• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3829-3833
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• 2012

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the practice and associated factors of breast self-examination (BSE) among Malaysian women. Methods: For this cross-sectional study 250 women were selected by a simple random sampling technique. The questionnaire was consisted of three parts: socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about BSE, and practice of BSE. Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS version 13. T-test and ANOVA test were used to explore the relation between socio-demographic characteristics and the practice of BSE. Results: About 32% of the participants reported that they have had family history of cancer and about 20% of the participants reported that they have had family history of breast cancer. The majority of the participants (88.8%) have heard about breast cancer and 78.4% of the participants have heard about BSE. Race, marital status, residency, regular exercise, awareness about breast cancer, belief that breast cancer can be detected early, belief that early detection improves the chance of survival, family history of cancer, family history of breast cancer, awareness about BSE, and belief that BSE is necessary, significantly influenced the practice of BSE among women. Practice of BSE on monthly basis was found to be 47.2% among the study participants. Conclusions: The socio-demographic characteristics significantly influence the practice of BSA among women in Malaysia. The findings of this study might not only influence the planning of specific screening interventions and strategies in Malaysia but might also be important for the relevant international communities, interested in the peculiarities of BSE incidence in different countries.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.32
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• pp.219-236
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• 2012

It is well known that records management is closely related to democracy, and the records management 'innovation' in Korea did also aim to reach democratic 'accountability' and 'governance'. Likewise, the first reason this article deals with the establishment of archival community in the East Asia is to help promote democracy and form a co-operative relations in the region through records management. Secondly, the distorted view of history easily found in the history textbooks of each countries should be corrected for the 21st East Asia in peace. Records and memories in the past are main components for the present and the future. A great many records to solve the disputes over history still remains inaccessible at large in the archives of the East Asia. A coming archival community will endeavor to disclose and share the historical records for harmonious awareness of history. Cooperation and solidarity within archival community in the East Asia featuring democratic accountability, governance and more records disclosure can be a brand-new start for peace and 'better' democracy in his region.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

Official Delvelopment Assistance(ODA) in forestry sector has been implemented for about 60 years after the second world war. Forestry aid is getting important due to its role to play as a practical methodology of Millenium Development Goals(MDGs). Korea has conducted ODA in forestry in 22 developing countries since 2005. However its contents are mostly focused on environment conservation by plantation. In the other hands, the other donor countries try to eradicate poverty of people who are dependent on forestry, environment conservation and etc in MDGs by means of ODA in forestry. Swiss, Germany, Japan, UK, and the other donor counties found out without taking account of forest dependent people who are supposed to manage 22% of developing countries's forest, forestry aid could not be successful. The direction of Korean ODA in forestry need to change in order to meet the current movement of International ODA. For this, Korea should develop various contents of forestry aids like CF (Community Forestry) project which the donor countries with long history of forestry aids have implemented in many ways.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.141-162
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• 2011

This research was conducted to analyze the actual condition of data related to Korea shown in the catalog of 15 countries. This study was to compare the subject characteristics of Korea-related subject heading, record collection, and the characteristics of several subject heading, which has been a major issue. The results are as follows. To begin with, Korea-related record in most other national libraries runs absolutely short except for some countries like United States. Korea-related record is generally 2 to 3 times less than Japan related record. Second, referring to the subject distribution in sub criteria of Korea-related record, subject related to 'history' and 'economy' is shown in the highest rate. Considering that 'Korean war' shows the highest rate in Italy and Canada, we can consider that this may cause the distortion of the perception of Korea. Third, in the case of Korea-related record, the record of South Korea is 1.5 to 5 times more than that of North Korea, except for some countries like United States. Forth, regarding the subject headings, the terms such as 'Taekwondo', 'Kimchi', 'Tok-do', 'Tong-hae' have different meanings in different countries. However, these terms agree to LCSH in most countries except for neighboring countries. Fifth, in case of China and Japan, the subject headings in reference to political and historical position are raising some problems.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2009

So far we have investigate and analyzed the actual conditions of building maintenance in Korea and compared the building maintenance laws and systems between Korea and other countries. Now, based on the results from such comparison and analysis, this study proposes the following ideas for improvement: 1) As we can learn from domestic and foreign case studies, in the existing built-up areas becoming obsolete, many building owners remodel their buildings illegally in reaction to current economic and social changes. Therefore, for efficient maintenance of buildings, it is required to improve building maintenance systems by formulating information about inspection items, inspectors, supervisors, inspection costs and intervals of reporting results, depending on how large the buildings are and what they are used for. 2) In addition, to ensure the success of a building maintenance system, it is necessary to keep and manage a history of building maintenance thoroughly and introduce a certification program which gives an appropriate grade to maintenance performance and commits the government to expand their public roles and supporting policies, as widely used in some foreign countries. Further, in keep the building maintenance system secure, there should be a nationwide consensus as well as a favorable evaluation from building owners and manager, and all related people.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-80
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• 2007

Korea and Japan are close countries having a mutual influence on history and have similar cultural and educational circumstances. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the textbooks for elementary school mathematics between Korea and Japan. First, it established the theoretical backgrounds through the precedent research comparing the mathematic textbooks between South Korea and North Korea, Korea and India, Yanbian in China, Japan( Fraction part in numeral field. The Plane Figures). Next, it compared and analyzed two countries'(Korea and Japan) textbooks regarding the structural system and concept of units on the basis of the theoretical research. And it included more specific and detail contents in comparison of Korean with Japanese mathematic textbooks focused on the 5, 6th grade.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2000

One form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), oriental medicine has developed differently from the western medicine under its own environment and history. Western medicine was introduced to Korea about 120 years ago. But unfortunately, there still is an indisputable lack of cooperative movement between oriental medicine ＆ western medicine. However, the market share of CAM has grown markedly in most industrialized countries (the United States, Europe, Australia, and Asia). In these countries, alternative medicine such as acupuncture and herbal remedies was adopted as a "complementary" therapies of mainstream medicine, to calm the symptoms of terminal illness. Recently in Korea, there was a movement to cooperate oriental medicine ＆ western medicine. However, until this time in Korea, there was a conflict between oriental medicine ＆ western medicine. They blame each other. Such as "Other side is guilty of improper evaluation of patients, possibly suppressing effective therapies of their own side and profit-motivated". Though most western medicine practitioners criticize oriental medicine, the level of adopting alternative forms of health care by the public and by some western medicine practitioners will continue to increase. Therefore oriental medicine ＆ western medicine share a mutual responsibility to apply evidence-based practices, to seek scientific empirical proof through planned interventions, and to increase the quality of health care.lity of health care.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.101-107
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out the push and pull factors of migrants from middle Asian countries to Yunhaju, Russia, and housing situations in settlements as well as housing intentions to behave. Four female Korye Saram in Cremobo settlement and Woojung village and 10 male and female elderly in ordinary residences were interviewed during April 22-25, 2003. Changes in national formal language from Russian to lout languages was played the most prominent push role, while availability of settlement and agricultural land and emotional attachment as the second hometown pulled them to migrate into Yunhaju. The housing situation in Cremobo settlement was very poor and almost settlers had already left. The rest settlers wanted to move into Woojung village. The resident in Woojung village hoped to get the formal contract to rent the dwelling and agricultural land. Family adaptations were progressed to solve the housing deficits among settlers both of Cremobo settlement and Woojung village. This research explored a part of the 140 years residential history of Korye Saram.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to make a mid- and long-term development plan on the business incubator center after interviewing five startups that currently being occupied in or already left the center and reviewing benchmark on business incubator centers in developed countries such as USA, Sweden, and Israel. For the interview, the three startups currently being occupied in the center and the two companies already left the center were participated. The main strengths of the center from all of these five companies were easy accessibility to the equipment and space and at the same time trustworthy from the outside vendors and/or government, etc. USA is a leading country who has long history for the startups but mostly the private companies/organizations/individuals have supported the startups in terms of funding or consulting. Also, there are countless local governments nationwide who provide funding, education, and/or space for the small businesses. Mainly based on the interview and the benchmarking, the mid- and long-term development plan for the business incubator center was made. All six themes such as consortium for investment or a local network plan were derived for the development plan which was described in this study.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.99-118
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• 2000

This study attempts to identify the level of conflicts occurring between foreign and domestic chefs, and to suggest the way of controlling those conflicts in order to well manage human resources, foreign chefs. Based on the empirical research, the research findings shows that in terms of targeting and achieving objectives different level of conflicts are experienced when age, hotel type, position varies. For example. purchasing excessive foreign foods may cause undesirable stock which will lead to considerable loss. In order to overcome this problem the advantages of the chain-operated and the independent hotel's food purchasing system must be incorporated. Secondly, another conflicts arise when the architecture and system of a kitchen is different from what foreign chefs are familiar with. Kitchen architecture and system should be well-designed in terms of delivery channel, sanitation, safety, food control, banquet etc.. In developing menu, chefs often have different criteria in the scale of sweet and salt of a particular dish. Foreign chefs often blame his subordinates for not meeting his requirements without proper training or education. Finally, because of the different culture, communication as well as the lack of mutual understanding problem occur. Even though today is called global town. some chefs do not seem to open their minds to learn other developing countries' culture. In diversity management aspect, chefs need to put much effort to be aware of other countries' culture, history, political and economic situation. In prior to employing foreign chefs, the job enrollment and description must be prepared so as to minimize the conflicts, which otherwise will create poor job performance.