• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2008

To select of optimum rice species and germanium (Ge) application method for production of functional rice with Ge, the growth characteristics, Ge absorption and grain quality of rice plant were investigated under different rice species (Hopyungbyeo, Junambyeo, Ilmeebyeo and Dongjinbyeo) and Ge application method (soil application and foliar spray). The rice yield by soil application was higher in the order of Hopyungbyeo $\fallingdotseq$ Junambyeo > Ilmeebyeo >> Dongjinbyeo. On the other hand, the rice yield by foliar spray was higher in the order of Junambyeo >> Ilmeebyeo > Dongjinbyeo > Hopyungbyeo. The rice yield by soil application was higher than that by foliar spray regardless of rice species. For soil application, the Ge absorption in various parts of the rice was higher in the other of rice bran > brown rice > polished rice regardless of rice species. The Ge absorption of brown rice in Hopyungbyeo, Ilmeebyeo, Dongjinbyeo and Junambyeo by soil application was 14.5, 8.0, 11.6 and $10.4\;mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. In leaf, stem and root, the Ge absorption by foliar spray was higher than that by soil application, whereas, in rice bran, brown rice and polished rice, the Ge absorption by soil application was higher than that by foliar spray. The optimum rice species and Ge application method were demonstrated to be Hopyungbyeo and soil application, respectively, which provided suitable conditions for production of functional rice with Ge.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2010

In order to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of germanium (Ge), the growth characteristics, Ge uptake, and grain quality of rice plant (Hopyungbyeo) were investigated under different germanium ($GeO_2$, and commercial Ge) treatments in paddy field. Phytotoxicity was detected in $GeO_2$ treatment but not in commercial Ge treatment. The grain yield was greater in the order of control treatment > commercial Ge treatment > $GeO_2$ treatment. The dry weight was greater in order of control treatment > $GeO_2$ treatment ${\geq}$ commercial Ge treatment. The Ge content of leaf in $GeO_2$ treatment was 6 times (177 mg $m^{-2}$) higher than that in commercial Ge treatment. The Ge content in rice bran was not different in $GeO_2$, and commercial Ge treatments. The Ge contents of brown rice in$GeO_2$, and commercial treatments were 40.9, and 31.1 mg $kg^{-1}$, respectively. The Ge uptake rates in rice plant was higher in the order of leaf > rice bran > brown rice > stem > root. Under $GeO_2$, 15.56% of Ge absorbed into plant with 11.1% in leaf, 1.6% in stem, 0.03% in root, 2.2% in rice bran and 0.73% in brown rice. Under commercial Ge treatment, 5.19% of Ge absorbed into plant with 1.8% in leaf, 0.46% in stem, 0,01% in root, 2.2% in rice bran, and 0.71% in brown rice. Based on these results, the Ge contents in polished rice in commercial Ge treatment were higher than those in $GeO_2$ treatment. However, the Ge contents of rice grain (containing rice bran and polished rice) in $GeO_2$ treatment were higher than those in commercial Ge treatment.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2008

The growth characteristics and the Germanium (Ge) uptake of rice plant (Hopyungbyeo) in soil with Ge were investigated under different soil textures to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of Ge. This study was carried out in the Wagner pot ($15,000^{-1}a$). Ge concentration in soils such as clay loam, silt loam, loam and sandy loam for rice plant cultivation was treated at $8mg\;kg^{-1}$. The growth status of rice plant was almost similar in all soil texture, and rice yield was higher in the order of silt loam > clay loam > loam > sandy loam. In rice bran, the Ge uptakes in silt loam, clay loam, loam and sandy loam were 980, 868, 754 and $803{\mu}g\;pot^{-1}$, respectively. The Ge uptakes of brown rice and polish rice were greater in the order of silt loam > sandy loam > clay loam > loam. In silt loam, the Ge uptake rates in leaf, stem, root, rice bran and brown rice were 19.7, 2.3, 0.03, 3.1 and 0.44%, respectively. Therefore, under the given experimental condition the optimum soil texture for production of functional rice with Ge is a silt loam.