Purpose: This study aimed to validate instruments to classify the frailty of Korean elderly people in community. Methods: For this study, 632 elders were selected from community-based elderly houses and home visiting registries, and data on frailty were collected using three instruments during November, 2008. The Korean Frail Scale (KFS) was composed of 10 domains with the maximum score of 20. The Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) had 10 domains with the maximum score of 17. The 25_Japan Frail Scale (25_JFS) was composed of 6 domains with the maximum score of 25. Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) of ROC were measured to see validity with long.term care insurance grade as a gold standard. Results: The Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .72 for KFS, .55 for EFS, and .80 for 25_JFS. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 70.0%, 83.2%, and .83, respectively, at cutting point 10.5 for the KFS, 50.0%, 80.9%, and .66, respectively, at 8.5 for EFS, and 80.0%, 85.9%, and .86, respectively, at 12.5 for 25_JFS. Conclusion: KFS and three JFS showed favorable internal consistency and predictive validity. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm predictive validity.
This study aimed to aimed to obtain some basis data for the housing consultation and information about housing through survey of needs for the housing consultation. Respondents were housewives from 395 households living in Seoul area. Questionnaire was used for survey and the collected data were classified by two items such as types of residence and age of housewives. The survey was performed during two weeks in September 1997 and analyzed by frequency mean and percentage using SAS program The finding are as follows; (1) According to the actual conditions of housing consultation the main source of information related to housing was a newspaper Those who had experience detached house had much more opportunities than those of multi-family house. The most frequent agency for housing consultation was a realty dealer showing 65.8%. However the percentage of visiting permanent housing exhibition centers was high among the people aged 20 to 30, noted 20.4%. (2) Level of understanding housing consultation showed 3.45 points among 5. This result indicated that the service system of housing consultation were required. Architects and interior designers were most preferred as specialists whom the respondents wanted to consult with . As to the contents of consultation the most required item was changing of interior space(22.6%). In case the housing information leaflet is sold the respondents were willing to pay 523 won for each of it. (3) Among leaflets related to various information leaflets about housing purchase were most preferred(21.0%) According to the result of the survey the need for the information about housing purchase indicated higher preference than about housing management. The fact could be thought that consumers' consciousness of housing should be changed. Therefore it is desirable to lead consumers to lengthen the expected life span of their house and value happiness of the house by providing them with consulting systems about housing management throug housing consultation materials and development of its programs.
Purpose. This study compares and analyzes customer service on customer satisfaction and customer royalty on customer satisfaction targeting the customers visiting a hospital or a clinic which is franchised or not. And it aims at helping business rationalization for a medical institution. Methods. This paper conducts a survey and selects a sample of 670 customers except the missing value targeting the customers of 4 primary health care institutions and 4 bigger health care institutions in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. It conducts frequency analysis for the purpose of investigating the respondents' generic characteristic and factor of their medical institution selection, and factor analysis, reliability analysis and regression analysis for the hypothesis testing. Results. The first hypothesis testing result is significant in level of significance of 0.01. The second one is the same as the first one, but the dummy variable shows a negative regression coefficient(-0.479). The third one is significant in level of significance of 0.01, but the forth one is not significant. And the respondents prioritize website(Home page) and convenience in use of a hospital procedure for selecting a hospital or a clinic. Conclusions. The additional analysis finds that the franchised group has more satisfaction than none franchised group. But in case of their royalty, the average of franchised and none franchised groups are not significantly different. Therefore, the results of this paper reveal to support the results of the advanced researches.
The objective of this study was to present the proper probability distribution model based on the data obtained from surveys on domestic refrigerator food storage temperatures in home. Domestic refrigerator temperatures were determined as risk factors in foodborne disease outbreaks for microbial risk assessment (MRA). The temperature was measured by directly visiting 139 homes using a data logger from May to September of 2009. The overall mean temperature for all the refrigerators in the survey was $3.53{\pm}2.96^{\circ}C$, with 23.6% of the refrigerators measuring above $5^{\circ}C$. Probability distributions were also created using @RISK program based on the measured temperature data. Statistical ranking was determined by the goodness of fit (GOF, i.e., the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) or Anderson-Darling (AD) test) to determine the proper probability distribution model. This result showed that the LogLogistic (-10.407, 13.616, 8.6107) distribution was found to be the most appropriate for the MRA model. The results of this study might be directly used as input variables in exposure evaluation for conducting MRA.
The purpose of this study was to research healthy food behavior and food recognition for each Asian country after subjects had visited Asian restaurants. The subjects of the study were university students from Griffith university and Queensland university, Australia. The survey was conducted from June 1 to 28, 2010. The summary of the analysis is as follows. Firstly, for dietary behavior related to healthy food, 'average' was the most common answer at 41.0% (102 respondents). Regarding the standard of selecting healthy food, 'if it is good for health' was the most common answer, regarding the reasons to like healthy food, 'because it is good for health', was the most common, and for information about healthy food, 'obtain from TV or media' was the most common. Regarding eating healthy food at home or dining out, most respondents answered 'once or twice a week', whereas regarding thinking of eating healthy food while dining out, 'average' was the most common answer. Secondly, the recognition of six Asian cuisines were ranked in the order of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Thai, Indian, and Vietnamese. Representative well-being food by country, Bibimbap of Korea, Sushi of Japan, Shark's Fin of China, Tom Yum Kung of Thailand, Curry of India and Goi Cuon of Vietnam were selected. Thirdly, regarding recognition of well-being food, disease effect factor, health-oriented factor, nutrition factor and vegetarian diet factor were extracted. We found that disease effect factor and nutrition factor had positive (+) effects on visiting Asian restaurants due to recognition of well-being foods. Therefore, it is expected that more local people will eat at Asian restaurants if the public relations for Asian restaurants emphasizes harmony between well-being food and Asian food.
Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
/
v.5
no.1
/
pp.15-20
/
2007
Purpose: To analyze the general characteristics and clinical aspects of the organochlorine intoxicated patients in Korea. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the organochlorine intoxicated patients visiting to the 38 emergency medical centers in Korea from the 1, Aug. 2005 to the 31, Jul. 2006. Results: There were 38 patients intoxicated by the organochlorine during the study periods. The mean age of patients was 55.1 years old. The mean amount of the organochlorine intoxicated is 246.1 mL. The most frequent place where the patients got and took the organochlorine was their home. Twenty eight patients(73.7%) intended to suicide. Nine patients out of 38 patients(23.7%) were died and they all intended to suicide. Conclusion: There were 38 patients intoxicated by the organochlorine during the study periods. The suicidal attempts and the number of the dead were higher in Korea than the developed countries.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a community-based nursing center model that can provide health promotion for infants and toddlers as well as a research and practice site for nursing faculty and students. Methods: Review of current health care system and health promotion programs, and workshops with brain-storming were carried out to identify needy areas of services to be provided by the nursing center. Finally, the community nursing center model was developed through expert consultation and filed visits. Results: The services and programs were developed for infants and toddlers residing in Seoul area. These services and programs include growth and developmental screening, environment and health problem assessment, infant stimulation and parent education, and self-help group. Full-time and part-time staff nurses and nurse practitioners will provide those services and offer home visiting if needed. Database system, health information system, and trainers' training programs were developed as well. Conclusion: The nursing center model developed in this study will ensure clients direct access to nursing care and increase of autonomy and accountability of nursing practices. The nursing center model focused on disease prevention and health promotion will enhance the quality of life of the infants, toddlers and their families as well as to decrease national health care expenditure.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a case management program on range of motion, pain, depression and self efficacy in community-dwelling older women with knee arthritis. Methods: The research design was one-group pre and post-test design with 40 participants with knee arthritis who agreed to participate in the 12-week case management program. Data were collected four times, before and after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences between before and after the service in range of motion, pain, depression and self efficacy. Significant improvements from the baseline to 4 weeks after the service were observed in the measurements of range of motion, pain, depression and self efficacy. There were no significant differences in range of motion, pain and depression between 4 and 12 weeks after the services. Conclusion: This study represents the first effort showing that a case management program can have positive outcomes on range of motion, pain, depression and self efficacy for older women with knee arthritis. More research using a control group pre-post test design considering time lapse is needed in order to examine more accurately the effects of case management programs for knee arthritis.
Jung, Yong-Hui;Hwang, Min-Kyu;Hwang, So-Min;Lim, Kwang-Ryeol;Ahn, Sung-Min;Song, Jennifer Kim
Archives of Plastic Surgery
/
v.38
no.6
/
pp.761-764
/
2011
Purpose: Pediatric facial laceration takes a huge part of patients visiting emergency room and generates social attention for its proper emergency care. So much more attention should be paid to the proper treatment at emergency care unit, and furthermore, thorough survey of background information of the pediatric facial laceration may offer more proper prevention. Methods: According to annual reports of 2009 and 2010, out of 5149 facial laceration patients who were given primary medical care at our clinic, 1452 patients were aged under 15 years old. Retrospective analysis of each pediatric facial lacerations were evaluated according to gender, age, periodic table, cause of injury, place of injury, sites of injury and so on. Results: Pediatric facial laceration was found to occur mostly at 1 year old as they learn to walk and explore their environment. Evaluated analysis revealed that pediatric facial accidents occurred mostly on forehead region (75%), on Sundays, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m., at home (61.5%). Most common cause of injury was collision (54.5%). Conclusion: In large group of pediatric facial laceration cases provided us with an surprising fact that accidents most commonly occur under parental supervision. This fact gives an actual understanding regarding pediatric facial laceration and more realistic approach in its prevention strategy.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the interior color characteristics of elderly housing facilities in U. S. A. For this purpose, a field survey was conducted between July 23 and July 31, 2003, visiting 10 elderly housing facilities in Contra Costa County, California. A three step analysis of the facilities involved. First, floor, walls, ceilings, base boards and doors in common spaces were examined for the color scheme using the "Pantone for Fashion and Home Color Guide" for each room. Measured Pantone numbers were converted to RGB color using "Chooser 3.0 of Pantone, Inc." Finally, the conversions were recorded as Munsell numbers. The results are as follows: First, the colors chosen for American elderly housing are high value and low chromatic colors. In many facilities, analogue colors such as BG, B, BP and Y, YR R, RP are used. Second, the colors of ceiling and wall are mainly very bright and low chromatic colors. The colors of floor are undertaking an Important role by generating major atmosphere in the America elderly housing. Third, the colors used for elderly housing are found inter-related. For example, the main color in the lobby is also used from corridor to stair and used again from lounge to dinning room as a secondary color. Fourth, it is found that accent colors are used at the beginning and end of stair and corridor outskirts in consideration of physical condition of elderly people. Fifth, there is no difference in color selection between elderly housing with low and high rental value. Preferably, more versatile colors are being chosen for elderly housing with the low rental value.he low rental value.
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