• Title/Summary/Keyword: Home evaluation

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Korean consumers' attitudes towards organic labels and country-of-origin of organic foods

  • Lee, Hye-Kyoung;Cho, Young-Sang
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2011
  • Although the South Korean organic food market is in the infancy compared to other industrialized countries, Korean consumers'interest in organic food and retail stores devoting space to organic products have been rapidly increasing. Despite the fact of organic food popularity, the term "organic" is interpreted differently by individuals. As opposed to the US, Japan and the EU where have operated an integrated organic food labelling system, Korea has adopted complex organic labelling systems regulated by several different government bodies. As a result, complicated food labelling standards make consumers confused when purchasing organic foods. Furthermore, in terms of country of origin (COO), it is argued by a lot of researchers that COO effects vary from product to product and from country to country; moreover, other informational cues such as brand and price can influence COO effects. In modern society, COO labelling has been complicated, due to the sourcing, manufacturing and market locations of merchandise spread over the world. Accordingly, the evaluation of COO effects has become complex. In order to examine these issues, a quantitative research was selected to classify the commonfeatures of organic food consumers and construct statistics such as the extent to which people are aware of organic food and COO labellingvia a questionnaire which took place in two cities in Korea with a cluster sample of 161 organic food purchasers. As for the data analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), T-tests, bivariate crosstatulations with Cramer's V were conducted,depending on the characteristics of variables and the assumptions the research data need to fit. It has been concluded that in general, Korean organic consumers comprehend the term "organic"in a closer way to the general concept rather than technical term, thus people do not appreciate environmentally labels which include organic food labels, although marital status influence the degree of label awareness, regardless of gender, age, education level and so on. Regarding COO effects on organic food, home organic products were Korean consumers'first choice over those from industrialized countries and developing nations. Specifically, in processed organic product category, domestically cultivated and processed organic products were absolutely preferred to leading national brands produced with imported ingredients and international brands. However, due to a lack of checks of ingredients' COO, consumers tend to purchase a leading national organic food brand, believing that it is a pure organic food sourced domestically. As a consequence, this research has suggested some important managerial implications and future research directions. In order to prevent consumer confusion when buying organic foods, it should be noted that consumers do not comprehend the organic food certifications, due to complicated labelling systems for organic produce and processed organic foods. Therefore, government bodies related to organic food distribution have to know consumers' perception of organic food labels and the significance of customer-oriented labels and reestablish labelling standards. Similarly, public advertising should be followed to raise public awareness of the labelling to enable customers to have the correct information. In addition, not only international marketers but also domestic marketers need to understand COO images and also the influence COO of ingredients has on the image of an organic product.

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Authentication and Key Management Techniques for Secure Communication in IP Camera (IoT 환경에서 IP카메라의 효율적 운용을 위한 키 관리 및 보안 설계 프로토콜)

  • Min, So-Yeon;Lee, Jae-Seung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.21 no.10
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    • pp.602-608
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    • 2020
  • Development of Internet technology and the spread of various smart devices provide a convenient computing environment for people, which is becoming common thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT). However, attacks by hackers have caused various problems, such as leaking personal information or violating privacy. In the IoT environment, various smart devices are connected, and network attacks that are used in the PC environment are occurring frequently in the IoT. In fact, security incidents such as conducting DDoS attacks by hacking IP cameras, leaking personal information, and monitoring unspecified numbers of personal files without consent are occurring. Although attacks in the existing Internet environment are PC-oriented, we can now confirm that smart devices such as IP cameras and tablets can be targets of network attacks. Through performance evaluation, the proposed protocol shows 11% more energy efficiency on servers than RSA, eight times greater energy efficiency on clients than Kerberos, and increased efficiency as the number of devices increases. In addition, it is possible to respond to a variety of security threats that might occur against the network. It is expected that efficient operations will be possible if the proposed protocol is applied to the IoT environment.

A preliminary study for the evaluation of the effects of sex education program on college students (대학생의 성교육 효과측정을 위한 기초 연구)

  • Chang, Soon-Bok;Choi, Yun-Soon;Kang, Hee-Sun;Park, So-Mi
    • The Korean Nurse
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.49-63
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    • 1997
  • This study was performed to provide preliminary data for the development of a useful instrument to measure the effect of sex education. The study was conducted with the voluntary participation of 155 college students enrolled in the course "Sexuality and Relationship" at Y university in Seoul. At the end of that course, they were asked to write freely about the change they had experienced on sexuality. All meaningful statements were elicited and classified into 7 categories; "Change of Knowledge", "Enlightenment", "Change of Attitude on Sexuality", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of. Identity", "Change of Emotion", "Change of Behavior:' There were significant changes in the areas of knowledge(28. 6%), enlightenment(27.4%), and attitudes(20.3%) about sexuality among these 7 categories. The Change of Knowledge category consists of 3 areas: "concretion of knowledge", "increase of information", and "correction of misunderstanding." In the category of Enlightenment, total 12 areas are included: "sex role", "erception of lack of knowledge", "importance of family", "life plan", "parent role", "value of life", "equality", "sexual autonomy", "importance of sexuality", "freedom of sexuality", "perception of sexual problem", and "meaning of love." The Attitude Change category consists of 8 areas. These are "being natural", "being progressive", "being sensitive", "being truthful", "being expressive", "being cautious", "being responsible", and "being confident". The category of Buildup of Ability includes 4 areas: "problem solving", "sex education", "relationship", and "communication". The category of Buildup of Identity includes "sexual identity", and "value of sexuality". The Emotional Change category includes 3 areas: "positive feeling", "negative feeling", and "breaking from negative feeling on sexuality". The Behavior Change category includes "sex-related behavioral change". In conclusion, up to now most researches on sex education effect measures only changes of knowledge, attitude, and behavior. But we believe the changes in "Enlightenment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.enment", "Buildup of Ability", "Buildup of Identity", "Change of Emotion", should be included in addition to knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the development of an instrument to measure the sex education effects. And the effect of sex education should measure the degree of learning of autonomy, enlightenment, and ability of behavior and so on rather than studying the simple changes in sexuality.ng the simple changes in sexuality.

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Control and Analysis of an Integrated Bidirectional DC/AC and DC/DC Converters for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications

  • Hegazy, Omar;Van Mierlo, Joeri;Lataire, Philippe
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.408-417
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    • 2011
  • The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are specialized hybrid electric vehicles that have the potential to obtain enough energy for average daily commuting from batteries. The PHEV battery would be recharged from the power grid at home or at work and would thus allow for a reduction in the overall fuel consumption. This paper proposes an integrated power electronics interface for PHEVs, which consists of a novel Eight-Switch Inverter (ESI) and an interleaved DC/DC converter, in order to reduce the cost, the mass and the size of the power electronics unit (PEU) with high performance at any operating mode. In the proposed configuration, a novel Eight-Switch Inverter (ESI) is able to function as a bidirectional single-phase AC/DC battery charger/ vehicle to grid (V2G) and to transfer electrical energy between the DC-link (connected to the battery) and the electric traction system as DC/AC inverter. In addition, a bidirectional-interleaved DC/DC converter with dual-loop controller is proposed for interfacing the ESI to a low-voltage battery pack in order to minimize the ripple of the battery current and to improve the efficiency of the DC system with lower inductor size. To validate the performance of the proposed configuration, the indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed to optimize the efficiency of the AC drive system in PHEVs. The maximum efficiency of the motor is obtained by the evaluation of optimal rotor flux at any operating point, where the PSO is applied to evaluate the optimal flux. Moreover, an improved AC/DC controller based Proportional-Resonant Control (PRC) is proposed in order to reduce the THD of the input current in charger/V2G modes. The proposed configuration is analyzed and its performance is validated using simulated results obtained in MATLAB/ SIMULINK. Furthermore, it is experimentally validated with results obtained from the prototypes that have been developed and built in the laboratory based on TMS320F2808 DSP.

An influence Taping therapy toward upper limb end part having on shoulder pain (상지말단부의 테이핑요법이 견관절 통증에 미치는 영향)

  • Yang, Kyung-Han;Lee, Yoon-Mi
    • Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.47-55
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    • 2006
  • This study was executed in order utilized five typical taping therapy spending on upper limb end part, and to grasp an influence on shoulder pain of upper limb part among spiral balance taping therapy of Danaca. This study was performed at Physical therapy Dept. of Gyeongbuk H orthopedics until 2005 November 4 from 2005 October 4th. This study appealed for a shoulder pain, and visited all 25(15 Non capsular lesions, 10 capsular lesions) patients to the objects. We executed study to the objects to a patient to agree with us after explaining a purpose and object of this study. Urged warning, and all executed eight times over about the patient who executed taping therapy for five weeks so as not to be able to get other therapy treatment. Application way of taping therapy applied all once at random generally five taping therapy to apply to limbs end of upper at clinical so far. Operated on the results about pain decrease, and we calculated as compared before and after five taping therapy. Also, operated again on them in a taping therapy judged that there was pain decrease, and we returned them to home. We make a comparative analysis for a pain after and before a treatment as we use the VAS which is evaluation of a pain in this study. The results of this study are as follows. Appeared so as operated, and a pain decrease change of Non capsular lesions became lower with a the average of 2.3 after a taping therapy in the average of 6.4s former a treatment, and to note statistically later Taping therapy of upper limb end part.(P<0.01). The pain decrease change of capsular lesions of a shoulder joint pain index decreased with the average of 4.0 after a taping therapy treatment in the average of 6.0 former a treatment after Taping therapy of upper limb end part, but were not able to note statistically.(P>0.05) Taping therapy of upper limb end part is positive to pain decrease of shoulder joint in the above-mentioned study can affect, and can especially get the effective conclusion that was able to affect from pain decrease of Non capsular lesions.

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A Study on the Visual Merchandising of Traditional Markets in Urban Regeneration (도시재생 과정을 통한 전통시장 비주얼머천다이징 성공사례 연구)

  • Lim, Jeanny;Lee, Jeong-Min
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.12 no.12
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - In urban regeneration projects, considerations for rejuvenating traditional public markets are becoming increasingly important. That is because the traditional market is not just a commercial space but also a living center for local people's existence. Cultural contents like these are invaluable assets in the contemporary economy. However, traditional markets are gradually declining because of changes in distribution systems and consumer lifestyles. New distribution systems such as modern distribution markets, home shopping, and online shopping malls made traditional markets less competitive. Further, traditional markets have not been able to adapt to the changing consumption styles of younger generations. Some say that it is a natural phenomenon that cannot be stopped. However, traditional markets are not just another distribution system but also a valuable resource that encapsulates the local people's tradition and history. Thus, a revitalization strategy for traditional public markets has become an urgent task in contemporary urban regeneration projects. This study aimed to find ways to activate traditional public markets by making it a community landmark based on visual merchandising perspectives. Research design and methodology - This study focused on analyzing Granville Island (Vancouver, Canada) as a role-model project for rejuvenating the traditional market. It investigated Granville Island both with walk-through evaluation and literature reviews. Results - We found that it has been developed not only to improve visual aspects, but also to promote cultural contents with high value added. For example, the developers maintained the visual elements that tell the original history of the site as an industrial factory. The renewal project had a balance between improving the outer look and creating attractive contents. The following are the merits of Granville Island that Korean traditional markets should note. First, they kept the whole area clean and hygienic. Second, merchants are well educated, business-savvy, and consumer-oriented. Third, the area's total environmental designs were done by professionals of a high caliber. Fourth, the city government and the merchants'association were collaborating well in their efforts to accommodate the changing needs of consumers. Conclusions - This study made the following suggestions as a conclusion. First, it will be a very powerful tool to rejuvenate the traditional market if we can discover unique cultural resources and develop them as cultural products, experiences, and events. Consumers of the 21st century have a strong tendency to consume not only material products, but also the experiences and memories attached to them. Second, in order to maintain the unique characteristics of traditional markets, fostering the viability of the merchants' association and local residents' society would be essential. Third, it is necessary to make the traditional market into a cultural place not only for the shopping patronage of local residents, but also for attracting tourists to increase sales. Finally, professional management and design approaches are needed in order to make the traditional market a pleasant space from a visual merchandising standpoint.

Hospice & Palliative Care Policy in Korea (한국의 호스피스완화의료정책)

  • Kim, Chang Gon
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.8-17
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    • 2017
  • Globally, efforts are being made to develop and strengthen a palliative care policy to support a comprehensive healthcare system. Korea has implemented a hospice and palliative care (HPC) policy as part of a cancer policy under the 10 year plan to conquer cancer and a comprehensive measure for national cancer management. A legal ground for the HPC policy was laid by the Cancer Control Act passed in 2003. Currently in the process is legislation of a law on the decision for life-sustaining treatment for HPC and terminally-ill patients. The relevant law has expanded the policy-affected disease group from terminal cancer to cancer, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic liver disease/liver cirrhosis. Since 2015, the National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme reimburses for HPC with a combination of the daily fixed sum and the fee for service systems. By the provision type, the HPC is classified into hospitalization, consultation, and home-based treatment. Also in place is the system that designates, evaluates and supports facilities specializing in HPC, and such facilities are funded by the NHI fund and government subsidy. Also needed along with the legal system are consensus reached by people affected by the policy and more realistic fee levels for HPC. The public and private domains should also cooperate to set HPC standards, train professional caregivers, control quality and establish an evaluation system. A stable funding system should be prepared by utilizing the long-term care insurance fund and hospice care fund.

Effects of Different Milling Methodes on Physico-chemical Properties & Products (제분방법이 쌀가루 및 제품의 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kum, Jun-Seok;Lee, Sang-Hyo;Lee, Hyun-Yu;Kim, Kil-Hwan;Kim, Young-In
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.546-551
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    • 1993
  • Rice flour obtained by four different milling methods, Pin mill. Colloid mill, Micro mill, and Jet mill, were used to investigate physico-chemical properties and product. Crude fat, ash, and protein contents of rice flours between different milling methods were similar. Blue value, amylose content, and damaged starch which related to properties of rice flour were reduced in the order that of Jet mill, Micro mill, Colloid mill, and Pin mill. Water absorption index, water solubility index, and water retention capacity increased as damaged starch increased. Hardness of gel(15%) is the highest value for Pin mill. The finer granules (Jet mill) had lower gelatinization onset(To) and peak(Tp) than any other rice flours. Those result are simillar with amylogram properties. Enthalpy of gelatinization increased as damaged starch increased. Jet mill had the highest score (p<0.05) of overall test in sensory evaluation and good paste properties.

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Changes in Physicochemical and Sensory Qualities of Korean Pickled Cucumbers during Fermentation (발효 중 오이지의 물리화학적 및 관능적 품질의 변화)

  • Kim, Jong-Goon;Choi, Hee-Sook;Kim, Sang-Soon;Kim, Woo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.838-844
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    • 1989
  • The physicochemical and organoleptic properties of Korean pickled cucumbers were studies for their changes during fermentation. The Korean pickled cucumbers were prepared by salting in 5-15% NaCl solution and fermented for 7-10 days. The results showed that the increase of salt concentration in cucumber had a linear relationship with logarithmic value of brining time. The higher NaCl concentration in salt solution resulted a rapid salt penetration into cucumber while the rate of changes in pH, the total acidity and turbidity were reduced. The color of cucumber surface were changed from green to yellow-green color as the fermentation progressed. The hardness of cucumber decreased repidly after one day of fermentation, followed by a little decreased until it reached to pH 3.2. A little increase in pH and decrease in total acidity were measured thereafter. The evaluation of sensory quality showed that the acidic and fresh cucumber-like-flayer decreased and yeast-moldy increased as the fermentation progressed. The sensory changes were more evident for lower salt concentration of NaCl solution. The softness of cucumber became to be significant from 4th day of fermentation in 5% salt solution.

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Effect of Heat Treatment on Some Qualities of Korean Pickled Cucumbers during Fermentation (열처리가 오이지의 발효에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Hee-Sook;Kim, Jong-Goon;Kim, Woo-Jung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.845-850
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    • 1989
  • Effect of high temperature soaking in salt solution and short time microwave heat treatment on quality of Korean pickled cucumbers during fermentation was investigated. The Korean pickled cucumbers were fermented at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in 10% salt solution. The physicochemical properties measured were pH, the total acidity, hardness and the sensory properties of odor, taste and texture were also evaluated. The result showed that the effect of soaking cucumber in $80-90^{\circ}C$ hot salt solution significantly reduced the fermentation rate and softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was found for those soaked in $60-70^{\circ}C$. The effect of microwave treatment inhenced fermentation a little for short treatment but it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture by 3 minutes heating. The sensory evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that heat treatments with hot solution and microwave heating had a possitive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue, however odor and taste were not significantly affected.

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