• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

The construction method of scaffolding structures is different from Mortise and Tenon and bucket arch structure of traditional large woodwork. It forms an independent construction system-fixing nodes with knots, a large number of diagonal braces are used to fix shelves and the structures mostly contain X-shape and triangular shape details. Simple ones include stalls, sheds, rain sheds, altars, lamp racks etc. But the scaffolding with larger scale and more complicated structure are modeled on archways, theatres and other buildings which are used in commercial and festival activities. At present, Macao, Hong Kong, Guangdong, Sichuan, Shanxi and other places in China have retained the custom of using scaffolding structures in important festival activities, but their uses, techniques and building types are slightly different from place to place. Due to building and demolishing at any time, the construction and service cycle is short. As a result, there are almost no physical objects left. We can only deduce the use and technical characteristics of ancient scaffolding skills through the colorful building styles that have been preserved with folk activities in various parts of China, the craftsmanship handed down from generation to generation by the scaffolding guild and artisans, and the description of cultural and historical materials and the mutual corroboration of visual materials.

• 경영과학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2011

While the literature is replete with arguments that corporate strategy, structure, and culture independently matter in explaining the growth and survival of firms, little theoretical and empirical attention has been devoted to understanding how the three organizational factors develop over time in interaction. Through in-depth case study, we examine the POSCO's historical development with respect to the strategy-structure-culture interface. Furthermore, by looking at the POSCO's longitudinal financial data we gain insight into whether the aligned evolution of strategy, structure, and culture is associated with performance.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2020

Cooperative behavior may seem contrary to the notion of natural selection and adaptation, but is widely observed in nature, from the genetic level to the organism. The origin and persistence of cooperative behavior has long been a mystery to scientists studying evolution and ecology. One of the important research topics in the field of evolutionary ecology and behavioral ecology is to find out why cooperation is maintained over time. In this paper we take a historical overview of mathematical models representing cooperative relationships from the perspective of mathematical biology, which studies population dynamics between interacting biological groups, and analyze the mathematical characteristics and meanings of these cooperative models.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2011

이 논문은 무선통신 산업에 있어서 경쟁하의 무선통신기술의 진화 경로를 밝히고자 하였습니다. 저자는 과거 자료를 분석하기위해 로가렛분석(Loglet Analysis) 기법을 도입하였습니다. 초기 연구결과는 기술경로상에서 네트워크 효과와 대체효과가 존재한다는 것입니다. 이 논문의 결과는 무선통신 서비스 사업자에게 그들의 네트워크에서 이익을 최대화할 수 있는 방향과 차세대 무선통신기술 이전 전략을 수립하는데 이용될 수 있을 것입니다.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Product lifecycle management (PLM) is a new business strategy for enterprise's product R&D. A PLM system holds and maintaining the integrity of the product data produced throughout its entire lifecycle. There is, therefore, a need to build a safe and effective product data model to support PLM system. The paper proposes a domain-based product data model for PLM. The domain modeling method is introduced, including the domain concept and its defining standard along the product evolution process. The product data model in every domain is explained, and the mapping rules among these models are discussed. Mapped successively among these models, product data can be successfully realized the dynamic evolution and the historical traceability in PLM system.

• 수완나부미
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.7-34
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• 2017

Various models have been presented to describe early Southeast Asian political formations that draw on both indigenous and imported Indic ideas. The most influential of these are the "Mandala" (Wolters 1968, 1982, 1999), "Galactic" (Tambiah 1976), "Negara" (Geertz 1980), and Anderson's 1972 "The idea of power in Javanese culture." This paper represents an initial attempt to compare the salient features of these models with historical and archaeological data from South Sulawesi where, exceptionally and importantly, societies developed independently of Indic ideas. South Sulawesi is unique in being the only region of maritime Southeast Asia where there are sufficient written and oral sources, often substantiated by archaeological data, to document the social evolution of its society from scattered, economically self-sufficient communities with ranked lineages practicing swidden agriculture to large political units (kingdoms) constructed around indigenous cultural and political concepts with economies based on wet-rice agriculture. This wealth of data provides us with a much more detailed picture of the emergence, development and support structures of early kingdoms than found in the models, which makes South Sulawesi of fundamental importance in understanding the social and economic evolution of pre-Indic influenced Austronesian societies in Maritime Southeast Asia.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.1260-1264
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• 2009

Precipitation time series is a mixture of complicate fluctuation and changes. The monthly precipitation data of 61 stations during 36 years (1973-2008) in Korea are comprehensively analyzed using the EOFs technique and CSEOFs technique respectively. The main motivation for employing this technique in the present study is to investigate the physical processes associated with the evolution of the precipitation from observation data. The twenty-five leading EOF modes account for 98.05% of the total monthly variance, and the first two modes account for 83.68% of total variation. The first mode exhibits traditional spatial pattern with annual cycle of corresponding PC time series and second mode shows strong North South gradient. In CSEOF analysis, the twenty-five leading CSEOF modes account for 98.58% of the total monthly variance, and the first two modes account for 78.69% of total variation, these first two patterns' spatial distribution show monthly spatial variation. The corresponding mode's PC time series reveals the annual cycle on a monthly time scale and long-term fluctuation and first mode's PC time series shows increasing linear trend which represents that spatial and temporal variability of first mode pattern has strengthened. Compared with the EOFs analysis, the CSEOFs analysis preferably exhibits the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics and variability of Korean historical precipitation.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2015

Based on the reconnaissance of buildings in Dujiangyan City during 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, China, structural damage characteristics and the spatial distribution of structural damage are investigated, and the possible reasons for the extraordinary features are discussed with consideration of the influence of urban historical evolution and spatial variation of earthquake motions. Firstly, the urban plan and typical characteristics of structural seismic damage are briefly presented and summarized. Spatial distribution of structural damage is then comparatively analyzed by classifying all surveyed buildings in accordance with different construction age, considering the influence of seismic design code on urban buildings. Finally, the influences of evolution of seismic design code, topographic condition, local site and distance from fault rupture on spatial distribution of structural damage are comprehensively discussed. It is concluded that spatial variation of earthquake motions, resulting from topography, local site effect and fault rupture, are very important factor leading to the extraordinary spatial distribution of building damage except the evolution of seismic design codes. It is necessary that the spatial distribution of earthquake motions should be considered in seismic design of structures located in complicated topography area and near active faults.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.359-365
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• 1998

A global optimization method known as the Shuffled Complex Evolution method from the University of Arizona(SCE-UA) was used for calibrating a Tank model. The model was calibrated with error-free synthetic data, and the SCE-UA method was found to effectively search optimal parameters. Historical data from an agricultural watershed was used to calibrate and validate the model parameters. The simulated results were in good agreement with the observed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제2호
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• pp.40-45
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• 1994

This thesis is to research the change in attitude regarding the architectura ornament. One of the key dogmas within Modern Movement of art and design was anti-ornamentalism. The modernist had revolted against ornament and believed that the greatness of the modern age might lay in its inability to produce a new form of ornament. Architectural ornament has been passed through an process of evolution in a decadent stage. In this context, the purpose of this study is to identify historical meaning of architectural ornament in the age of transition toward Modernism.