• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-23
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• 2002

Purpose: To determine the effect of the Fall Prevention Program(EPP) on gait, balance and muscle strength in elderly women at a nursing home. Method: The subjects of this consisted of 38 elderly women between the ages of 70 to 89 years living at a nursing home located in Seoul. Each of the experimental group and control group was composed of 19 subjects. The subjects in experimental group have participated in FPP for the 8 weeks which consisted of exercise, education and foot care. They started to exercise for 40 minutes per session, 3 sessions a week during the 1st week at 40% of age adjusted maximum heart rate. From the 2nd week to the 4th week, they increased the duration of exercise to 50 minutes per session and the intensity to 60% of age-adjusted maximum heart rate. They participated in 50 minutes at 60% of age-adjusted maximum heart rate from the 5th week to the 8th week. Each exercise session consisted of 10 minutes of warming-up exercise, 30 minutes of conditioning exercise and 10 minutes of cooling-down exercise. They participated in education for 20 minutes per week from the 1st week to the 4th week. Then they participated in a 30-minute foot care program per week from the 5th week to the 8th week. Gait, balance and muscle strength for each subject were measured before and after FPP. Gait was evaluated by step length, step width, gait speed and walking distance. Balance was measured by the duration of standing on one leg with their eyes closed and open each, and a get-up and go test. Grip strength was measured by hand dynamometer. Hip extensor and flexor strength, knee extensor and flexor strength and ankle plantarflexor and dorsiflexor strength were measured by manual muscle tester. Data was analyzed using SPSS form Windows. t-test and Chi square test were utilized as a homogeneity test. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to test the effect of FPP. Result: 1) Step width significantly decreased, and step length, gait speed and walking distance significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group after FPP(p<0.005). 2) There was no significant change in standing time on one leg with their eyes closed after FPP. The standing time on leg with their eyes open and the time of "get-up and go" significantly decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group after FPP(p<0.005). 3) Muscle strength-grip strength, hip extensor and flexor strength-significantly increased in the experimental group compared with the control group after FPP(p<0.005). 4) There was no significant difference of frequency of fall between the experimental group and control group during the period of FPP. Conclusion: These results suggest that FPP can increase gait, balance and muscle strength of elderly women at a nursing home.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.771-785
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• 2021

This study was performed to provide detailed and comprehensive information on inflammation-related blood indicators, joint range of motion, pain scale, and psychological indicators by patient characteristics by performing a 12-week home-based exercise program for ankylosing spondylitis patients. For the purpose of this study, 10 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were selected by age (30s vs. 40s vs. 50s), gender (male vs. female), and duration (less than 5 years vs. 5 years or more). The home-based exercise program was a combination of aerobic exercise and Pilates-based resistance exercise, and was performed 4 times a week for 12 weeks at an intensity of 50-70% of maximal heart rate (MHR). As a result, after 12 weeks of home-based exercise intervention, the blood C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration of patients with ankylosing spondylitis decreased (-35.6%, p=.002), and the blood inflammation level was improved, and each joint (hip, lumbar, cervical) improved mobility (p<.05). In addition, the bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) was decreased by -67% (p=.001) and the visual analogue scale (VAS) was decreased by -64.8% (p=.001), stiffness and pain has been alleviated. In particular, as the degree of depression decreased by -65.5% (p=.001) and the degree of anxiety by -55.2% (p=.003), 12 weeks of home-based exercise improved not only physical changes but also psychological factors. On the other hand, there was no difference in exercise effect according to age, gender, and disease duration in ankylosing spondylitis patients (p>.05). These results suggest that the 12-week home-based exercise applied in this study can be an effective exercise program that can be universally used for ankylosing spondylitis patients regardless of patient characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.343-352
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program on dyspnea, exercise capacity, and health related quality of life in inpatients with chronic lung disease. Method: This quasi experimental study was designed with a nonequivalent control group pre-post test time series. Twenty three patients were assigned to the experimental group and nineteen to the control group. The inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program was composed of upper and lower extremity exercise, breathing retraining, inspiratory muscle training, education, relaxation and telephone contacts. This program consisted of 4 sessions with inpatients and 4 weeks at home after discharge. The control group was given a home based pulmonary rehabilitation program at the time of discharge. The outcomes were measured by the Borg score, 6MWD and the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire(CRQ). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in dyspnea between the experimental group and control group, but not among time sequence, or interaction between groups and time sequence. Also significant improvements in exercise capacity and health related quality of life were found only in the experimental group. Conclusions: An Inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program may be a useful intervention to reduce dyspnea, and increase exercise capacity and health related quality of life for chronic lung disease patients.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2010

Purpose: To examine the effects of a fall prevention exercise program on the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: The nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design involved 16. subjects in the experimental group and 17 in the control group. The experimental group received the fall prevention exercise program for 50 minutes, three times each week for 12 weeks. Results: After program participation, the experimental group of subjects showed significantly higher lower limb strength higher endurance, and higher balance than the control group of subjects. The danger of being injured in a fall was also significantly lower in the experimental group. However, there were no significant differences in body constituent factors, agility, and flexibility between the two groups after the intervention. Conclusion: The 12 week fall prevention exercise program was effective in increasing lower limb muscular strength, endurance, balance, and body strength, and in decreasing the danger status of fall injuries. These results suggest that this fall prevention exercise program could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention modality in elderly persons.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate for effective strategies to improve home exercise program (HEP) adherence in vestibular rehabilitation (VR). Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify effective strategies used to improve HEP adherence of patients in VR. Six databases, Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PUBMED, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched from their inception to December 31, 2015. The keywords used for search were 'home program', 'home intervention', 'compliance', 'adherence', 'vestibular rehabilitation', 'motion sickness', and 'motion sensitivity'. Results: A total of eight studies were selected to be included in the review. There was 95.2% agreement between the two reviewers who reviewed the studies using a quality assessment tool. The overall inter-rater agreement (${\kappa}$=0.73) showed good agreement between the reviewers. Strong evidence was identified for 3 major categories of effective HEP adherence strategies, 1) providing patient with written summary of HEP; 2) asking patient to maintain a record of HEP and symptoms; and 3) providing tele-rehabilitation in form of email and/or telephone support along with in person treatment sessions. Also, based on strong evidence, computerized technology was not found to be superior to other strategies for improving patients' HEP adherence in VR. Conclusions: The effective strategies for improving HEP in VR include written summary of exercise, maintenance of log of HEP and symptoms and tele-rehabilitation along with in person treatment sessions.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2020

Purpose: This thesis study aimed to examine the effects of elastic-band resistance exercise on physical fitness, activities of daily living (ADLs), falls efficacy, and quality of life among older women receiving home nursing care under long-term care insurance. Methods: We used an equivalent control group pre-test/post-test design. We assigned older women at the nursing care center J to the experimental group (n=21), and older adult women at the nursing care center H to the control group (n=21). The experimental group engaged in an elastic band resistance exercise twice per week from February 18 to April 12, 2019. Results: There were significant differences in the Short Physical Performance Battery score (t=4.15 p<.001), left grip strength (t=0.57, p<.569), right grip strength (t=1.38 p<.177), flexibility test scores (t=2.34, p<.024), ADLs (t=6.86, p<.001), falls efficacy (t=5.16, p<.001), and quality of life (t=3.87, p<.001). Grip strength was increased slightly in the experimental group, but the increase was not significant. Conclusion: Elastic band resistance exercise is an effective nursing intervention to enhance physical fitness, flexibility, ADLs, falls efficacy, and quality of life among older women receiving home nursing care under long term care insurance.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2018

Background: This study was undertaken to compare the outcome of supervised and home exercises with respect to range of motion (ROM), pain, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE). We further correlated the ROM recovery and pain reduction as well. Methods: The study included 49 patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Rehabilitation was initiated after 4 weeks of immobilization. A total of 29 patients performed supervised exercise 3 times a week. Standardized education and brochures for review were provided to the remaining 20 patients who insisted on home rehabilitation. Statistical analysis was performed for comparing pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), SANE, and ROM. In addition, we also evaluated the correlation between pain and ROM. Results: Comparison of the two groups revealed no significant differences in forward flexion, internal rotation, abduction, and pain NRS. However, SANE at the 9th week (63.8 vs. 55.0, p=0.038) and improvement of external rotation from the 5th to the 9th week (17.6 vs. 9.3, p=0.018) were significantly higher in the supervised exercise group as compared to the home exercise group. Correlation of pain NRS with forward flexion, external rotation, internal rotation and abduction were statistically not significant (correlation coefficient=0.032 [p=0.828], -0.255 [p=0.077], 0.068 [p=0.642], and -0.188 [p=0.196], respectively). Conclusions: The supervised rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed better improvement in external rotation and higher SANE score after 4 weeks of rehabilitation exercise. However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between the recovery of ROM and short-term pain relief.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of aerobic exercise and combination exercise on physical fitness, body composition, and depression and to observe the relationship between obesity and depression. METHODS: A total of 40 obese people were divided into an aerobic exercise group ($n_1$=20) and a combination exercise group ($n_2$=20) that was performed swiss ball exercise and aerobic exercise. Each group exercised three times per week for eight weeks. Outcome measures were basic physical fitness, body composition, and depression. RESULTS: After completion of the exercise, there was a significant difference in overall physical fitness factors of percentage body fat (%body fat), strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance in the combination exercise group (p<.05). Strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular endurance were more improved in the combination exercise group than aerobic exercise group (p<.05). However, changes of %body fat and psychological factor between the two groups were not significant. CONCLUSION: Combination exercise program has an effect on the solution of obesity in physical development and strength. Therefore, it seems to that use with better perform both aerobic exercise and Swiss ball exercise. In addition, the Swiss ball exercise, which is an easy, convenient and economical self-exercise that can be done at home, is recommended due to its positive effects on physical establishment and fitness.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.141-150
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of rehabilitation programs with coaching exercise (CE) or home exercise (HE) on shoulder pain, muscle strength, and daily living functions (DLF) in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. Methods: With quasi-experimental design, thirty patients (15 CE and 15 HE) participated in rehabilitation programs for 12 weeks. At first, data were collected for pain and DLF using questionnaires with testing muscle strength and range of motion. Then, subjects were allowed to receive training on rehabilitation with structured training materials. CE group visited sports center three times a week at P hospital and HE group did self-exercise at home. Data were analyzed using SPSS program. Results: After 12 weeks, both groups showed statistically significant changes in improving pain, muscle strength, and DLF. Compare to HE group, CE group showed a statistically significant improvement in shoulder pain (p=.021), muscle strength in internal rotation (p=.001) and abduction (p=.013) and DLF (p=.012). Conclusion: Rehabilitation programs for patients with shoulder impingement syndrome were effective to improve pain, muscle strength, and DLF. Although CE would bring the better effects, it is possible to apply HE through structured education to patients who are difficult to visit hospitals.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2017

Objective: To find that the patients who conducted home self-exercise in conjunction with intra-articular corticosteroid injection will have better improvement in subacromial subdeltoid (SASD) bursitis symptoms than those who received only an injection. Method: A prospective, nonrandomized, comparison study was conducted in outpatient rehabilitation clinic in a tertiary university hospital. Patients diagnosed with SASD bursitis with physical examination and ultrasound evaluation were included and received ultrasound guided injection (UGI). Patients were divided into two groups according to the compliance of self-exercise: UGI-exercise group and UGI only group. Visual analog scale (VAS) was checked before, at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the UGI. A patient's global impression of change (PGIC) survey was made at 3 months after the UGI. Results: A total of 82 patients with SASD bursitis were included. At 3 weeks after the injection, the mean VAS for the UGI-exercise group was 2.6 ± 1.7 and for UGI only group was 1.9 ± 1.3 (p=0.030). At 3 months after the injection, the mean VAS for the UGI-exercise group was 4.0 ± 1.3 and for UGI only group was 5.4 ± 1.4 (p<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that home-based self-exercise of the shoulder provides an additional benefit for pain alleviation possibly with prolonging the effect of injection in SASD bursitis.