• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.437-460
• /
• 2003

It is recorded that the orignal Nam-Suk Bridge is constructed at the first year of Oh-Bong(B.C. 57). But I believe that it can be back to the 19 year of Jin-Hung King(AD. 558) by discovered bibliographies. The Nam-Suk Bridge is improved and remodelled from past to the late of Zosun dynasty by the development of walled city of Chongju. By the late of Gojong Empire, the Nam-Suk Bridge has stone post and monument of Nam-Suk Bridge. Because the alternations of Mu-Sim River channel, heavy floods, extension of built, up area and Japanese unconcern, the stone post and monument of Nam-Suk Bridge is lost approximately by 1910s and Nam-Suk Bridge is completely buried by the early 1930s. The Mu-Sim Hiver has negative aspects from past to the Japanese rule but has increasingly the positive aspects after the liberation of Korea. We must reconstruct these buried cultural resources to highlight the cultural identity of Chongju City.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.122-139
• /
• 2011

Yanbian area is a region with great interests to Cultural-Historically Korea as well as China. Cultural-historic study on Yanbian are lots of researches but can find few mapping for sites. This study aimed to make a map and analyze characteristics of distributions in the Cultural-Historic sites of Yanbian using Google Earth. We made a distribution map from stone age to Qing Dynasty. Symbology for mapping made color symbols by time series and categorical symbols. As a research finding, Sites of Balhae and Yuo-Geum age account for large parts in comparison with other ages in Yanbian. Especially, sites of Goguryeo, Balhae and Yuo-Geum age showed spatio-temporal structure of accumulative layers Characteristics of distributions is located in basin and stream area in the early age, and after then historical period moved to hilly sides and mountainous areas. The result of this research is expected to offer information for relevant follow-up studies of Cultural-Historic sites.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.43 no.10
• /
• pp.851-864
• /
• 2010

We investigated the sensitivity of Korean streamflows to climate variation. Historical dam inflows and climate data for eight multi-purpose dam sites were collected and examined to determine key factors affecting streamflow change. The results show that annual streamflow primarily responds to change in precipitation rather than temperature. However, the combination of less precipitation and high temperature induces a more serious decrease in streamflow than does similar precipitation and with low temperature. This result indicates that Korean water resources could be more vulnerable to drought due to increasing temperature caused by global warming. To estimate spatial differences in climate sensitivity, we also calculated climate elasticity for 109 mid-size watersheds using streamflow simulated by the Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS). Climate elasticity ranges over 1.5~1.9, indicating that a +20% increase in annual precipitation leads to a +30~+38% increase in annual streamflow.

• International Journal of Railway
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 2012

The rail sector, despite its potential for curtailing the present chaotic transport situation in Lagos, remains inefficient and underutilized. In spite of past initiatives and the current attempt by the Lagos State Government to provide a mass transit rail service in Lagos, the share of rail mode in the transport sector has not been encouraging and the railway plays an insignificant role in urban mass transit in Lagos at present. This paper sets out to assess the usage of the Lagos mass transit trains. Hence, the paper determines the passenger traffic flow along the rail route in Lagos and the number of passengers carried between 2000 and 2009 by the Lagos Mass Transit Trains (LMTT) with a view to assessing the usage of the present LMTT. This paper also discusses the historical development of Nigerian railway and describes rail transport in Lagos. Data were obtained through secondary sources coupled with review of literature. The result of this study shows that for a period of 10 years (2000-2009), Lagos mass transit trains carried a total of 9,870,101 passengers, which gives an average of 987,010 passengers annually. This suggests that the service of the Lagos mass transit train is grossly underutilized. However, LMTT contributes enormously to NRC by carrying 68.5% of the total passenger traffic of NRC between 2000 and 2009. In terms of passenger traffic flow along the route of LMTT, for a period of 1 year, Agbado station recorded the largest number of passengers (393,811), followed by Ijoko (163,652) and Iddo (120,787), while Iganmu station has the lowest number of rail commuters (16,919). This study also discloses that the major commodities hauled by Lagos district of NRC from Lagos to the northern parts of the country in 2007 are Cars, Cement, Billet and Wheat.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.439-454
• /
• 2013

UN-REDD (United Nations programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation) is currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to reduce carbon dioxide in relation to the deforestation. Although administrative boundary has already gained world-wide recognition as a typical method of monitoring unit in the process of GHG (Greenhouse Gas) reduction project, this approach did not provide a realistic evidence in the carbon sequestering monitoring in terms of UN-REDD; the meaningful comparison of land use patterns among watershed boundaries, interpretation for distribution trends of carbon density, calculation of opportunity cost, leakage management, etc. This research proposes a comparative evaluation framework in a more objective and quantitative way for carbon sequestering monitoring between administrative and watershed boundary approaches. Mt. Geumgang of North Korea was selected as a survey objective and an exhaustive and realistic comparison of carbon sequestration between the two approaches was conducted, based on change detection using TM satellite images. It was possible for drainage boundary approach to identify more detailed area-wide patterns of carbon distribution than traditional administrative one, such as estimations of state and trends, including historical trends, of land use / land cover and carbon density in the Mt. Geumgang. The distinctive changing trends in terms of carbon sequestration were specifically identified over the watershed boundary from 4.0% to 34.8% while less than 1% difference was observed in the administrative boundaries, which were resulting in almost 21-22%. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to support more scientific and objective decision-making in introducing watershed boundary as carbon sequestering monitoring unit.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.556-572
• /
• 2015

Since the late 1990s dualistic spatial structure has been configurated in Icheon ceramic industrial space due to the articulation of transmitted ceramics space rooted from imitating the Goryeo and Joseon ceramics and contemporary ceramics space based on academic ceramic arts. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to identify the formation of dualistic space in Icheon by investigating the development paths of ceramic industry in historical perspectives and analyzing inter- and extra-firm relations in Icheon. The main results of this research are as follows. Firstly, the development path of transmitted ceramics has declined gradually, while the development path of contemporary ceramics has been embedded in Icheon region. Secondly, the research pointed out that networks of transmitted ceramics and contemporary ceramics are different in the perspectives of inter-firm and extra-firm relations. Thirdly, the government has played a critical role as a financial and administrative supporter and as a network broker between university and Icheon ceramic firms(mainly with transmitted ceramics) for technological cooperation and collaborative R&D.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.761-778
• /
• 2009

This study investigates and proves the historical facts about the confidential land survey on Korean peninsula made by Japanese intelligence officers at the end of Chosun Dynasty. Under the command of general staff office of Japanese army, the military officers produced several maps through road map measurements and visual measurements. Although previous literature indicated road map measurements on Korea were originally implemented from 1885, this study confirms that road map measurements were initiated in 1882 by a lieutenant Isobayashi. Reflecting secret map making procedures, the individual military intelligence officers had specialized roles for swift information collection and map production.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.62-78
• /
• 2015

This paper aims to consider regional linkages in the Province of Young-nam mainly through a social network analysis of sociocultural activities such as leisure, friendly relations and visiting relatives. Passenger O-D data as of 2012 provided by National Transportation DB Center are analyzed using the NetMiner 4.0. The analytical results show that the sociocultural relationship between Daegu-Kyoungbuk and Busan-Ulsan-Kyioungnam is not so close. In particular, some north regions of Kyoungbuk are relatively isolated in the Province of Young-nam. This implicates that regions in the Province of Young-nam are not closely united at least in terms of sociocultural linkages although they are in the homogeneous natural environment of the basin of the Nakdong-river and share a same historical background for a long time. Consequentially this work suggests the Province of Young-nam may not be an united single region on the contrary to a notion of it so far.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.843-855
• /
• 2016

The objective of this study is to find out geomorphological characteristics of historical ruins where people produced and consumed large jar coffins excavated in the Yeongsan river basin using Fluvio-Marine Plains from detailed soil map. For this purpose, we chose the 21 consumption sites. The results are as follows. 21 consumption sites located in the region of upper limit of tidal internal in Yongsan River and tributary rivers. Among these, 18 Consumption sites has high accessibility with Fluvio-marine plains. This means that Consumption remains of Yongsan River basin have been located to area available for distribution from production sites.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2012

The aim of this study is to reevaluate the elements of Gokungugok in geomorphic perspective to discover the geosite of DMZ Geopark in Gangwon-do. The perception for the landscapes contained in Gokungi and Gokungukok-ga is similar to today's geomorphic elements. The most frequent geomorphic landscape shown in Gokungukok is ripple-pool system, and follow after falls and bedrock stream bed. The potholes along the granite bedrock of 3rd and 4th sites accentuate the beauty of Gokungugok. Between 1st and 3rd sites are very long section, and there are many beautiful sceneries, but between 7th and 9th sites is very short section and there are no distinct geomorphic landscapes. After a historical review for the position of 'Seolbeokwa', 'Mangdangi' and 'Beokuiman' called by Dasan Jeong Yak Yong, there is necessary to establish the name and the position of New Gokungugok. Because Gokungugok consists of the beautiful geomorphic landscapes and is well preserved, it can be suggested that it is a suitable geosite.