining error and tool path decision.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2023

This study performed a structural performance evaluation of a system scaffolding for elevator installation work developed in previous studies. The structural performance was evaluated via a structural test conducted to apply the working load specified in the design standard. The deflection of the horizontal member and the stress of each member constituting the system scaffolding were measured. Consequently, the structural safety evaluation including structural behavior and required performance was performed using the deflection and stresses measured from the structural test. The structural test and safety evaluation results based on the heavy working load corresponding to the design load indicated that the deflection, which is the performance criterion of the horizontal member, did not exceed the allowable value. Further, each member's stress, which is a safety evaluation indicator, did not exceed the allowable strength for both horizontal and vertical members with bending behavior and fordable bracing with tensile behavior, while also satisfying the required safety factor. In addition, the results confirmed the safety against deformation, partial damage, and destruction owing to excessive and maximum load. Therefore, the system scaffolding developed in this study satisfies both the structural performance and safety required by the design standards; thus, it can be applied to elevator installation work sites.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2005년도 International Meeting on Information Displayvol.I
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• pp.732-736
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• 2005

Discussion of this study is that a horizontal deflection system satisfactory of operating at horizontal scan rates from 30KHz to 50KHz has been developed. It will be used in the large-area, color, high-resolution and multi-sync rear-projection CRT display device. Its characters, including the description, analysis and deflection circuit loss, are presented.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.387-395
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• 1998

In general, the laminated rubber bearing (LRB), a composite structure laminated with the elastic rubber and steel plates, has a complex hysteretic nonlinear characteristics in relationships between the restoring force and shear deflection. The representative nonlinear characteristics of LRB include the change of hysteresis loop with cyclic shear deflections and the hardening effects at large shear deflection regions. Changes of the hysteresis loop of LRB with cyclic shear deflections affect the horizontal stiffness and the damping characteristics. The hardening behavior of LRB in large shear deflection region results in an increased horizontal stiffness and therefore, has a great impacton the seismic responses. In this paper, the seismic response analysis is carried out using the modified hysteretic bi-linear model of LRB, which takes into account the hysteresis loop change and the hardening behavior with cyclic shear deflection. The results on seismic responses are compared with those obtained using the widely used hysteretic hi-linear model. The new model is found to reveal the greater amount of peak acceleration response.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.721-733
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• 1994

Orthodontic tooth movement is closely related to the stress on the periodontal tissue. In this research the finite element method was used to observe the stress distribution and to find the best condition for effective tooth movement in the case of unilateral molar expansion. The author constructed the model of lower dental arch of average Korean adult and used $.032'\times.032'\times60mm$ TMA wire. The wire was deflected in the horizontal and vertical direction to give the 16 conditions. The following results were obtained ; 1. When the moment and force were controlled properly the movement of anchor tooth was minimized and the movement of moving tooth was maximized. 2. As the initial horizontal deflection increased the buccal displacement of both teeth was also increased. As the initial horizontal deflection increased the lingual movement of anchor tooth and the buccal movement of moving tooth increased. 3. When the initial horizontal and vertical deflection rate was 1.5 the effective movement of moving tooth was observed with minimal displacement of anchor tooth.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2004

절개사면에 설치된 앵커지지 흙막이벽의 설계법을 확립하기 위해서는 흙막이벽체 및 배면지반의 변형거동을 규명할 필요가 있다 따라서, 본 연구에서는 아파트 신축부지 절개사면의 보강을 위해 앵커지지 흙막이벽과 억지말뚝이 설치된 사면을 대상으로 계측을 수행하였다. 굴착단계별 앵커설치시 흙막이벽의 수평변위는 감소하고 상대적으로 배면지반의 변형은 증가하는 경향이 있다. 앵커력 도입시 흙막이벽의 수평변위는 전반적으로 감소하며, 앵커의 인장력은 흙막이벽의 변형에는 큰 영향을 미치지만 배면지반의 변형에 미치는 영향은 크지 않았다. 흙막이벽의 최대수평 변위는 굴착깊이의 $1~4\%$사이에 발생하며, 암반굴착면을 갖는 배면수평면인 앵커지지 흙막이벽의 최대수평변위보다 $2\~8$배정도 크게 발생된다. 한편, SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램을 이용하여 앵커지지 흙막이벽의 사면안정효과를 검토하였으며, 사면안정해석시 앵커지지 흙막이말뚝에 작용하는 측방토압은 배면수평면인 앵커지지 흙막이벽에 적용하는 경험토압의 평균값이 적용가능하다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1889-1894
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• 2012

바톰애쉬와 현장발생토사를 혼합한 유동성뒤채움재를 이용하여 실내모형실험을 수행하였다. 실내모형실험은 현장조건을 최대한 유사하게 모사하여 시공단계를 고려하여 실시하였다. 모형실험결과 뒤채움재 타설과정시 발생하는 최대수직변위는 4.43mm~6.6mm, 최대수평변위는 5.49mm~15.9mm로 나타났다. 하중재하시 최대 수직 변위는 2.41mm~8.69mm이고 최대 수평 변위는 3.02mm~4.25mm로 측정되었다. 하중을 제거한 후의 잔류변형은 수직방향 1.40mm~5.93mm, 수평방향 1.66mm~2.53mm로 나타났다. 동일한 크기의 하중재하시 일반모래뒤채움에 비해 유동성 뒤채움재의 수직 및 수평변위가 작게 나타났다. 유동성뒤채움의 경우 수평토압 경감효과가 크게 나타났다. 또한, 지표침하량의 경우 모래에 비해 유동성 뒤채움재에서 크게 경감되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.120-130
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• 2000

A flow uniformity in a duct cooler of duct system of FGD(Flue Gas Desulfurization) linking a reheater and a absorber has been investigated in the present study. For this purpose, the flow characteristics according to the geometry of a vertical and horizontal vane in a curved duct of the duct system has been examined with the aid of a numerical simulation. The results indicate that the vertical vane with a little deflection toward a recirculation region makes the flow distribution in the duct cooler more uniform than that without deflection, and horizontal vane does not effect the change of the flow distribution for an angle of inclination. The mean flow uniform factor shows its maximum for duct system without the vane(case NP) and its minimum for the vertical vane with a little deflection(case P-0.8-0) .

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.158-166
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• 1996

In this study, a flexible disk grinding process is applied in order to produce high precision product. A new model was developed considering feed motion along horizontal and vertical direction. Different types of feed speed variation was tested with respect to distinct process stages in order to achieve flat surface. It was observed that highest order polynomial form for both horizontal and vertical feed speed variation among the proposed categories produced surface close to flat one. Disk deflection trend during the process was visualized confirming the proposed scheme. Cutting force and VRR(volume removal rate) was observed as an aid to process planning.